Hematology 2: Platelet Disorders
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism thought to be responsible for Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?

  • Catastrophic activation of the coagulation pathway
  • Excessive pooling of platelets in an enlarged spleen
  • Formation of a microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
  • Activation of platelets and endothelial cells by immune complexes (correct)
  • Which condition is caused by an autoantibody to a protease enzyme responsible for cleaving von Willebrand factor?

  • Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) (correct)
  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  • Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
  • Primary hemostasis (Platelet plug formation)
  • Which test is sensitive to factors I, II, VII, V, and X?

  • Prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT)
  • APTT
  • Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
  • PT/INR (correct)
  • What does a prolonged prothrombin time indicate?

    <p>Vitamin K deficiency or liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is due to a deficiency of coagulation factor VIII?

    <p>Haemophilia A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the target INR range for patients taking warfarin?

    <p>2.0 - 3.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for warfarin?

    <p>Vitamin K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anticoagulant does not require laboratory monitoring?

    <p>Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)' can result in which of the following?

    <p>Fluctuating neurological signs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Disseminated intravascular coagulation' usually occurs as a result of catastrophic activation of which pathway?

    <p>(Coagulation pathway)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is a common cause of acquired platelet dysfunction?

    <p>Aspirin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens as a result of local vasoconstriction following an injury to blood vessels?

    <p>Platelet plug formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of platelet disorder can be caused by decreased production of platelets due to suppression or failure of the bone marrow?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent cause of an isolated thrombocytopenia without anaemia or neutropenia?

    <p>Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which age group does idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) often present insidiously in adults?

    <p>Women aged 15-50 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a rare complication of blood transfusion?

    <p>Post-transfusion purpura (PTP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of autoantibody is usually produced in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

    <p>IgG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder is the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia due to decreased production of platelets?

    <p>Aplastic anaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commonest cause of thrombocytopenia due to increased platelet consumption?

    <p>Immune mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition often follows a viral infection in children and presents with acute onset of thrombocytopenia?

    <p>Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder presents with an insidious onset, most frequently in women aged 15-50 years, and can be associated with other autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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