Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which statement accurately describes the hip joint's articulation?
Which statement accurately describes the hip joint's articulation?
- The hip joint connects the hemispherical head of the femur with the cup-shaped acetabulum. (correct)
- The hip joint connects the rounded head of the tibia with the horseshoe-shaped acetabulum.
- The hip joint connects the flattened head of the fibula with the triangular-shaped acetabulum.
- The hip joint connects the cuboid head of the femur with the oval-shaped acetabulum.
What is the primary function of the acetabular labrum in the hip joint?
What is the primary function of the acetabular labrum in the hip joint?
- To provide a smooth surface for articulation with the femoral head.
- To deepen the cavity of the acetabulum, enhancing hip joint stability. (correct)
- To produce synovial fluid that lubricates the hip joint.
- To decrease the depth of the acetabulum for greater range of motion.
How does the transverse acetabular ligament contribute to the functionality of the hip joint?
How does the transverse acetabular ligament contribute to the functionality of the hip joint?
- It bridges the acetabular notch and forms a tunnel for both the passage of blood vessels and nerves. (correct)
- It supports the joint capsule without directly affecting neurovascular elements.
- It reinforces the acetabular labrum, preventing tears during extreme movements.
- It facilitates nerve passage but restricts blood vessel entry into the joint.
Which statement best describes the capsule of the hip joint?
Which statement best describes the capsule of the hip joint?
What is the primary function of the iliofemoral ligament?
What is the primary function of the iliofemoral ligament?
How does the shape and attachment of the pubofemoral ligament affect hip joint movement?
How does the shape and attachment of the pubofemoral ligament affect hip joint movement?
What specific motion is primarily limited by the ischiofemoral ligament?
What specific motion is primarily limited by the ischiofemoral ligament?
Which of the following accurately describes the attachment points of the ligament of the head of the femur?
Which of the following accurately describes the attachment points of the ligament of the head of the femur?
What is the role of the synovial membrane in the hip joint?
What is the role of the synovial membrane in the hip joint?
Which nerves provide innervation to the hip joint?
Which nerves provide innervation to the hip joint?
Which of the following muscle groups is primarily responsible for hip extension?
Which of the following muscle groups is primarily responsible for hip extension?
What group of muscles is mainly responsible for adduction of the hip?
What group of muscles is mainly responsible for adduction of the hip?
Which muscles are predominantly involved in the lateral rotation of the hip?
Which muscles are predominantly involved in the lateral rotation of the hip?
What muscles primarily facilitate medial rotation of the hip?
What muscles primarily facilitate medial rotation of the hip?
Which statement accurately compares the strength of different muscle groups acting on the hip joint?
Which statement accurately compares the strength of different muscle groups acting on the hip joint?
Anteriorly, which muscles or structures are directly related to the hip joint?
Anteriorly, which muscles or structures are directly related to the hip joint?
Posteriorly, which structures are related to the hip joint and separate it from the sciatic nerve?
Posteriorly, which structures are related to the hip joint and separate it from the sciatic nerve?
Superiorly, which muscles are directly related to the hip joint?
Superiorly, which muscles are directly related to the hip joint?
Which structure is directly related inferiorly to the hip joint?
Which structure is directly related inferiorly to the hip joint?
Which statement best summarizes the overall movement capabilities and structural trade-offs of the hip joint compared to the shoulder joint?
Which statement best summarizes the overall movement capabilities and structural trade-offs of the hip joint compared to the shoulder joint?
What is the shape of the ischiofemoral ligament and where does it attach?
What is the shape of the ischiofemoral ligament and where does it attach?
Considering the ligaments of the hip joint, which set of ligaments primarily resists hip extension?
Considering the ligaments of the hip joint, which set of ligaments primarily resists hip extension?
What is the functional significance of the fat pad located in the acetabular fossa?
What is the functional significance of the fat pad located in the acetabular fossa?
The acetabular labrum is continuous with which ligament?
The acetabular labrum is continuous with which ligament?
What is the shape of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, and what type of cartilage covers it?
What is the shape of the lunate surface of the acetabulum, and what type of cartilage covers it?
Which of the following best describes the typical blood supply to the head and neck of the femur?
Which of the following best describes the typical blood supply to the head and neck of the femur?
After a posterior hip dislocation, which nerve is most at risk?
After a posterior hip dislocation, which nerve is most at risk?
If a patient has difficulty with hip flexion, which muscle groups would you assess?
If a patient has difficulty with hip flexion, which muscle groups would you assess?
Avascular necrosis is a significant complication following a femoral neck fracture. Which blood vessel disruption contributes most significantly to this complication?
Avascular necrosis is a significant complication following a femoral neck fracture. Which blood vessel disruption contributes most significantly to this complication?
A patient has limited hip abduction. Which muscle would you assess?
A patient has limited hip abduction. Which muscle would you assess?
A surgeon is performing a total hip arthroplasty and needs to release a structure that is closely related inferiorly to the hip joint. Which structure is the surgeon most likely addressing?
A surgeon is performing a total hip arthroplasty and needs to release a structure that is closely related inferiorly to the hip joint. Which structure is the surgeon most likely addressing?
A football player sustains a blow to the anterior hip, resulting in pain and limited hip flexion. Which of the following muscles is most likely injured?
A football player sustains a blow to the anterior hip, resulting in pain and limited hip flexion. Which of the following muscles is most likely injured?
Flashcards
Hip Joint Articulation
Hip Joint Articulation
The hip joint is the articulation between the hemispherical head of the femur and the cup-shaped acetabulum of the hip bone.
Acetabular Labrum
Acetabular Labrum
A fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the acetabulum.
Hip Joint Type
Hip Joint Type
A synovial ball and socket joint that allows for a wide range of motion.
Iliofemoral Ligament
Iliofemoral Ligament
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Pubofemoral Ligament
Pubofemoral Ligament
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Ischiofemoral Ligament
Ischiofemoral Ligament
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Transverse Acetabular Ligament
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
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Ligament of Head of Femur
Ligament of Head of Femur
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Nerve Supply to Hip Joint
Nerve Supply to Hip Joint
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Hip Flexion Muscles
Hip Flexion Muscles
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Hip Extension Muscles
Hip Extension Muscles
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Hip Abduction Muscles
Hip Abduction Muscles
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Hip Adduction Muscles
Hip Adduction Muscles
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Lateral Hip Rotation
Lateral Hip Rotation
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Medial Hip Rotation
Medial Hip Rotation
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Anterior Relations of Hip
Anterior Relations of Hip
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Posterior Relations of Hip
Posterior Relations of Hip
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Superior Relations of Hip
Superior Relations of Hip
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Inferior Relations of Hip
Inferior Relations of Hip
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Study Notes
- The hip joint connects the hemispherical head of the femur to the cup-shaped acetabulum of the hip bone
- The articular surface of the acetabulum is shaped like a horseshoe with a deficiency inferiorly at the acetabular notch
Articulation
- A fibrocartilaginous rim, the acetabular labrum, deepens the acetabulum cavity
- The labrum bridges the acetabular notch, forming the transverse acetabular ligament
- Hyaline cartilage covers the articular surfaces
Type and Capsule
- The hip joint is classified as a synovial ball and socket joint
- The joint capsule is attached to the acetabular labrum medially
- The capsule is attached laterally to the intertrochanteric line of the femur anteriorly and the posterior aspect of the femoral neck posteriorly
Iliofemoral Ligaments
- The iliofemoral ligament is a strong, inverted Y-shaped ligament
- This ligament's base is attached to the anterior inferior iliac spine
- The two limbs attach to the upper and lower intertrochanteric line of the femur
- It prevents overextension
Pubofemoral Ligament
- The pubofemoral ligament is triangular
- The base of this ligament attaches to the superior ramus of the pubis
- The apex attaches to the lower intertrochanteric line
- This ligament limits extension and abduction
Ischiofemoral Ligament
- A spiral-shaped ligament, the ischiofemoral ligament
- The ligament attaches to the ischium near the acetabular margin
- Fibers pass upward and laterally toward the greater trochanter
- This ligament limits extension
Transverse Acetabular Ligament
- Transverse Acetabular Ligament forms as the acetabular labrum bridges the acetabular notch
- This ligament converts the notch into a tunnel for blood vessels and nerves into the joint
Ligament of Head of Femur
- A flat and triangular ligament
- Apex is attached to the fovea capitis
- Base is attached to the transverse ligament and the margins of the acetabular notch
- It lies within the joint and is ensheathed by synovial membrane
Synovial Membrane
- Synovial membrane lines the joint capsule
- It is attached to the margins of the articular surfaces
- It covers the portion of the femoral neck that lies within the joint capsule
- The synovial membrane ensheathes the ligament of the head of the femur
- Synovial Membrane covers the fat pad in the acetabular fossa
- A pouch of synovial membrane frequently protrudes through a gap in the anterior wall of the capsule
- Synovial membrane forms the psoas bursa beneath the psoas tendon
Nerve Supply
- The nerve supply to the hip includes the femoral nerve
- The nerve supply to the hip includes the obturator nerve
- The nerve supply to the hip includes the sciatic nerve
- The nerve supply to the hip includes the nerve to the quadratus femoris
Movements
- While the hip joint has a wide range of movements, it is still less than the shoulder joint
- The shape of the bones and strong ligaments is key to the joint's strength
- Flexion is performed by the iliopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, and adductor muscles
- Extension is performed by the gluteus maximus and hamstring muscles
- Abduction is performed by the gluteus medius and minimus, sartorius, tensor fasciae latae, and piriformis
- Adduction is performed by the adductor longus and brevis and the adductor fibers of the adductor magnus
- Lateral rotation is performed by the piriformis, obturator internus and externus, superior and inferior gemelli
- Medial rotation is performed by the anterior fibers of the gluteus medius and minimus and the tensor fasciae latae
- Circumduction is a combination of previous hip movements
- The extensor group of hip muscles are more powerful than the flexor group
- The lateral rotator hip muscles are more powerful than the medial rotators
Relations
- Anterior relations to the hip joint are the iliopsoas, pectineus, and rectus femoris
- Posterior relations to the hip joint are the obturator internus, the gemelli, and the quadratus femoris, which separate the joint from the sciatic nerve
- Superior relations to the hip joint are the piriformis and gluteus minimus
- The inferior relation to the hip joint is the obturator externus tendon
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