History Chapter 14 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

When was the Peace of Augsburg issued and what did it accomplish?

The Peace of Augsburg ended the fighting in Europe between the Holy Roman Empire (Charles V) and the Protestant Princes in Germany. It established the fact that the princes could choose their religion in their territories and recognized Lutheranism.

When was the Edict of Nantes issued, by who, and what did it do?

The Edict of Nantes was issued in 1598 by French King Henry IV, guaranteeing freedom of religion throughout the realm to promote civil unity.

What happened at the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre? When did it happen?

August 24th, 1572. The Huguenots were targeted by Catholic mobs in Paris and throughout France during Henri de Navarre's wedding, resulting in around 3000 Huguenots dying.

What event caused the war that ended with the Peace of Augsburg?

The German Peasant's Revolt in 1524. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Catherine de Medici?

Catherine de Medici was the Queen Regent during Charles IX's reign and played a role in planning the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Henri IV?

Henri IV was the leader of the Huguenots who took the throne after the French Civil War, converted to Catholicism, and issued the Edict of Nantes. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Henry VIII?

Henry VIII was King of England from 1507 to 1549, known for creating the Anglican Church after the Pope refused to dissolve his marriage. Signup and view all the answers

What is the secular significance of the creation of the Anglican Church?

Henry VIII broke away from Catholicism, taking away monasteries' wealth and territory, which granted England more wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What happened after Henry VIII died?

His son Edward took over until his death, followed by Mary Tudor, who persecuted Protestants, and then Elizabeth I, who started England's 'Golden Age.' Signup and view all the answers

Who was Sir Francis Drake?

A legal pirate working for Elizabeth I, attacking Spanish ships coming from the Americas, later knighted by her. Signup and view all the answers

What was the English line of throne succession during the 16th century?

Henry VIII (1509-1547), Edward VI (1547-1553), Mary Tudor (1553-1558), Elizabeth I (1558-1603). Signup and view all the answers

When did the Netherlands revolt against Spain and who were they aided by? When were they formally liberated from Spain?

The Netherlands revolted in 1566, aided by England (Elizabeth I), and became formally independent in 1648 (Peace of Westphalia). Signup and view all the answers

What caused the Thirty Years' War? When did it happen and what stopped the fighting?

From 1618 to 1648 caused by Ferdinand II's attempt to eradicate Protestants. The fighting ended with the Peace of Westphalia. Signup and view all the answers

When, why, and what was the significance of the Peace of Westphalia?

In 1648, to end the Thirty Years' War. It reorganized Europe to balance power, created a distinction between (non)combatants, and established religious choice for territories. Signup and view all the answers

What was the first war to include mass armies and modern weaponry?

The Thirty Years' War. Signup and view all the answers

Who established the first modern ghetto?

Venice. Signup and view all the answers

Which ethnoreligious group suffered persecution from all nations and were expelled from most of Europe? Where did they find a place to settle down?

The Jews, and they found refuge in the Ottoman Empire. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Peace of Augsburg

Issued in 1555, ended fighting between Holy Roman Empire and Protestant Princes.
Established religious choice for princes in their territories; recognized Lutheranism.

Edict of Nantes

Issued in 1598 by French King Henry IV.
Guaranteed religious freedom across France to promote civil unity.

Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Took place on August 24, 1572.
Catholic mobs targeted Huguenots during Henri de Navarre's wedding, resulting in approximately 3000 deaths.

German Peasant's Revolt

A pivotal event in 1524 that caused conflict leading to the Peace of Augsburg.

Catherine de Medici

Queen Regent during Charles IX's reign.
A Catholic figure involved in planning the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre.

Henri IV

Formerly Henri de Navarre, leader of the Huguenots.
Converted to Catholicism to unify France and issued the Edict of Nantes for religious freedom.

Henry VIII

King of England from 1509 to 1547, of the Tudor dynasty.
Known for initiating the Anglican Church after the Pope's refusal to annul his marriage.

Secular Significance of Anglican Church

Henry VIII's break from Catholicism allowed the confiscation of monastery wealth, enhancing England's resources significantly.

Succession of English Throne

Sequence: Henry VIII (1509-1547), Edward VI (1547-1553), Mary Tudor (1553-1558), Elizabeth I (1558-1603).

Netherlands Revolt Against Spain

Began in 1566 against King Philip II with assistance from England under Elizabeth I.
Gained formal independence in 1648 through the Peace of Westphalia.

Thirty Years' War

Spanned from 1618 to 1648, initiated by Ferdinand II's attempts to eliminate Protestants in the Holy Roman Empire.
Resulted in widespread civil war; concluded with the Peace of Westphalia for exhaustion rather than outright victory.

Peace of Westphalia

Signed in 1648 to end the Thirty Years' War.
Established a balance of power in Europe, identified combatants/non-combatants, and upheld the principle of territorial religious choice.

Modern Warfare

The Thirty Years' War marked the first major conflict featuring mass armies and modern weaponry.

First Modern Ghetto

Established in Venice, serving as an early example of segregated living for specific groups.

Persecution of Jews

The Jewish community faced widespread persecution across Europe and found refuge primarily in the Ottoman Empire.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore key events from Chapter 14 in history with these flashcards. Learn about the Peace of Augsburg and the Edict of Nantes, including their implications and significance. Test your knowledge and understanding of these important historical treaties.