Health Quiz on Scoliosis and Arthritis

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following factors could potentially contribute to the development of scoliosis?

Inadequate calcium levels

Genetic predisposition (correct)

Aging process (correct)

Excessive physical activity

Which symptom is NOT associated with arthritis?

Swelling

Pain

Uneven hips (correct)

Joint stiffness

What treatment options are generally included for managing osteoporosis?

Calcium-rich meals (correct)

Weight reduction

Joint injections

Home remedies

What is a common symptom associated with severe scoliosis?

Rotating spine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a known cause of arthritis?

Excessive calcium intake Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the axial skeleton in the human body?

To protect the internal organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the composition of compact bone?

Dense, hard, and external to all bones Signup and view all the answers

Which function of the skeletal system is primarily associated with the production of blood cells?

Hemopoiesis Signup and view all the answers

Which two types of bone tissue are primarily found within bones?

Compact and spongy Signup and view all the answers

What compound primarily contributes to the strength of bone tissue?

Calcium and phosphorous Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are typically present in an adult human body?

206 Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the connections between bones?

Ligaments Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skeletal system is primarily responsible for providing shape to the body?

The bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of short bones?

To provide support and stability with limited motion Signup and view all the answers

Where are sesamoid bones typically located?

Embedded in tendons at joints Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly defines irregular bones?

They include the bones of the vertebrae and some skull bones Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone is characterized by being longer than they are wide?

Long bones Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones would most likely be classified as a flat bone?

Cranial bones Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of osteoporosis?

Reduction in bone density and quality Signup and view all the answers

Which bones fall under the category of flat bones?

Scapula and sternum Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT associated with long bones?

They are shorter than they are wide Signup and view all the answers

How many irregular bones are generally found in the human body?

33 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary function of flat bones?

To protect internal organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the sternum in the human body?

To form part of the rib cage that protects vital organs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the false ribs?

They are connected to the backbone and not directly to the sternum. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the axial skeleton?

It supports and protects the organs of the head, neck, and trunk. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of the axial skeleton?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes floating ribs from other types of ribs?

They are attached to the backbone but not connected to anything in the front. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bones is part of the upper limb?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

How many cervical vertebrae are present in the human vertebral column?

7 Signup and view all the answers

Which terms refer specifically to the bones that compose the pelvic girdle?

Coxal bones Signup and view all the answers

What type of connective tissue is compact bone classified as?

Connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

In terms of composition, what does the appendicular skeleton include?

Upper limbs, lower limbs, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle Signup and view all the answers

How are the ribs categorized?

True, false, and floating ribs. Signup and view all the answers

Where are the greater and lesser tubercles located?

On the humerus, serving as muscle attachment sites Signup and view all the answers

Which group of vertebrae is located at the lower back region of the spine?

Lumbar Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between male and female pelvis?

The female pelvis has a larger pelvic inlet compared to the male pelvis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical structure that forms a protective cage around upper body organs?

Ribs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categorizations does NOT belong to the types of bones in the body?

Elastic bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of true ribs in the human body?

7 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the axial skeleton?

It includes the pelvic girdle. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the vertebral column?

It is made up of around 33 irregular-shaped bones. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the periosteum in the skeletal system?

To provide a protective layer and aid in the growth of bones. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skeletal System Overview

The skeletal system is comprised of all bones and tissues like tendons, ligaments, and cartilage that connect them.
Babies are born with around 300 bones, but these fuse to form the 206 bones in adults.
The skeletal system has crucial functions including protection, support, movement, shaping the body, producing blood cells, and storing minerals.

Functions of the Skeletal System

Protection: The skull protects the brain and eyes; the rib cage safeguards the heart and lungs; and the vertebrae protect the spinal cord.
Support: The skeletal system provides structural support for the entire body.
Movement: Muscles work with bones via tendons; bones connect to each other using ligaments, creating joints.
Shape: The skeleton defines the body's shape and form.
Blood Production: Bone marrow, located within some bones, creates blood cells.
Mineral Storage: Bones store calcium and phosphorus, releasing them when the body needs them.

Bone Composition

Bones are made of compact and spongy bone tissue.
Compact bone forms the hard, protective outer shell of all bones.
Spongy bone, located within the compact bone, is highly porous and provides flexibility.
Bone tissue contains several cell types embedded in organic salts (mostly calcium and phosphorus) for strength, and collagen fibers granting flexibility.

Bone Tissues

Bone marrow, endosteum, periosteum, nerves, blood vessels, and cartilage are all tissues found within bones.

Divisions of the Skeletal System

The two main categories are the axial and appendicular skeletons.
Axial Skeleton: Forms the central axis of the body, comprising the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum.
Appendicular Skeleton: Comprises bones related to the appendages (limbs) of the body, including the upper limbs (arms) and lower limbs (legs), as well as the shoulder and pelvic girdles.

Axial Skeleton

Skull: A bony structure protecting the brain and the face. It consists of 8 cranial and 14 facial bones.
Vertebral Column: A series of 33 irregular-shaped vertebrae (bones) arranged in five groups: Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral, and Coccygeal. These support the spinal cord and structure the back of the body.
Ribs: 24 curved, flat bones formed into 12 pairs, protecting vital organs. They can be classified as true (1-7), false (8-10), or floating (11-12).
Sternum: A flat, dagger-shaped bone in the center of the chest, forming part of the rib cage, protecting internal organs. This is where the first 7 pairs (true) ribs connect.

Appendicular Skeleton

Upper Limbs: The arms, composed of the humerus (upper arm bone), radius and ulna (forearm bones), carpals (wrist bones), metacarpals (hand bones), and phalanges (finger bones).
Lower Limbs: The legs, including the femur (thigh bone), tibia and fibula (leg bones), tarsals (ankle bones), metatarsals (foot bones), and phalanges (toe bones).
Shoulder Girdle: Made up of two clavicles (collarbones) and two scapulae (shoulder blades).
Pelvic Girdle: Comprised of two coxal bones (hip bones), which connect the lower limbs to the axial skeletal system.

Types of Bones

Long Bones: Longer than wide (e.g., femur, humerus), supporting the body weight.
Short Bones: Roughly cube-shaped (e.g., wrist and ankle bones), offering stability.
Irregular Bones: Varied shape (e.g., vertebrae, facial bones), exhibiting varied functions.
Flat Bones: Thin, flat plates (e.g., skull bones, ribs), providing protection or muscles attachments.
Sesamoid Bones: Embedded in tendons (e.g., patella). They modify pressure and reduce friction.

Diseases

Osteoporosis: Reduced bone density and quality, leading to increased bone fragility and fracture risk. Risk factors include aging, lack of hormones, genetics. Symptoms include back pain, height loss, bent posture, and ease of breaking bones. Treatments include calcium rich foods, vitamin D, exercise, avoiding alcohol and smoking.
Arthritis: Inflammation of the joints. Types include gout and rheumatoid arthritis. Causes may vary from reductions in cartilage to immune system attacks. Symptoms include pain, reduced joint function, stiffness, swelling, redness, and joint tenderness. Treatments may include surgery, home remedies, medications, and in some cases, weight reduction.
Scoliosis: Abnormal curve in the spine or backbone. Causes include birth defects, child growth, aging, injury, or prior spinal surgery. Symptoms include uneven shoulders, uneven hips, a rotating spine, back pain, and difficulty breathing. Treatments vary by severity, including bracing or surgical operation.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the contributing factors of scoliosis and the symptoms associated with arthritis. This quiz covers common treatment options for osteoporosis and helps identify symptoms related to these conditions. Perfect for students and professionals in healthcare.