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Questions and Answers
Health is defined as a resource for everyday life.
Health is defined as a resource for everyday life.
True
Health science only deals with human health.
Health science only deals with human health.
False
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was signed in 1986.
The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was signed in 1986.
True
Palliative care focuses solely on curative treatments.
Palliative care focuses solely on curative treatments.
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General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) refers to the physiological response to stress.
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) refers to the physiological response to stress.
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Health science is a purely theoretical field with no practical applications.
Health science is a purely theoretical field with no practical applications.
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Wellness is synonymous with health.
Wellness is synonymous with health.
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Mental health only concerns psychological well-being.
Mental health only concerns psychological well-being.
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The goal of palliative care is to achieve the best quality of life for patients and their families.
The goal of palliative care is to achieve the best quality of life for patients and their families.
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Public health only addresses the health of individual patients.
Public health only addresses the health of individual patients.
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Palliative interventions can include both medical and psychosocial support.
Palliative interventions can include both medical and psychosocial support.
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Wellness is defined as the absence of illness, injury, or disease.
Wellness is defined as the absence of illness, injury, or disease.
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Public health measures are aimed at preventing disease and promoting health.
Public health measures are aimed at preventing disease and promoting health.
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Pain medication is one of the palliative interventions for end-of-life care.
Pain medication is one of the palliative interventions for end-of-life care.
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Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
Health is defined as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
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The primary focus of public health is on treating diseases, not preventing them.
The primary focus of public health is on treating diseases, not preventing them.
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Wellness emphasizes only physical and social wellbeing.
Wellness emphasizes only physical and social wellbeing.
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Health is more related to Western medicine.
Health is more related to Western medicine.
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Wellness is a practical way of achieving health.
Wellness is a practical way of achieving health.
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Good hygiene can negatively impact self-esteem.
Good hygiene can negatively impact self-esteem.
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Mental health is solely defined by the absence of mental diseases.
Mental health is solely defined by the absence of mental diseases.
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Stress is only a response to negative situations.
Stress is only a response to negative situations.
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The goal of wellness is to enhance overall well-being.
The goal of wellness is to enhance overall well-being.
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By 2030, the goal is to increase premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases.
By 2030, the goal is to increase premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases.
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Frequent urination is a symptom of anxiety.
Frequent urination is a symptom of anxiety.
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Feeling overloaded or overwhelmed is not related to mental health issues.
Feeling overloaded or overwhelmed is not related to mental health issues.
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Difficulty concentrating can be a sign of mental distress.
Difficulty concentrating can be a sign of mental distress.
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Dry mouth is a typical physical symptom of stress.
Dry mouth is a typical physical symptom of stress.
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Increased anger and frustration may indicate a calm mental state.
Increased anger and frustration may indicate a calm mental state.
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Rashes and itching can occur when a person is experiencing anxiety.
Rashes and itching can occur when a person is experiencing anxiety.
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Little interest in appearance is unrelated to mental health.
Little interest in appearance is unrelated to mental health.
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Nightmares are a symptom that can be linked to stress.
Nightmares are a symptom that can be linked to stress.
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Eustress is considered pleasant stress.
Eustress is considered pleasant stress.
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The three main stages of stress are alarm, recovery, and exhaustion.
The three main stages of stress are alarm, recovery, and exhaustion.
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Distress refers to unpleasant stress.
Distress refers to unpleasant stress.
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In the resistance stage, the body is more susceptible to disease.
In the resistance stage, the body is more susceptible to disease.
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Cortisol is a stress hormone that can affect lymphocyte secretion.
Cortisol is a stress hormone that can affect lymphocyte secretion.
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Allostatic load theory was introduced by Bruce McEwen and Eliot Stellar in 1995.
Allostatic load theory was introduced by Bruce McEwen and Eliot Stellar in 1995.
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Exhaustion is a life-threatening physiological state caused by prolonged stress.
Exhaustion is a life-threatening physiological state caused by prolonged stress.
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Being abused or neglected is an example of eustress.
Being abused or neglected is an example of eustress.
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Study Notes
History and Definition of Health Science
- Health Science is the application of scientific knowledge to improve human and animal health.
- It encompasses various disciplines like medicine, dentistry, nursing, and public health.
- The WHO defines health as a "state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity" - a definition that has not been amended since 1946.
- The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, an international agreement, emphasizes health as a resource for everyday life.
- Health care includes preventive, curative, and palliative interventions, aiming to promote health and well-being for individuals and entire populations.
- Public health focuses on preventing disease, promoting health, and prolonging life in communities. Its activities aim to provide conditions that promote health for entire populations.
Health vs. Wellness
- Wellness is an expanded idea of health that encompasses physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, occupational, social and environmental well-being.
- Wellness focuses on achieving optimal health and vitality, while health is generally defined as the absence of illness, injury, or disease.
Dimensions of Wellness
- Wellness is an active process of pursuing health and wellbeing, incorporating multiple dimensions.
- These dimensions include physical, mental, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental well-being.
- Wellness emphasizes the pursuit of holistic health beyond the traditional focus on physical health.
Personal Hygiene
- Personal hygiene is a crucial first step towards good grooming and maintaining good physical and mental health.
- Neglecting hygiene can lead to health problems and social issues.
- It also has a positive impact on self-esteem, contributing to emotional wellbeing.
Mental Health
- A state of successful mental functioning that enables productive activities, fulfilling relationships, and adaptive coping mechanisms.
- Contributes to positive emotional health, including feelings of positivity, self-control, and happiness.
- The WHO has two key targets related to mental health within its health goals:
- Reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases through prevention and treatment by 2030.
- Strengthening the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including alcohol and narcotics.
Stress
- Commonly viewed as an uncomfortable response to negative situations, but it can also be generated by pleasurable physical challenges and personal achievements.
- Stress encompasses both the situation that triggers physical and emotional reactions and the reactions themselves.
- Symptoms can include physical, emotional, and behavioral changes.
- The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) describes how the body responds to stress, divided into stages:
- Alarm: an initial response with physiological changes like increased heart rate and breathing.
- Resistance: where the body develops resistance to stressors, allowing for adaptation and coping.
- Exhaustion: if stressors persist, the body enters a state of exhaustion with increased vulnerability to disease and injuries.
Psychoneuroimmunology
- A field of study that investigates the complex relationship between the brain, immune system, and behavior.
- Stress hormones like cortisol can affect the immune system by suppressing the number and effectiveness of lymphocytes, potentially increasing susceptibility to illnesses.
Allostatic Load
- Introduced by Bruce McEwen and Eliot Stellar in 1993, is the prolonged wear and tear on the body due to repeated or prolonged stress.
- This can contribute to the development of chronic diseases and increase the risk of health problems.
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Description
This quiz explores the foundational concepts of health science, its definition by the WHO, and the role of public health in promoting well-being. It also contrasts the ideas of health and wellness, outlining their significance in healthcare. Test your understanding of these critical topics in health science!
