Chapter 13 - Environmental Emergencies
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Questions and Answers

Immediate emergency medical care for a patient who has heatstroke should consist of:

  • maintaining the patient's ABCs, then lowering the body temperature as quickly as possible. (correct)
  • arranging for rapid transport to the hospital.
  • calling for help.
  • giving the patient a drink of cool water and then treating for shock.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of mild shock caused by heat exhaustion?

  • The patient's feet and legs should not be elevated.
  • The patient should be soaked in cold water.
  • Monitoring the patient's ABCs is usually not necessary.
  • The patient should be given a drink of cool water unless he or she is unconscious, nauseated, or vomiting. (correct)

Which of the following signs and symptoms is associated with hypothermia?

  • Elevated body temperature
  • Bright red skin
  • Agitation
  • Sleepiness (correct)

Your first step in caring for a patient with hypothermia should be to:

<p>move the patient to a warmer location and remove any wet clothing. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient who is suffering from hypothermia may become unconscious at what body core temperature?

<p>80° to 88°F (27° to 31°C) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The signs and symptoms of dizziness, nausea, profuse sweating, and a weak pulse indicate:

<p>heat exhaustion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The symptoms of hot and flushed skin, loss of consciousness, and high body temperature are indications of:

<p>heatstroke. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is false regarding frostbite?

<p>It occurs only after an extended exposure to cold in an outdoor environment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a person's body is not able to produce enough energy to keep its core temperature at a satisfactory level, the person has:

<p>hypothermia.. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient's symptoms include shivering, sleepiness, and feeling cold. These symptoms indicate:

<p>hypothermia. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding drowning is false?

<p>Alcohol consumption is not a contributing factor in drowning incidents involving teenagers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When you encounter a person who has been submerged in cold water for an extended period of time:

<p>CPR should be started and continued until the patient is delivered to an appropriate medical facility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is false regarding electrical injuries from a lightning strike?

<p>Cardiac problems are only seen within the first hour after the strike. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the assessment of a patient with an environmental emergency is false?

<p>The patient is usually aware of the various aspects of his or her problems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a sign or symptom of a submersion injury?

<p>Diarrhea (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Heatstroke

Life-threatening condition where the body overheats; requires immediate cooling.

Heatstroke treatment

Prioritize ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) then rapidly cool the patient.

Heat Exhaustion

Milder form of heat illness with symptoms like dizziness and nausea.

Heat Exhaustion Treatment

Cool water and rest, unless the patient is unconscious, nauseated, or vomiting.

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Hypothermia

Shivering, sleepiness, and confusion due to a dangerously low body temperature.

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Initial hypothermia care

Move to a warmer location and remove any wet clothing.

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Hypothermia unconsciousness temp

About 80° to 88°F ($27°$ to $31°C$)

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Heat Exhaustion signs

Dizziness, nausea, profuse sweating, and a weak, rapid pulse.

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Heatstroke signs

Hot and flushed skin, loss of consciousness, and high body temperature.

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Frostbite facts

Localized tissue freezing. Wind speed is a contributing factor and face may also be affected.

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Hypothermia Defined

Condition where the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, resulting in a dangerously low body temperature.

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Early hypothermia symptoms

Shivering, sleepiness, and feeling cold.

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Drowning and alcohol

Alcohol is a contributing factor.

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Cold water submersion

CPR should be started and continued until the patient is delivered to an appropriate medical facility.

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Lightning strike timing

Cardiac problems are seen immediately after a lightning strike.

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Environmental emergency assessment

The patient is usually aware of the various aspects of his or her problems.

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Not a symptom of submersion.

Diarrhea

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Heat Cramps

Involuntary muscle spasms due to electrolyte imbalance from heat exposure.

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Treating heat cramps

Stopping the activity, moving to a cooler place, and drinking fluids with electrolytes can help alleviate it.

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Heatstroke definition

Inability of body to cool itself

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Heat exhaustion signs

Excessive sweating, rapid pulse and breathing are signs of heat exhaustion.

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Treating hypothermia

Remove wet clothes and warm the patient gradually

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Hypothermia definition

Core body temp below 95°F.

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High humidity dangers

High humidity prevents sweat from evaporating and cooling the body.

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Symptoms of hypothermia

Confusion, shivering and memory loss

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Adjusting acclimatization

High altitude changes

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Frostbite First aid

Remove the patient to warmer location.

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Hypothermia causes

The body losing heat is unable to provide warmth.

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Hypothermia indicators.

Shivering, sleepiness and feeling cold

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Lightning strike aftermath.

Cardiac problem is seen immediately.

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Study Notes

  • Immediate emergency medical care for heatstroke involves maintaining the patient's ABCs, then lowering the body temperature as quickly as possible.
  • Treatment for mild shock caused by heat exhaustion includes giving the patient a drink of cool water unless they are unconscious, nauseated, or vomiting.
  • Sleepiness is a sign and symptom associated with hypothermia.
  • First aid for a patient with hypothermia should include moving the patient to a warmer location and removing any wet clothing.
  • A hypothermic patient may become unconscious when their body core temperature drops to 80° to 88°F (27° to 31°C).
  • Dizziness, nausea, profuse sweating, and a weak pulse indicate heat exhaustion.
  • Hot and flushed skin, loss of consciousness, and high body temperature are indications of heatstroke.
  • Concerning frostbite, it is false that it occurs only after extended exposure to cold in an outdoor environment, as other factors can increase susceptibility.
  • If a person's body cannot produce enough energy to maintain its core temperature at a satisfactory level, the person has hypothermia.
  • Shivering, sleepiness, and feeling cold are symptoms of hypothermia.
  • In regards to drowning, alcohol consumption is a contributing factor in drowning incidents involving teenagers.
  • When encountering a person who submerged in cold water for an extended period, CPR should be started and continued until the patient is delivered to an appropriate medical facility.
  • In regards to electrical injuries from a lightning strike: cardiac problems should only are not only seen within the first hour after the strike.
  • During an environmental emergency assessment, the patient isn't usually aware of their problems.
  • Diarrhea isn't a sign or symptom of a submersion injury.

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Learn to provide immediate medical care for heatstroke, heat exhaustion, hypothermia and frostbite including maintaining the patient's ABCs and lowering body temperature. Recognize the signs and symptoms of these conditions and learn appropriate first aid measures.

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