Health, Illness, and Disability Concepts
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Questions and Answers

What type of case is suitable for the group assignment?

  • A peer-reviewed article
  • A fictional story about disability
  • An academic publication on health
  • A recent news article or personal blog (correct)

Which resources are suggested for finding cases related to disability?

  • Local government reports
  • uOttawa library and Factiva Database (correct)
  • Personal interviews with individuals
  • Social media platforms

What is a recommended method to search for news articles about disability?

  • Look for academic journals
  • Visit public libraries
  • Ask professors for leads
  • Use a google search with specific keywords (correct)

Which of the following would NOT be an appropriate source for the group assignment?

<p>A historical novel about disability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world's population reports some form of disability?

<p>15% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What perspective does the traditional Cree Woman's statement suggest about the concept of normalcy?

<p>Cultural beliefs shape the understanding of normalcy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the moral/religious model imply in the context of disabilities?

<p>Disabilities are a result of personal failings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a key aspect of the traditional Cree Woman's viewpoint regarding abnormality?

<p>It varies vastly from culture to culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way that disabilities are perceived in certain belief systems?

<p>A result of bad behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Hinduism interpret the concept of disabilities?

<p>As faults to be endured from prior lives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stance does the statement made by the traditional Cree Woman imply about societal labels?

<p>Cultural perceptions can challenge the use of labels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the content suggest about the role of culture in defining abnormality?

<p>Cultural context is essential in understanding abnormality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Christianity, what does Jesus' action of curing the paralysed man signify?

<p>The connection between sin and suffering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common belief ties disability to moral implications across different religions?

<p>Disability is a punishment for evil actions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying human need is often associated with the attribution of disabilities?

<p>Need to find explanations for suffering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What underlying theme is reflected in the explanations individuals give for their neurological impairments?

<p>Moral and religious interpretations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements illustrates a moral interpretation of a neurological lesion?

<p>I was saved for a reason. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might an individual interpret their neurological condition as a form of punishment?

<p>They feel it is due to past mistakes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common belief held by individuals regarding their neurological conditions?

<p>It is a part of an individual's life journey. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of explanation for a neurological lesion is least likely to be considered a moral or religious interpretation?

<p>It is a result of genetic predisposition. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the original name of the Council of Canadians with Disabilities?

<p>Coalition of Provincial Organizations of the Handicapped (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which act affirms that all Canadians have equal rights regardless of disability?

<p>Canadian Human Rights Act (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the International Year of Disabled Persons declared by the United Nations?

<p>1981 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of Disability Studies as a field?

<p>Studying social inclusion processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was established by the Ontario government in 1975 to consult with individuals with disabilities?

<p>Ontario Advisory Council for the Physically Handicapped (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of health according to the WHO?

<p>A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year was the WHO's definition of health adopted?

<p>1946 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'handicap' relate to according to its historical context?

<p>A social construct regarding disability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to recent studies, what is a significant issue regarding people with disabilities in research?

<p>They are unjustly excluded from Randomized Control Trials (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'impairment' generally refer to?

<p>A loss of normal function or ability in an individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Health

The state of being free from illness or injury.

Illness

A state of poor health, usually brought on by disease or injury.

Handicap/Disability

A physical or mental condition that limits a person's abilities. Refers to the limitations imposed on an individual by their disability.

Case Study

A group assignment that uses real-world examples of disability.

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Global Disability Prevalence

A significant portion of the global population experiences some form of disability.

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Disability Rights Movement

The process of recognizing and addressing the needs and rights of individuals with disabilities.

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Disability advocacy groups

Organizations dedicated to advocating for the rights and well-being of people with disabilities.

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Disability as a legal term

The formal acceptance of disability as a protected characteristic in legislation and policy.

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Disability Studies

A multidisciplinary field that examines the social, cultural, and political aspects of disability.

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Social model of disability

The idea that disability arises from societal barriers, not individual limitations.

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Traditional Cree Culture and Abnormality

In traditional Cree culture, there is no concept of abnormality or being different.

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Moral/Religious Model of Disability

This model views disability as a moral failing or punishment.

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Medical Model of Disability

This model focuses on the individual's biological or psychological differences.

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Inclusive Model of Disability

This model promotes the idea of including and valuing people with disabilities.

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Moral/Religious Interpretations of Impairment

When individuals with neurological impairments seek meaning and purpose in their condition, often attributing it to divine intervention or fate.

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"This happened for a reason"

A belief that an individual's neurological impairment serves a specific purpose, often with a positive or divinely guided meaning.

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"I was saved for a reason"

A belief that an individual's neurological impairment was intended to protect them from a potentially worse fate, emphasizing a sense of divine preservation.

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"I take it as a form of punishment"

A belief that an individual's neurological impairment is a punishment for past transgressions or misconduct.

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Moral/Religious Explanations for Impairment

Seeking explanations for impairment in spiritual or divine frameworks, often through religious beliefs or personal interpretations of fate.

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Attribution of Cause to Disability

A common human desire to understand why things happen. For disabilities, this need often leads to explanations rooted in beliefs about retribution or punishment.

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Disability as Punishment

The belief that disabilities are the result of divine punishment for past wrongdoing or evil spirits. This perspective is often rooted in religious or spiritual beliefs.

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Jesus and Paralysis in the New Testament

The story of Jesus healing a paralyzed man by forgiving his sins illustrates a belief that disabilities can be linked to sin and that divine forgiveness can bring healing.

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Disability and Karma in Hinduism

In Hinduism, disabilities are viewed as consequences of past actions or flaws that need to be endured to make amends for past sins. This perspective emphasizes the cyclical nature of karma.

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Negative Attributes of Disability

The persistent belief that disabilities are caused by something negative, whether it's sin, evil spirits, or flaws in character, reflects a lack of understanding and can lead to stigma and discrimination.

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Health (WHO Definition)

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just the absence of illness or injury. This definition highlights health as a holistic concept encompassing all aspects of a person's life. It emphasizes that health is more than just the lack of disease, and it promotes a positive approach to well-being.

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Impairment

The impairment refers to a problem in body function or structure; an abnormality at the organ level. It is simply a description of a body's state without necessarily implying any limitations. For example, a missing limb is an impairment, but it doesn't automatically mean a person is disabled.

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Disability

A disability is a restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. It's not just a medical problem, but also about how societal factors and the environment affect a person's ability to participate in life.

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Handicap

A handicap is a disadvantage experienced by an individual, resulting from an impairment or disability, that limits their ability to participate fully in society. It is a disadvantage that stems from limitations imposed by society, not just the individual's impairment.

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Study Notes

Concepts of Health, Illness, and Handicap/Disability

  • 16% of the world's population reports some form of disability.
  • The concept of health, illness, and handicap/disability has changed over time.
  • An early model was the moral/religious model.
  • In this model, disability was often perceived as a punishment or consequence of past sins or bad behavior.
  • This model led to discrimination and the belief that people with disabilities deserved their fate.
  • Disability was frequently viewed as a sign of divine punishment or an outcome of prior deeds.
  • This perspective had consequences in the form of social exclusion and discriminatory practices against people with disabilities, who were considered undeserving of pity and help, and were often ostracized.
  • Historical interpretations associated infirmity with poverty and dishonesty.
  • Throughout history, the clergy often took care of sick and "handicapped" people but frequently separated those individuals from mainstream society in designated institutions such as hospitals for incurables.
  • The concept of "hand in cap" originated from the practice of exchanging money to support those in need.
  • In sports, handicap is implemented to equalize competition. In some sports, this practice dates back to the 1750s.
  • "Disability" has gradually evolved from a concept tied to moral/religious interpretations to a clinical and social issue.
  • Different cultures have various words to describe the concept of health.
  • The WHO definition of health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
  • This definition hasn't been updated since 1946.
  • Important milestones in the progression of the understanding of handicap/disability include formalization in international organizations, the adoption of the term "disability" by associations, the creation of judicial and political guidelines to recognize the equal rights of people with disabilities and further research within the medical and academic community.
  • The international classification of impairments, disabilities, and handicaps, established in 1980, provided a framework for understanding and addressing the societal and individual aspects of disability.
  • Disability was reclassified in 2001 as an umbrella term encompassing impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions within an individual's surroundings and context.
  • Disability stems from the interplay between personal (individual) and environmental factors relating to their health conditions.
  • This is relevant in understanding disability and designing solutions to overcome barriers that affect people with disabilities in the pursuit of equal rights.

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Related Documents

Concepts of Health, Illness, and Disability PDF

Description

Explore the evolving concepts of health, illness, and disability through history. This quiz highlights the moral and religious interpretations that shaped societal attitudes towards disability and the consequences faced by individuals. Understand how these historical perspectives impacted social inclusion and discrimination.

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