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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Health Belief Model (HBM)?
Self-Efficacy refers to the belief in one's ability to successfully carry out a desired health action.
True
What are the three components that influence Behavioral Intention in the Theory of Planned Behavior?
Attitude Toward the Behavior, Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control
The belief regarding the seriousness of a disease is known as _____ severity.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What is defined as triggers that prompt the individual to take action?
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Subjective Norms refer to the individual's belief about the likelihood of getting a disease.
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What does Perceived Behavioral Control reflect?
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What is the primary focus of the Asch Conformity Experiment?
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The maintenance stage of change involves actively working to sustain behavior change over time.
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What term is used to describe someone who supports a non-conforming position in a group?
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In the ___ stage of change, the individual is not considering change and may be unaware of the problem.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which of the following describes 'relapse' in the stages of change?
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Self-reevaluation refers to the reflection on one’s self-image with the problem behavior.
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The ___ stage is where the individual no longer feels tempted by the old behavior.
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Study Notes
Health Belief Model (HBM)
- Perceived Susceptibility: A person's belief about how likely they are to experience a certain health outcome.
- Perceived Severity: The individual's perception of the seriousness of the disease or condition and its potential consequences.
- Perceived Benefits: The individual's belief that taking action to reduce the risk or seriousness of the disease will lead to positive results.
- Perceived Barriers: The individual's perception of obstacles or costs (like time, money, or effort) associated with taking action.
- Cues to Action: Triggers that prompt the individual to take action, such as reminders, advice, or even experiencing symptoms.
- Self-Efficacy: The individual's confidence in their ability to successfully implement a desired health behavior.
- Modifying Factors: These are broader factors like age, income, knowledge, and education that can influence a person's perceptions of the above factors.
Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
- Attitude Toward the Behavior: The individual's overall positive or negative feelings about performing the behavior.
- Subjective Norms: The perceived social pressure to perform or not perform the behavior, arising from the beliefs and expectations of important others.
- Perceived Behavioral Control: The individual's perceived ease or difficulty of performing the behavior, based on their past experiences and anticipated obstacles.
- Behavioral Intention: The individual's motivation or intention to perform the behavior, influenced by their attitude, subjective norms, and perceived control.
- Actual Behavioral Control: The individual's actual ability to perform the behavior, which may include resources, skills, and opportunities.
Conformity
- Normative Social Influence: Conformity stemming from the desire to be liked and accepted by the group.
- Informational Social Influence: Conforming because one believes that the group's behavior or opinions are correct, especially in ambiguous situations.
- Compliance: Publicly conforming to others' requests or expectations, while privately disagreeing.
- Private Acceptance: Conforming by internally agreeing with the group's behavior or attitudes, even without external pressure.
- Social Norms: The accepted behavior patterns or rules within a social group that influence individual behavior.
- Peer Pressure: The direct or indirect pressure from peers to conform to certain behaviors, values, or norms.
- Asch Conformity Experiment: A classic study demonstrating that individuals can conform to a group's incorrect answers even when they know the correct answer.
- Ally: An individual who supports the non-conforming position, reducing the pressure to conform.
Stages of Change (Transtheoretical Model)
- Precontemplation: The individual is unaware of the problem or not considering change.
- Contemplation: The individual is aware of the problem and considering change, but hasn't committed to action.
- Preparation: The individual intends to take action soon and may be making small steps toward change.
- Action: The individual has made specific, overt modifications to their behavior to address the issue.
- Maintenance: The individual is working to sustain the behavior change over time and prevent relapse.
- Relapse: A return to old behaviors after initial efforts to change, which can occur during or after the maintenance stage.
- Termination: The individual no longer feels tempted by the old behavior and has complete self-control over it.
- Decisional Balance: Weighing the pros and cons of changing a behavior; a key motivator for change.
- Self-Efficacy: Confidence in the ability to maintain behavior change in difficult situations.
- Processes of Change: Cognitive and behavioral activities used to progress through the stages of change.
Processes of Change
- Consciousness Raising: Increasing awareness of the causes, consequences, and solutions related to a problem behavior.
- Dramatic Relief: Experiencing emotional arousal about the behavior, potentially leading to relief from reducing or eliminating it.
- Self-Reevaluation: Reflecting on one's self-image with and without the problem behavior.
- Environmental Reevaluation: Recognizing how the behavior affects one's social and physical environment.
- Self-Liberation: Committing to action or believing in the ability to change.
- Social Liberation: Awareness and acceptance of new alternatives in the external environment that support change.
- Counterconditioning: Replacing the problem behavior with a healthier alternative behavior.
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Description
Explore the key components of the Health Belief Model (HBM) which helps explain health behaviors. This quiz covers concepts such as perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, self-efficacy, and modifying factors. Understand how these elements interact to influence individual health decisions.
