Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of chronic illness?
What is a characteristic of chronic illness?
Which term best describes a nurse directing a nursing assistant to perform a task?
Which term best describes a nurse directing a nursing assistant to perform a task?
In which setting would you refer to a patient as a 'resident'?
In which setting would you refer to a patient as a 'resident'?
What must a CNA do when assigned a delegated task?
What must a CNA do when assigned a delegated task?
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Which nursing role is able to delegate tasks to both CNAs and LPNs?
Which nursing role is able to delegate tasks to both CNAs and LPNs?
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What does the term 'susceptible host' refer to in the chain of infection?
What does the term 'susceptible host' refer to in the chain of infection?
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Which is the correct order for donning PPE?
Which is the correct order for donning PPE?
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What is the primary role of a nursing assistant (CNA)?
What is the primary role of a nursing assistant (CNA)?
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What must be done after removing PPE?
What must be done after removing PPE?
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In which setting would a patient likely receive care from a hospice agency?
In which setting would a patient likely receive care from a hospice agency?
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Which statement correctly describes the task delegation process?
Which statement correctly describes the task delegation process?
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What might be a psychological consequence for older persons when using PPE?
What might be a psychological consequence for older persons when using PPE?
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Which type of illness is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration?
Which type of illness is characterized by a rapid onset and short duration?
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What does OBRA stand for in the context of patient care?
What does OBRA stand for in the context of patient care?
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What action must be taken when resigning from a job?
What action must be taken when resigning from a job?
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Which of the following best describes 'suffocation'?
Which of the following best describes 'suffocation'?
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What should you do to prevent burns in a healthcare setting?
What should you do to prevent burns in a healthcare setting?
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What is the correct procedure for washing your hands?
What is the correct procedure for washing your hands?
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What does 'RACE' stand for in emergency situations?
What does 'RACE' stand for in emergency situations?
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What is considered a health hazard as per the definition provided?
What is considered a health hazard as per the definition provided?
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Which wristband color indicates a 'Do Not Resuscitate' (DNR) status?
Which wristband color indicates a 'Do Not Resuscitate' (DNR) status?
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What is the primary focus of standard precautions in a healthcare environment?
What is the primary focus of standard precautions in a healthcare environment?
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What is considered a common cause of choking in patients?
What is considered a common cause of choking in patients?
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Which chemical safety precaution should never be taken while disinfecting?
Which chemical safety precaution should never be taken while disinfecting?
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What does the term 'contamination' refer to in healthcare practices?
What does the term 'contamination' refer to in healthcare practices?
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What is a primary responsibility in job safety within a healthcare environment?
What is a primary responsibility in job safety within a healthcare environment?
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What is the purpose of using the 'PASS' technique?
What is the purpose of using the 'PASS' technique?
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What document outlines the expectations and duties of an agency for a nursing assistant?
What document outlines the expectations and duties of an agency for a nursing assistant?
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What must a nursing assistant do if they are assigned a task that may harm a person due to lack of training?
What must a nursing assistant do if they are assigned a task that may harm a person due to lack of training?
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What is the primary focus of the five rights of delegation in nursing care?
What is the primary focus of the five rights of delegation in nursing care?
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Which of the following actions would be considered emotional or psychological abuse?
Which of the following actions would be considered emotional or psychological abuse?
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What is the legal definition of battery in the context of nursing assistance?
What is the legal definition of battery in the context of nursing assistance?
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Informed consent is primarily the responsibility of which individual?
Informed consent is primarily the responsibility of which individual?
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Which type of abuse involves the intentional use of force that results in injury?
Which type of abuse involves the intentional use of force that results in injury?
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What term describes an act that involves false statements intended to harm a person's reputation?
What term describes an act that involves false statements intended to harm a person's reputation?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of professional boundaries in nursing assistance?
Which of the following is NOT a component of professional boundaries in nursing assistance?
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How long does a nursing assistant have to work to maintain their certification without retraining?
How long does a nursing assistant have to work to maintain their certification without retraining?
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What is the first step in resolving a conflict in a nursing setting?
What is the first step in resolving a conflict in a nursing setting?
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Which of the following situations might be considered neglect?
Which of the following situations might be considered neglect?
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What is required from a nursing assistant when accepting a delegated task?
What is required from a nursing assistant when accepting a delegated task?
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What type of law primarily addresses relationships between individuals in a care setting?
What type of law primarily addresses relationships between individuals in a care setting?
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What is the main focus of functional nursing?
What is the main focus of functional nursing?
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Which nursing care pattern is primarily responsible for coordinating discharge care?
Which nursing care pattern is primarily responsible for coordinating discharge care?
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What is a key characteristic of memory care units?
What is a key characteristic of memory care units?
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What is the purpose of OBRA in nursing centers?
What is the purpose of OBRA in nursing centers?
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Which of the following is a requirement under OBRA?
Which of the following is a requirement under OBRA?
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Which group of individuals is primarily served by Medicare?
Which group of individuals is primarily served by Medicare?
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What does the term 'involuntary seclusion' refer to?
What does the term 'involuntary seclusion' refer to?
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Identify the primary role of an ombudsman in health care.
Identify the primary role of an ombudsman in health care.
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What right do residents have in relation to privacy?
What right do residents have in relation to privacy?
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What is a key responsibility of nursing assistants during the survey process?
What is a key responsibility of nursing assistants during the survey process?
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Which insurance program is jointly funded by federal and state government for low-income individuals?
Which insurance program is jointly funded by federal and state government for low-income individuals?
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What primarily characterizes patient-focused care?
What primarily characterizes patient-focused care?
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Which emotional state describes individuals needing complete (total) care?
Which emotional state describes individuals needing complete (total) care?
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What is essential for ensuring staff behavior during surveys?
What is essential for ensuring staff behavior during surveys?
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What distinguishes a chronic illness from an acute illness?
What distinguishes a chronic illness from an acute illness?
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Which nursing role is responsible for supervising certified nursing assistants (CNAs)?
Which nursing role is responsible for supervising certified nursing assistants (CNAs)?
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What does the delegation process require a nurse to perform effectively?
What does the delegation process require a nurse to perform effectively?
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What is a primary feature of assisted living residences (ALR)?
What is a primary feature of assisted living residences (ALR)?
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Which of the following correctly describes the role of a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) in a delegation process?
Which of the following correctly describes the role of a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) in a delegation process?
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What is the most effective method to prevent infection?
What is the most effective method to prevent infection?
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Which of the following describes a multidrug resistant organism (MDRO)?
Which of the following describes a multidrug resistant organism (MDRO)?
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What is a characteristic of neglect in a healthcare setting?
What is a characteristic of neglect in a healthcare setting?
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Which statement is true about the Nursing Assistant Training and Competency Evaluation Program (NATCEP)?
Which statement is true about the Nursing Assistant Training and Competency Evaluation Program (NATCEP)?
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Which of the following is NOT true regarding the order of putting on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the order of putting on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
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What should a nursing assistant do to reassure an older person who may be confused or fearful due to PPE usage?
What should a nursing assistant do to reassure an older person who may be confused or fearful due to PPE usage?
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Which of the following correctly describes the steps to removing PPE?
Which of the following correctly describes the steps to removing PPE?
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In the chain of infection, what is the term for the person or animal that carries the pathogen but may not show symptoms?
In the chain of infection, what is the term for the person or animal that carries the pathogen but may not show symptoms?
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Which of the following accurately defines a terminal illness?
Which of the following accurately defines a terminal illness?
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What is the purpose of a biohazard bag in a healthcare setting?
What is the purpose of a biohazard bag in a healthcare setting?
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What is an important psychological impact for residents when staff use PPE?
What is an important psychological impact for residents when staff use PPE?
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Which task falls under the role of a nursing assistant?
Which task falls under the role of a nursing assistant?
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What does the term 'assistive living residence' (ALR) signify?
What does the term 'assistive living residence' (ALR) signify?
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What is the primary focus of team nursing?
What is the primary focus of team nursing?
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Which of the following programs is specifically designed for low-income individuals seeking health coverage?
Which of the following programs is specifically designed for low-income individuals seeking health coverage?
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Which nursing care pattern focuses primarily on the total care of the patient?
Which nursing care pattern focuses primarily on the total care of the patient?
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In what scenario is involuntary seclusion justifiably applied?
In what scenario is involuntary seclusion justifiably applied?
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Which of the following best describes the role of an ombudsman in health care?
Which of the following best describes the role of an ombudsman in health care?
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When a patient is in hospice care, what is the primary focus of their health care?
When a patient is in hospice care, what is the primary focus of their health care?
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Which of the following describes the purpose of OBRA regarding nursing centers?
Which of the following describes the purpose of OBRA regarding nursing centers?
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What does a functional nursing model primarily emphasize?
What does a functional nursing model primarily emphasize?
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Which category of Medicare covers hospital services?
Which category of Medicare covers hospital services?
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Under which circumstance would a nursing assistant NOT be able to refuse a task?
Under which circumstance would a nursing assistant NOT be able to refuse a task?
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Which of these is NOT a required component of competency evaluation after training?
Which of these is NOT a required component of competency evaluation after training?
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What must be guaranteed to residents regarding their privacy during care?
What must be guaranteed to residents regarding their privacy during care?
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What should be done if personal matters interfere with training and job responsibilities?
What should be done if personal matters interfere with training and job responsibilities?
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Which procedure is essential when a patient is choking?
Which procedure is essential when a patient is choking?
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What does a red wristband signify in a nursing care environment?
What does a red wristband signify in a nursing care environment?
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What is the primary purpose of using safety data sheets (SDS)?
What is the primary purpose of using safety data sheets (SDS)?
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Which of the following is a recommended action for preventing burns in a healthcare setting?
Which of the following is a recommended action for preventing burns in a healthcare setting?
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What is the primary focus of primary nursing care?
What is the primary focus of primary nursing care?
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Which procedure must be followed when resigning from a job?
Which procedure must be followed when resigning from a job?
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Which of the following actions represents a boundary violation?
Which of the following actions represents a boundary violation?
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What do the letters in the RACE acronym stand for in emergency situations?
What do the letters in the RACE acronym stand for in emergency situations?
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When might restraints be used on a patient?
When might restraints be used on a patient?
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What type of infection is classified as a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?
What type of infection is classified as a healthcare-associated infection (HAI)?
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What best describes the term 'advocate' in healthcare?
What best describes the term 'advocate' in healthcare?
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What is most likely to result in losing a job in a healthcare setting?
What is most likely to result in losing a job in a healthcare setting?
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What is a necessary action when helping a patient who is choking?
What is a necessary action when helping a patient who is choking?
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What does the term 'sterilization' refer to in healthcare practices?
What does the term 'sterilization' refer to in healthcare practices?
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What does the acronym 'HAI' refer to in healthcare?
What does the acronym 'HAI' refer to in healthcare?
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What does a purple wristband indicate in a healthcare environment?
What does a purple wristband indicate in a healthcare environment?
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What is the main focus of universal precautions in healthcare?
What is the main focus of universal precautions in healthcare?
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Which situation requires the use of gloves?
Which situation requires the use of gloves?
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How should hazardous substances be labeled according to safety standards?
How should hazardous substances be labeled according to safety standards?
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What is the role of a case manager in a healthcare setting?
What is the role of a case manager in a healthcare setting?
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What defines cross contamination in healthcare?
What defines cross contamination in healthcare?
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What should you do if you encounter a leak or spill of hazardous chemicals?
What should you do if you encounter a leak or spill of hazardous chemicals?
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What does the term 'biohazardous waste' refer to?
What does the term 'biohazardous waste' refer to?
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In the context of infection control, what is the importance of hand hygiene?
In the context of infection control, what is the importance of hand hygiene?
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Which of the following is a responsibility of a CNA regarding infection control?
Which of the following is a responsibility of a CNA regarding infection control?
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What does the term 'functional nursing' primarily focus on?
What does the term 'functional nursing' primarily focus on?
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Which of the following terms describes a prolonged state of unconsciousness?
Which of the following terms describes a prolonged state of unconsciousness?
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What does the acronym PASS stand for in relation to fire safety procedures?
What does the acronym PASS stand for in relation to fire safety procedures?
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In nursing care, which group is responsible for providing total care to a patient?
In nursing care, which group is responsible for providing total care to a patient?
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Which of the following is considered a standard precaution?
Which of the following is considered a standard precaution?
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What is typically contained in a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
What is typically contained in a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
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In the event of a spill of hazardous material, what is the immediate action required?
In the event of a spill of hazardous material, what is the immediate action required?
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Which color wristband is associated with fall risk in patients?
Which color wristband is associated with fall risk in patients?
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What is a common requirement when a patient is to be restrained?
What is a common requirement when a patient is to be restrained?
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Which of the following actions represents a violation of patient confidentiality?
Which of the following actions represents a violation of patient confidentiality?
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What is one of the primary roles of the OSHA in a healthcare setting?
What is one of the primary roles of the OSHA in a healthcare setting?
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What does the term 'portal of entry' refer to in the context of pathogens?
What does the term 'portal of entry' refer to in the context of pathogens?
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What is described by the term 'systemic infection'?
What is described by the term 'systemic infection'?
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What does surgical asepsis involve?
What does surgical asepsis involve?
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Which of the following actions is NOT part of proper hand hygiene?
Which of the following actions is NOT part of proper hand hygiene?
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Which condition requires the use of transmission precautions in healthcare settings?
Which condition requires the use of transmission precautions in healthcare settings?
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What must a nursing assistant do if asked to perform a task they have not been trained for?
What must a nursing assistant do if asked to perform a task they have not been trained for?
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Which of the following is considered an intentional tort?
Which of the following is considered an intentional tort?
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Which of the following describes the process of obtaining informed consent?
Which of the following describes the process of obtaining informed consent?
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What is the primary role of maintaining professional boundaries in nursing assistance?
What is the primary role of maintaining professional boundaries in nursing assistance?
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Which of the following best defines emotional or psychological abuse?
Which of the following best defines emotional or psychological abuse?
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What is the correct response if a nursing assistant witnesses suspected elder abuse?
What is the correct response if a nursing assistant witnesses suspected elder abuse?
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What principle is NOT one of the five rights of delegation?
What principle is NOT one of the five rights of delegation?
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Which type of abuse involves the misuse of an elder's financial resources?
Which type of abuse involves the misuse of an elder's financial resources?
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In the context of elder abuse, what does 'neglect' mean?
In the context of elder abuse, what does 'neglect' mean?
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What is the outcome if a nursing assistant does not work for 24 months?
What is the outcome if a nursing assistant does not work for 24 months?
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What does boundary violation refer to in the context of professional relationships?
What does boundary violation refer to in the context of professional relationships?
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Which action describes an unintentional tort?
Which action describes an unintentional tort?
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What defines the term 'defamation' in a healthcare context?
What defines the term 'defamation' in a healthcare context?
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What is the first step in dealing with conflict in a nursing setting?
What is the first step in dealing with conflict in a nursing setting?
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Study Notes
Acute, Chronic, and Terminal Illness
- Acute illness: rapid onset, short duration, expected recovery
- Chronic illness: incurable, preventable
- Terminal illness: likely no recovery
Functional Nursing and Other Care Settings
- Functional nursing: focuses on specific tasks
- Assisted Living Residences (ALRs): provide housing, personal care, home-like setting, independent residents
- Personal care: bathing, dressing, grooming
- Meals: cooking, eating
- Housekeeping
- Personal safety
- Transportation
- Hospitals: patients
- Long-term care centers: residents
Healthcare Team Roles
- Nursing team: registered nurses (RNs), licensed practical nurses (LPNs/LVNs), certified nursing assistants (CNAs)
- Interdisciplinary team: includes health team (doctors, dietitians, physical/occupational therapists, social workers) and nursing team
- Delegation: nurse directs CNA to perform tasks
- CNA can accept or refuse tasks based on knowledge and limits of job description and training. Refusing doesn't mean ignoring a task.
- Registered Nurse (RN): completes nursing program, licensed; can delegate to LPN and CNA
- Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN): completes practical nursing program, licensed; can delegate to CNA
- Licensed Vocational Nurse (LVN): completed vocational nursing program, licensed (used in CA and TX); can delegate to CNA
- Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA): passed training and competency evaluation; performs tasks under RN supervision; cannot delegate.
- Delegation Process:
- Assessment of Needs
- Communication
- Guidance and Assistance
- Follow up and Feedback
Nursing Care Patterns
- Functional nursing: focuses on tasks
- Team nursing: RN leads a team
- Primary nursing: total care of patient
- Case management: coordinates care from admission to discharge
- Patient-focused care: moved from department to patient bedside
Long-Term Care Centers
- For patients recovering from illness or surgery
- May need care until able to return home
- May need ongoing care until death
- Memory care unit: designed for Alzheimer's and dementia; safe wandering area
Hospice Care
- Comfort and quality life for dying person and family
- Usually for less than 6 months to live
Healthcare Financing
- Private insurance: bought by individuals/families
- Group insurance: bought by groups/organizations
- Medicare: federal program for 65+ and young people with certain disabilities
- Part A: hospital, SNF, hospice, home care
- Part B: doctors services, preventive care, optional monthly premium
- Medicaid: jointly funded by state & federal government, low-income
- Marketplace: helps people shop for affordable insurance (ACA - Affordable Care Act)
Care of Older Adults
-
Nursing centers: often care for residents with chronic disease, poor nutrition, memory problems, or poor health
-
Levels of Consciousness/Awareness:
- Alert and oriented
- Confused and disoriented
- Persons needing complete (total care)
- Short term resident
- Persons needing respite care
- Life long resident
- Persons with mental health disorders
- Persons who are terminally ill
Survey Process & Residency Rights
- Focus: ensuring standard care
- Role (surveyor): provide quality care, advocate for resident rights, ensure safety, promote cleanliness, act professionally, follow policies, answer honestly and completely
- OBRA: sets minimum standards for quality of care in nursing centers
- Resident rights: OBRA- maintain and improve person's quality of life; health and safety, protect rights
- Privacy: maintain confidentiality for personal care (bathing, dressing, elimination)
- Advocate: acts on behalf of another person
- Ombudsman: supports needs/interests of another person
- Representative: Person with legal right to act on the patient's behalf
Safety and Prevention
- Accident risk factors: lack of mobility or self-protection
- Patient identification: use two identifiers (name, DOB)
- Preventing burns: watch for smoking, hot liquids, electrical items, hot water
- Preventing poisoning: keep substances out of reach
- Preventing choking: abdominal or chest thrusts depending on patient's status
- Abdominal thrusts
- Chest thrusts (obese/pregnant)
Infection Control
- Contamination: process of becoming unclean
- Pathogen: harmful microbe
- Nonpathogen: doesn't cause infection.
- Healthcare-associated infection (HAI): infection acquired during healthcare
- Hand washing: key practice for preventing spread of infection (20 seconds)
- Universal/Standard Precautions: use in all situations with all patients
- Transmission-based precautions: used when patient has specific infections (Contact, Droplet, Airborne)
- PPE: personal protective equipment (Gowns, Masks, Gloves)
- Proper Donning/Doffing techniques
- Chain of Infection: Source, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Method of Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible Host
Abuse and Neglect
- Elder abuse: intentional, negligent, or knowing harm
- Physical abuse: injury or force
- Neglect: failing to protect from harm (food, water, etc.)
- Financial abuse: misusing resources
- Emotional/psychological abuse: causing mental pain
- Sexual abuse
- Abandonment: leaving person without care
- Intimate partner violence (IPV)
Violence and Safety in the Workplace
- Workplace violence: violence against person at work
- Agitated patients: need careful management
- Fall risk: yellow wristband; allergy: red wristband; DNR: purple wristband
Legal Aspects
- Informed consent: process where person understands treatment and decides to accept or refuse (Doctors obtain consent)
- CNA responsibilities: Witness to consent (not responsible for obtaining it)
Communication and Professionalism
- Dealing with conflict: problem definition, information gathering, solution identification, implementation, evaluation
- Professional appearance: good work ethics; proper attire
Other Key Terms
- Coma, Dementia, Suffocation, Elopement, Paralysis, Disaster
- Hazardous substances handling (SDS/MSDS), labeling
- Clean techniques (medical asepsis), Sterile techniques (surgical asepsis)
- Bloodborne pathogens standard (OSHA)
- Vaccination (Hep B)
- Universal/Standard precautions
- Transmission-based precautions (contact, droplet, airborne) - different precautions for each situation
- Patient Identification (2 patient identifiers required)
- Preventing Burns, Poisoning, Choking
- Preventing Equipment Accidents (Bariatric/EC care)
- Workplace Violence: Agitated patients (yellow, red, & purple wristbands)
Additional Notes
- CNAs do not draw blood, give drugs, or perform sterile procedures
- Specimens are placed in biohazard bags (red with biohazard symbol)
- MRSA (nose), VRE (intestines/rectum), ESBL (urine)
- Competency Evaluation (NATCEP) - initial and ongoing every 24 months.
- CNA Registry maintained by state, for tracking.
- Maintaining Competence (12 hours/year)
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Description
Test your knowledge on different types of illnesses such as acute, chronic, and terminal. Explore various healthcare settings including functional nursing and assisted living. Learn about the roles within the healthcare team and how tasks are delegated among professionals.