Heart Development in Embryogenesis

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During which day of gestation do progenitor heart cells migrate through the primitive streak on?

16 (correct)
20
14
18

What is being established for the entire embryo around the same time that patterning of heart cells occurs?

Anterior-posterior axis
Head-tail axis
Dorsal-ventral axis
Left-right sidedness (correct)

What is the term for the group of cells that will give rise to the right ventricle and outflow tract?

Secondary heart field (correct)
Primary heart field
Septum transversum
Cardiogenic plate

What is the name of the structure that will eventually form the conus cordis and truncus arteriosus?

Conotruncal region (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of cells that will give rise to the heart and other mesodermal derivatives?

Splanchnic mesoderm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that is formed from the fusion of the lateral plate mesoderm?

Septum transversum (B) Signup and view all the answers

What develops into the dorsal aortae?

Pericardial blood islands (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two heart fields that constitute the cardiac progenitor cells?

Primary dorsal heart field and secondary pharyngeal heart field (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the development of blood and blood vessels?

Angiogenesis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the earliest stage at which the heart components can be identified?

Day 18 of embryonic development (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the veins that return blood to the heart from the anterior, common, and posterior regions of the embryo?

Cardinal veins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that receives blood from the vitelline and umbilical veins?

Sinus venosus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the region where cardiac myoblasts and blood islands are formed?

Cardiogenic mesoderm (D) Signup and view all the answers

What process leads to the formation of blood vessels from blood islands?

Vasculogenesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the cavity that develops into the pericardial cavity?

Intraembryonic cavity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the PHF?

Induction of cardiac myoblasts and blood islands (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the endothelial-lined tube formed from blood islands?

Horseshoe-shaped (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the underlying pharyngeal endoderm?

Induction of cardiac myoblasts and blood islands (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the growth of the brain and cephalic folding of the embryo?

The heart and pericardial cavity move first to the cervical region and finally to the thorax. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What forms the muscular wall of the heart?

Myocardium (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is derived from the surface of the sinus venosus?

Epicardium (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the merging of the caudal regions of the heart tube?

Formation of the medial umbilical ligaments (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sac that is formed by the separation of the endocarcells from the mesoderm?

Aortic sac (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tube that forms the heart?

Heart tube (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the heart where it receives venous drainage?

Caudal pole (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of the central part of the horseshoe-shaped tube?

It forms the future outflow tract (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the external layer of the embryonic heart tube?

Epicardium (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where does the heart tube eventually come to lie?

Ventral to the foregut (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the pericardial cavity?

From the splanchnic mesoderm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the myocardium?

It secretes a layer of extracellular matrix (D) Signup and view all the answers