Physiology LE 2: Hemostasis
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step for hemostasis to occur?

  • Vascular spasm
  • Coagulation
  • Platelet plug formation
  • Injury to the vessel wall (correct)

    • What is hemostasis described as?

  • The growth of fibrous tissue
  • The formation of blood clots
  • The prevention of blood loss (correct)
  • The process of blood flow

    • What is the primary function of thromboxane A2 in hemostasis?

  • Erythrocyte aggregation
  • Vasoconstriction (correct)
  • Fibrinogen conversion
  • Platelet activation

    • What is the first step in primary hemostasis?

    <p>Vascular constriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall contracting near the injury point?

    <p>Decreased blood loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of platelet plug formation?

    <p>Adhesion, Activation, and Aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between primary and secondary hemostasis?

    <p>Primary hemostasis involves vascular spasm and platelet plug formation, secondary hemostasis involves the coagulation cascade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the mechanism of hemostasis?

    <p>Growth of fibrous tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fibrin in coagulation?

    <p>Forms a mesh that traps more platelets and erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ratio of the patient's prothrombin time to a normal prothrombin time?

    <p>International Normalized Ratio (INR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the prothrombin activator in coagulation?

    <p>Converts prothrombin into thrombin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of pathways involved in coagulation?

    <p>Extrinsic and Intrinsic pathways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the protein that plays a major role in platelet adhesion and blood clotting?

    <p>von Willebrand factor (vWF)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the platelet plug formation?

    <p>Formation of a clot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ion that plays a crucial role in the blood clotting process?

    <p>Calcium ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the body stops bleeding after an injury?

    <p>Hemostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ADP in platelet activation?

    <p>It binds to P2Y12 receptors to activate more platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thrombin in the coagulation process?

    <p>Formation of fibrin fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which platelet receptor is endowed with the capacity to bind fibrinogen after a conformational change?

    <p>GP IIb/IIIa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glycocalyx in preventing blood clotting?

    <p>Preventing platelet adhesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of local myogenic spasm in blood vessels?

    <p>Reduced blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thrombin in the clotting process?

    <p>It converts fibrinogen to fibrin, stabilizing the platelet plug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of platelets in the body?

    <p>Bone marrow from megakaryocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of prostacyclin in the body?

    <p>Inhibiting platelet aggregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What binds to GPIb/Ia to activate more platelets and form bridges?

    <p>vWF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antithrombin III in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Inhibiting thrombin and Factor Xa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of platelet count in blood?

    <p>150,000 to 300,000 units per μL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of platelet activation on GPIIb/IIIa?

    <p>It endows GPIIb/IIIa with the capacity to bind fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of serotonin in platelet activation?

    <p>It activates more platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of alpha granules and dense tubules in platelets?

    <p>Release of local contractile proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the common pathway in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Forming the prothrombin activator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thrombomodulin in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Forming a complex with thrombin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of fibrinogen in the formation of a platelet plug?

    <p>It forms bridges between platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of glycoprotein on the platelet cell membrane surface?

    <p>To prevent adherence to normal endothelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of protein C in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Acting as an anticoagulant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the binding of vWF to GPIb/Ia?

    <p>It activates more platelets and forms molecular bridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the state of blood in the physiologic state?

    <p>Constantly anticoagulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of thromboxane A2 in platelets?

    <p>Vascular spasm or vascular wall contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of heparin in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Forming a complex with thrombin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of inhibiting thrombin in the coagulation cascade?

    <p>Most of the steps in the coagulation cascade are inhibited</p> Signup and view all the answers

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