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What does the Health Belief Model primarily aim to explain?
The Health Belief Model was developed in 1950 by the World Health Organization.
False
Who were the primary developers of the Health Belief Model?
Irwin M. Rosenstock, Godfrey M. Hochbaum, S. Stephen Kegeles, and Howard Leventhal
According to the Health Belief Model, a person's belief in their __________ to an illness influences whether they will take action.
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Match the following terms with their descriptions:
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Which of the following best describes perceived susceptibility?
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Perceived severity refers to how beneficial a person believes an action will be.
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What is self-efficacy?
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The two factors regarding health behaviors are the desire to avoid illness and the belief that a specific health action will ______.
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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Study Notes
Health Belief Model
- Developed by the United States Public Health Services in 1950
- Explains and predicts individual changes in health behaviors
- States that a person's belief in the susceptibility of an illness plus their belief in the effectiveness of behavior to combat it determines whether they will act on it.
Components of the Health Belief Model
- Perceived Susceptibility: A person's perceived threat or vulnerability to a disease or problem.
- Perceived Severity: The perceived degree or level of damage or consequence to the disease or problem if they do not act on it.
- Perceived Benefits: The advantages or rewards of performing the act.
- Perceived Barriers to Action: Challenges, hindrances, or limitations to performing the act.
- Action Cues: Factors that may lead the person to doing it.
- Self-Efficacy: Self-confidence or ability to succeed and experience positive change upon doing the act.
Stages of Change Model
- Also known as the "Behavior change spiral"
- Developed by James Prochaska and Wayne F. Velicer, 1987.
- Outlines the stages of behavior change.
Stages of Change Model Stages
- Precontemplation: The person has not considered to change something.
- Contemplation: Something occurred that made the person think about altering or changing.
- Preparation: "Check-and-balance" strategy; weighing the "pros" and "cons" of undergoing change
- Action: Transformation begins.
- Maintenance: Consistency and enhancement are at the core of any change.
Social Cognitive Theory
- Known before as "Social Learning Theory"
- One of the oft-mentioned (research and practice) theories in psychology and health communication
- Learning occurs in a social context with a dynamic and reciprocal interaction of the person, environment, and behavior.
Social Cognitive Theory Components
- Self-efficacy: The person's belief in their capability to perform a behavior
- Behavioral capability: Having the skills necessary to perform a behavior
- Expectancies: Anticipated outcomes of performing a behavior
- Observational learning: Learning by observing the behavior of others
- Reinforcement: The consequences of a behavior that increase the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.
- Self-control: The ability to regulate one's own behavior.
Factors that Influence Health Behavior
- The desire to avoid illness or, conversely, get well if already ill.
- The belief that a specific health action will prevent or cure illness.
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Description
Explore the Health Belief Model, developed by the United States Public Health Services, which explains individual health behavior changes. The model emphasizes the impact of perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy on health-related decisions.
