30 Questions
Which of the following symptoms is not associated with thrombosis?
Petechiae and ecchymosis on skin
What is the initial event in the main problem described?
Sx thrombi
What is the primary cause of poor clotting in liver disease?
Poor production of clotting factors
What is the recommended treatment for clotting in lungs or kidney (or brain)?
Fibrinolytics
What is the consequence of depleted platelet stores?
Widespread bleeding
Which organ is responsible for making most of the clotting factors?
Liver
What is the recommended treatment for poor clotting due to liver disease?
Plasma transfusion
What is the consequence of thrombosis at pulmonary capillaries?
Dyspnea
What is the primary cause of poor clotting in liver disease?
Poor production of clotting factors
What are the specific clotting factors that result in enzymatic cleavage of fibrinogen?
Factor X and Factor XI
Why does a normal platelet count not ensure adequate platelet function?
Platelet aggregation disorders may be present
What proteins/cells/vitamins are needed for proper clotting and where do they come from?
Factor VIII from liver, Factor IX from platelets, Vitamin K from diet
What are the causes and symptoms of thrombocytopenia?
Causes: decreased platelet production; Symptoms: increased risk of bleeding
What treatments or disease states lead to coagulation disorders?
Liver disease; Factor V Leiden mutation
What are the roles of the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in clotting?
Intrinsic: initiated by tissue factor; Extrinsic: initiated by exposed collagen
What are the steps in hemostasis?
Vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, coagulation, clot retraction
Which pathway of coagulation is dependent on vitamin K?
Common pathway
What is the primary role of platelets in hemostasis?
Aggregating at the site of injury
Which process is initiated shortly after clot formation?
Fibrinolysis
What is the key organ responsible for synthesizing most coagulation factors?
Liver
Which lab finding is used to evaluate the extrinsic pathway of coagulation?
Prothrombin time (PT)
What does hemostasis involve?
Vessel walls, platelets, and coagulation proteins
What can hemostasis lead to with excessive clotting or bleeding?
Thrombosis
Which disorder presents as chronic dilation of capillaries with localized red or purple lesions?
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia
What are the characteristics of Hemophilia A and B?
Factor VIII and IX deficiencies, leading to bleeding, hemarthrosis, and joint deformities
What does D dimer measure in the body?
Factors in clotting pathways, indicating high fibrin degradation products
What are the possible causes of vascular disorders such as purpura?
Drug-induced, autoimmune, or related to connective tissue disorders
What are the etiological factors of Thrombocytopenia?
Decreased production, survival, pooling in the spleen, and dilution due to transfusions
What are the potential consequences of Thrombocytosis?
Transient, secondary, or primary, leading to hemorrhage, occlusion of vessels, and tissue necrosis
What do qualitative platelet disorders such as von Willebrand disease, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, and thrombasthenia result in?
Bleeding and increased bleeding time
Study Notes
Coagulation and Platelet Disorders Overview
- D dimer measures factors in clotting pathways, indicating high fibrin degradation products in the body
- PT and PTT interpretations for bleeding or clotting syndromes include examples of conditions associated with prolonged or normal results
- Vascular disorders such as purpura can be drug-induced, autoimmune, or related to connective tissue disorders
- Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia presents as chronic dilation of capillaries, with localized red or purple lesions
- Thrombocytopenia's etiology includes decreased production, survival, pooling in the spleen, and dilution due to transfusions
- Thrombocytosis can be transient, secondary, or primary, leading to hemorrhage, occlusion of vessels, and tissue necrosis
- Qualitative platelet disorders include von Willebrand disease, Bernard-Soulier syndrome, and thrombasthenia, resulting in bleeding and increased bleeding time
- Hemophilia A and B are characterized by factor VIII and IX deficiencies, leading to bleeding, hemarthrosis, and joint deformities
- DIC involves widespread clotting and fibrinolysis, associated with snakebites, malignancy, transfusion reactions, and shock
- Measures and interpretations of PT, PTT, D dimer, and platelet counts are essential for diagnosing coagulation and platelet disorders
- Treatment options for these disorders include drug therapy, transfusions, injury prevention, and administration of deficient factors
- Understanding the etiology, symptoms, and treatment options for coagulation and platelet disorders is crucial for effective management and patient care
Test your knowledge of coagulation and platelet disorders with this informative quiz. Explore key concepts such as D dimer, PT and PTT interpretations, vascular disorders, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, qualitative platelet disorders, hemophilia, DIC, diagnostic measures, and treatment options. Gain a deeper understanding of the etiology, symptoms, and management of these important medical conditions.
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