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Hematologic System and Blood Diseases

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of plasma in the hematologic system?

To produce platelet factor 3

To regulate acid-base balance and immune responses (correct)

To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

To protect against infection and inflammation

What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

To regulate blood flow to the tissues

To initiate compensatory physiologic adaptations

To increase oxygen carrying capacity of the blood (correct)

To maintain blood volume

What is the definition of anemia?

Increased platelet count in blood

Increased hemoglobin concentration in blood

Reduced hemoglobin concentration in blood below the lower limit of the normal range (correct)

Decreased white blood cell count in blood

What is the lower extreme of the normal hemoglobin level for males?

13.0 g/dl Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of tissue hypoxia in anemia?

Decreased oxygen carrying capacity of the blood Signup and view all the answers

Which tissues are most affected by anemia due to their high oxygen requirement?

Heart, CNS, and skeletal muscle during exercise Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a decrease in the number of red blood cells?

Anemia Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of platelets in the hematologic system?

To interact with plasma and coagulation factors to control bleeding Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of microcytic, hypochromic anaemia?

Small red cells with decreased haemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of megaloblastic anaemia?

Deficiency of vitamin B12 or folic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of anaemia based on red cell size and haemoglobin content?

Morphologic classification Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic sign of anaemia?

Pallor Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of anaemia of chronic disorders?

Impaired red cell formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic symptom of anaemia in older patients?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of anaemia based on etiology?

Etiologic classification Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of normocytic, normochromic anaemia?

Normal red cells with normal haemoglobin Signup and view all the answers