FOUNDATION B part 2

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Which of the following is not a sentinel cell?

Neutrophil (correct)

Mast cell

Macrophage

Dendritic cell

Which of the following activate Mast cells?

IgD

IgM

IgG

IgE (correct)

Which of the following are involved in adaptive and innate immune responses?

Cytokines (correct)

Acute phase proteins

Complement proteins

Antibodies

Which of the following signs of inflammation does not match its alternative name?

Dolor=swelling Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following regarding MHCs is correct?

β2 microglobulin is not coded for by the same gene that codes for MHC complexes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is pentameric?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not stimulate blocking and neutralisation of infected cells?

IgD Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following complement pathways is initiated by direct contact with pathogens?

Alternative pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following proteins is NOT involved in the formation of the membrane attack complex?

C2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which certain molecules bind to pathogens and enhance their uptake by phagocytic cells?

Opsonisation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the invariant chain in the antigen presentation process?

To cover the region of the MHC class II that would usually bind to the antigenic peptide Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the HLA DM protein in the antigen presentation process?

To degrade the invariant chain Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vesicle that contains the antigenic peptide and interacts with the MHC class II molecule?

MIIC vesicle Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins are involved in the folding and loading of MHC class I molecules?

Calnexin, ERp57, and tapasin Signup and view all the answers

Through which pathway do proteins captured from outside the cell get presented to CD4+ T cells?

Exogenous pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Fab region of an antibody?

It binds to antigens Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immune cell is responsible for killing cells infected with intracellular pathogens?

CD8+ T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Regulatory T cells in the immune response?

To suppress the activity of other immune cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between T cell and B cell recognition of antigens?

T cells recognise peptides presented by MHC molecules, while B cells recognise epitopes on the external surface of molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Innate immunity provides generalised defence, whereas adaptive immunity provides specific defence Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sentinels in the immune system?

To recognise and alert the immune system to invading pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following signs of inflammation is NOT associated with the activation of immune cells?

Loss of function Signup and view all the answers

Which subset of T helper cells is involved in parasitic infections?

Th2 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection triggers the activation of Th17 cells?

Extracellular fungal infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of T-reg cells in the immune response?

To balance the pro-inflammatory response Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the combination of cytokines secreted by different T helper subsets on naive T cells?

Differentiation of naive T cells into different subsets Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of Th2 cells?

Regulation of MHC expression on macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Th1 cells in intracellular infections?

To activate macrophages and enhance phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does sentinel cells release which act on the liver to produce acute phase proteins ?

IL6 Signup and view all the answers