30 Questions
Which structure connects the nasal cavity and the oral cavity?
Pharynx
What is the primary function of the nasal cavity?
To heat and humidify the air
What is the basic structure of the trachea?
C-shaped bone rings stacked up
What is the function of the epiglottis?
To cover the opening of the larynx and protect it
Where does the gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Which layer of the peritoneum lines the walls of the abdomen?
Parietal peritoneum
Which plexus controls the contractions of the GI tract?
Myenteric plexus
Which type of receptors in the GI tract respond to different chemicals?
Chemoreceptors
Which structure in the mouth aids in the mechanical breakdown of food?
Tongue
What is the function of the periodontal ligament?
To connect the teeth to the jaw bone
Which of the following is true about respiration?
All of the above are true about respiration.
What is the equation for calculating vital capacity (VC)?
VC = Total lung capacity - Residual volume
What is the purpose of the inspiratory reserve volume?
To inf late all of the alveoli to their maximum volume
What happens to chest pressure during inspiration?
Chest pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure
What is the normal partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in well oxygenated red blood on room air?
100 mm Hg
Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the bronchial tree?
Alveoli
What is the function of surfactant in the alveoli?
To help the alveoli stay open
What is the name of the process that matches blood flow to the alveoli being ventilated?
Ventilation-perfusion coupling
Which muscles of respiration are responsible for increasing the volume of the chest cavity?
Diaphragm and intercostals
What is the relationship between volume and pressure in the thorax during ventilation?
Inverse relationship
Which muscle type is found in the top 1/3 of the esophagus?
Skeletal muscle
What is the function of the upper esophageal sphincter?
Regulates food leaving the pharynx
Which muscle type is found in the bottom 1/3 of the esophagus?
Smooth muscle
What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter?
Prevents food from returning to the esophagus
What type of muscle is found in the middle 1/3 of the esophagus?
Mixed muscle
Which of the following is the correct statement about the right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?
It is caused by the hemoglobin being in tissues with a higher concentration of oxygen than the blood
Which of the following is the correct statement about the left shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?
It is caused by the hemoglobin being in tissues with a lower concentration of oxygen than the blood
How is carbon dioxide primarily transported in the blood?
As bicarbonate
What is the function of the mucosa layer in the digestive tract?
To increase the absorptive area of the GI tract
What is the outermost layer of the digestive tract called?
Serosa
Understanding Hemoglobin's Response to Low Oxygen: Take this quiz to test your knowledge on how hemoglobin changes its shape in low oxygen environments, resulting in a right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve and reduced oxygen-carrying capacity. Explore the factors influencing this phenomenon and its impact on oxygen release.
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