Hemoglobin's Response to Low Oxygen
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Questions and Answers

Which structure connects the nasal cavity and the oral cavity?

  • Pharynx (correct)
  • Trachea
  • Larynx
  • Bronchi

    • What is the primary function of the nasal cavity?

  • To serve as a backup airway
  • To form sounds for speech
  • To trap particles in the air
  • To heat and humidify the air (correct)

    • What is the basic structure of the trachea?

  • Double Y-shaped upper and lower airway
  • Smooth muscle and connective tissue
  • C-shaped bone rings stacked up (correct)
  • Divides into two bronchi

    • What is the function of the epiglottis?

    <p>To cover the opening of the larynx and protect it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the gas exchange occur in the respiratory system?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the peritoneum lines the walls of the abdomen?

    <p>Parietal peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plexus controls the contractions of the GI tract?

    <p>Myenteric plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors in the GI tract respond to different chemicals?

    <p>Chemoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the mouth aids in the mechanical breakdown of food?

    <p>Tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the periodontal ligament?

    <p>To connect the teeth to the jaw bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about respiration?

    <p>All of the above are true about respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating vital capacity (VC)?

    <p>VC = Total lung capacity - Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the inspiratory reserve volume?

    <p>To inf late all of the alveoli to their maximum volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to chest pressure during inspiration?

    <p>Chest pressure decreases below atmospheric pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in well oxygenated red blood on room air?

    <p>100 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a subdivision of the bronchial tree?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of surfactant in the alveoli?

    <p>To help the alveoli stay open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process that matches blood flow to the alveoli being ventilated?

    <p>Ventilation-perfusion coupling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscles of respiration are responsible for increasing the volume of the chest cavity?

    <p>Diaphragm and intercostals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between volume and pressure in the thorax during ventilation?

    <p>Inverse relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle type is found in the top 1/3 of the esophagus?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the upper esophageal sphincter?

    <p>Regulates food leaving the pharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle type is found in the bottom 1/3 of the esophagus?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lower esophageal sphincter?

    <p>Prevents food from returning to the esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle is found in the middle 1/3 of the esophagus?

    <p>Mixed muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct statement about the right shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>It is caused by the hemoglobin being in tissues with a higher concentration of oxygen than the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct statement about the left shift in the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?

    <p>It is caused by the hemoglobin being in tissues with a lower concentration of oxygen than the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is carbon dioxide primarily transported in the blood?

    <p>As bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mucosa layer in the digestive tract?

    <p>To increase the absorptive area of the GI tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of the digestive tract called?

    <p>Serosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

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