Histopathologic Technique and Cytology Module 2 Quiz

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of tissue fixation in histotechnology?

To clear the tissue of excess lipids

To dehydrate the tissue for embedding

To infiltrate the tissue with paraffin

To preserve cells and tissue components in a natural state (correct)

Which of the following is not a step in the histological processing of tissue?

Decalcification (correct)

Dehydration

Clearing

Infiltration

Which type of tissue processing is the slowest and most labor-intensive?

Microwave-assisted processing

Automated processing

Fluid-transfer processing

Manual processing (correct)

What is the purpose of the 'clearing' step in tissue processing?

To remove excess lipids from the tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which type of automated tissue processor employs 'dip and dunk' mechanisms to transfer specimens?

Specimen-transfer processors Signup and view all the answers

How do fluid-transfer processors enhance tissue processing?

By using vacuum and pressure cycles Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fixation in tissue processing?

To stop autolysis and bacterial decomposition Signup and view all the answers

Which method of fixation involves injecting the vascular system with fixative?

Perfusion fixation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of immersion fixation?

To immerse the specimen in the fixative solution Signup and view all the answers

Which basic mechanism of fixation involves the fixing agent becoming part of the tissue by forming crosslinks?

Additive mechanism Signup and view all the answers

Which method of fixation involves using paraformaldehyde and osmium tetroxide for freeze-drying?

Vapor-fix fixation Signup and view all the answers

What does non-additive mechanism in fixation involve?

Altering tissue composition without incorporating the fixing agent Signup and view all the answers

What does the removal of water do to protein molecules?

Forms new cross-links within and among the molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common error in histotechnology related to fixation volume?

20:1 fixative to tissue ratio Signup and view all the answers

At what pH does formalin rapidly produce 'formalin pigment'?

Below 6.0 Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended temperature for urgent biopsy specimens in terms of fixation?

Heated to 60°C Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in temperature impact the rate of fixation and autolysis?

Increases both the rate of fixation and autolysis Signup and view all the answers

'Formalin pigment' is produced by the reaction between formalin and which component?

Hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of tissue processing in histopathology?

To prepare tissue samples for microscopic examination Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about fixed tissue examination is true?

It allows for the examination of adequately preserved sections and smears that are stained to demonstrate specific structures Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of tissue fixation in histopathology?

It is a necessary step before tissue processing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term 'tissue processing' in histopathology?

The various steps required to prepare tissue samples for microscopic examination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of fixed tissue examination over fresh tissue examination?

It provides a better means of studying tissues by examining adequately preserved and stained sections Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps is NOT typically included in tissue processing for histopathology?

Chemical analysis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tissue Fixation

To preserve tissue structure and prevent autolysis and putrefaction.

Histological Processing Steps

Not a step: Examination under a microscope

Tissue Processing Methods

Slowest and most labor-intensive: Manual processing

Clearing Step

To remove water from the tissue and prepare it for embedding in wax.

Automated Tissue Processors

Dip and dunk mechanism: Rotary processor

Fluid-Transfer Processors

Enhancements: Improved efficiency, reduced processing time, and maintained tissue quality.

Fixation in Tissue Processing

To preserve tissue structure and prevent autolysis and putrefaction.

Fixation Methods

Injection of fixative: Perfusion fixation
Immersion fixation: To directly place the specimen in fixative

Fixation Mechanisms

Crosslinking: Additive mechanism

Special Fixation Methods

Freeze-drying: Uses paraformaldehyde and osmium tetroxide

Non-Additive Mechanism in Fixation

The fixing agent does not become part of the tissue, but rather alters its chemical composition.

Removal of Water from Protein Molecules

Causes protein molecules to denature and solidify, preserving the tissue structure.

Fixation Volume Errors

Insufficient volume of fixative.

'Formalin Pigment'

Rapid production: at pH above 8

Urgent Biopsy Specimen Temperature

Recommended: 4°C

Temperature Impact on Fixation

Increase in temperature: Increases the rate of fixation but also accelerates autolysis.

'Formalin Pigment' Component

Formalin reacts with blood.

Tissue Processing

To prepare tissues for microscopic examination.

Fixed vs Fresh Tissue

Fixed tissue allows for: Longer-term storage and easier handling.

Significance of Tissue Fixation

Critical for preserving the cellular structure and morphology of tissues for diagnostic purposes.

Tissue Processing Definition

Best definition: A series of steps to prepare tissue specimens for microscopic examination.

Advantages of Fixed Tissue

Primary advantage: Preservation of tissue structure for microscopic analysis.

Tissue Processing Steps

Not typically included: Staining

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on conventional tissue processing in medical laboratory science internship. Evaluate your understanding of fixed tissue processing, histotechnique steps, identification of solutions/reagents, and tissue sample preparations.