Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
Which of the following is an example of primary prevention?
What does health equity aim to achieve?
What does health equity aim to achieve?
Which statement best describes secondary data?
Which statement best describes secondary data?
Which component of the epidemiological triangle focuses on the host's characteristics?
Which component of the epidemiological triangle focuses on the host's characteristics?
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Which type of epidemiological study examines population-level factors?
Which type of epidemiological study examines population-level factors?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pathogens?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pathogens?
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In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which need is prioritized after physiological needs?
In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which need is prioritized after physiological needs?
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Which of the following factors are considered part of the social determinants of health?
Which of the following factors are considered part of the social determinants of health?
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What is herd immunity?
What is herd immunity?
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Which of the following is one of the leading causes of death globally?
Which of the following is one of the leading causes of death globally?
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Which of the following best defines health?
Which of the following best defines health?
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What is the primary focus of health promotion?
What is the primary focus of health promotion?
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Which of the following components is part of the Social Ecological Model?
Which of the following components is part of the Social Ecological Model?
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What distinguishes the public health model from the medical model?
What distinguishes the public health model from the medical model?
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Which term describes the total number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time?
Which term describes the total number of existing cases of a disease in a population at a specific point in time?
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What does community capacity refer to?
What does community capacity refer to?
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Which of the following best describes morbidity?
Which of the following best describes morbidity?
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In public health, interprofessionality primarily involves:
In public health, interprofessionality primarily involves:
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What is the main purpose of understanding social connectedness in community health?
What is the main purpose of understanding social connectedness in community health?
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Which of the following defines incidence in public health?
Which of the following defines incidence in public health?
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Flashcards
Health
Health
A complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
Wellness
Wellness
The active pursuit of optimal health across multiple dimensions: physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and social.
Quality of Life
Quality of Life
A broad concept encompassing overall satisfaction, health status, economic stability, and personal fulfillment.
Social Ecological Model (SEM)
Social Ecological Model (SEM)
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Health Promotion
Health Promotion
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Health Education
Health Education
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Interprofessionality
Interprofessionality
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Public Health Model
Public Health Model
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Incidence
Incidence
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Morbidity
Morbidity
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Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
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Primary Prevention
Primary Prevention
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Secondary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
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Health Disparities
Health Disparities
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Health Equity
Health Equity
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Epidemiological Triangle
Epidemiological Triangle
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Immunity
Immunity
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Herd Immunity
Herd Immunity
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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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Leading Causes of Death
Leading Causes of Death
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Study Notes
Health, Wellness, and Quality of Life
- Health is complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of disease.
- Wellness is the active pursuit of optimal health, encompassing physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and social well-being.
- Quality of life includes overall life satisfaction, health status, economic stability, and personal fulfillment.
Social Ecological Model (SEM) and Applications
- The SEM considers multiple levels influencing health behaviors.
- Individual (knowledge, attitudes, behaviors)
- Interpersonal (relationships, family, social networks)
- Community (schools, workplaces, neighborhoods)
- Organizational (policies within institutions)
- Policy (laws, regulations)
- Applications include obesity prevention, smoking cessation, and violence reduction.
Health Promotion vs. Health Education
- Health Promotion is a broad approach improving health through policy, environment, and education.
- Health Education focuses on knowledge dissemination to encourage healthier behaviors.
Interprofessionality and Multidisciplinary Approach
- Interprofessionality is collaboration among healthcare professionals (doctors, nurses, social workers) for integrated care.
- A multidisciplinary approach involves various fields (epidemiologists, policymakers, community workers) working together on health issues.
Public Health Model vs. Medical Model
- The Public Health Model focuses on prevention, population health, and social determinants.
- The Medical Model focuses on treating individuals through diagnosis and intervention.
Community Capacity and Related Concepts
- Community Capacity is the ability of communities to address health issues.
- Social Connectedness is the strength of relationships and sense of belonging.
- Community Empowerment increases community control over health determinants.
Incidence and Prevalence
- Incidence is the number of new cases in a population over time (cohort studies).
- Prevalence is the total number of existing cases at a specific time (cross-sectional studies).
Morbidity and Mortality
- Morbidity is the presence of disease in a population.
- Measured by incidence rate and prevalence rate.
- Mortality are death rates in a population.
- Measured by crude mortality rate, age-adjusted mortality rate, and cause-specific mortality rate.
Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)
- SDOH are non-medical factors influencing health outcomes.
- Economic stability (income, employment)
- Education (literacy, schooling)
- Health care access (availability of services)
- Neighborhood environment (housing, safety)
- Social context (discrimination, social cohesion)
Types of Prevention
- Primary Prevention prevents disease (vaccines, health education).
- Secondary Prevention detects and intervenes early (screenings, mammograms).
- Tertiary Prevention reduces disease complications (rehabilitation, diabetes management).
Primary and Secondary Data
- Primary Data is collected firsthand (surveys, interviews).
- Secondary Data is pre-existing data (census reports, hospital records).
Health Disparities and Health Equity
- Health disparities are differences in health outcomes due to disadvantages.
- Health Equity ensures fair access to health opportunities.
Epidemiological Triangle
- The Epidemiological Triangle explains disease causes.
- Agent (pathogen/disease-causing factor)
- Host (organism affected)
- Environment (external factors influencing disease spread)
Characteristics of Pathogens
- Virulence: Severity of disease caused.
- Infectivity: Ability to infect a host.
- Pathogenicity: Ability to cause disease.
- Transmission mode (e.g., airborne, vector-borne).
Immunity and Herd Immunity
- Immunity is the body's ability to resist infection.
- Herd Immunity protects non-immune individuals when a high percentage is immune.
Leading Causes of Death
- Global: Heart disease, stroke, lower respiratory infections.
- U.S.: Heart disease, cancer, unintentional injuries.
Health Literacy
- Health literacy is the ability to use health information for decisions.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- A model of human motivation.
- Physiological needs (food, water)
- Safety needs (security, health)
- Love and belonging (relationships)
- Esteem needs (recognition, respect)
- Self-actualization (achieving potential)
Four Types of Epidemiological Studies
- Descriptive (e.g., case reports, cross-sectional studies).
- Analytical (e.g., cohort, case-control studies).
- Experimental (e.g., clinical trials).
- Ecological (examining population-level factors).
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Description
Explore the interconnections between health, wellness, and quality of life in this quiz. Understand the Social Ecological Model and its applications in promoting healthier communities. Delve into the distinctions between health promotion and health education.
