Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the primary focus of health promotion and risk reduction related to the head and neck, according to the learning objectives?
Which of the following is the primary focus of health promotion and risk reduction related to the head and neck, according to the learning objectives?
- Detailed anatomical study of cranial nerves.
- Strategies for preventing head injuries and promoting thyroid health. (correct)
- Pharmaceutical interventions for headache management.
- Advanced surgical techniques for neck masses.
When collecting subjective data related to the head and neck, which of the following chief complaints is most important to document?
When collecting subjective data related to the head and neck, which of the following chief complaints is most important to document?
- Frequency of dental check-ups.
- Patient preference for pillow firmness.
- Exposure to seasonal allergens.
- History of present headache, head trauma, neck pain, neck masses or thyroid dysfunction. (correct)
Which physical examination technique is used to collect objective data related to the scalp, cranium, facial structures, and neck?
Which physical examination technique is used to collect objective data related to the scalp, cranium, facial structures, and neck?
- Auscultation and percussion only.
- Inspection and palpation. (correct)
- Radiography and endoscopy.
- Chemical analysis and biopsy.
Upon palpation of the neck, a nurse identifies an enlarged, firm, and non-tender lymph node. What is the most appropriate initial action?
Upon palpation of the neck, a nurse identifies an enlarged, firm, and non-tender lymph node. What is the most appropriate initial action?
A patient presents with persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and a palpable mass in the anterior neck. After initial assessment, which of the following diagnostic tests would be MOST critical to differentiate between benign and malignant etiologies?
A patient presents with persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and a palpable mass in the anterior neck. After initial assessment, which of the following diagnostic tests would be MOST critical to differentiate between benign and malignant etiologies?
When assessing the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), what finding would be considered abnormal?
When assessing the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), what finding would be considered abnormal?
Which sequence represents the most common and logical order for a nurse to follow when assessing a patient's head and neck, integrating inspection and palpation techniques?
Which sequence represents the most common and logical order for a nurse to follow when assessing a patient's head and neck, integrating inspection and palpation techniques?
A patient presents with suspected thyroid dysfunction. Besides palpation, which assessment technique would provide additional data about potential nodules or enlargement?
A patient presents with suspected thyroid dysfunction. Besides palpation, which assessment technique would provide additional data about potential nodules or enlargement?
A client reports persistent neck pain and fatigue. Palpation reveals enlarged and tender supraclavicular lymph nodes. Given this finding, which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize?
A client reports persistent neck pain and fatigue. Palpation reveals enlarged and tender supraclavicular lymph nodes. Given this finding, which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize?
Following a motor vehicle accident, a patient presents with suspected whiplash and reports severe neck pain. Palpation reveals muscle spasm and limited range of motion, but no obvious masses or lesions. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate as the MOST appropriate initial step in managing this patient's condition, prior to diagnostic imaging?
Following a motor vehicle accident, a patient presents with suspected whiplash and reports severe neck pain. Palpation reveals muscle spasm and limited range of motion, but no obvious masses or lesions. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate as the MOST appropriate initial step in managing this patient's condition, prior to diagnostic imaging?
Which of the following systems are assessed when evaluating the head and neck?
Which of the following systems are assessed when evaluating the head and neck?
What anatomical structures are located in the neck region encompassing vertebrae C1-C7?
What anatomical structures are located in the neck region encompassing vertebrae C1-C7?
An older adult patient presents with a visibly exaggerated concave curvature of the upper spine. What is the appropriate term to document this finding?
An older adult patient presents with a visibly exaggerated concave curvature of the upper spine. What is the appropriate term to document this finding?
Which assessment finding of a lymph node warrants immediate investigation for possible malignancy?
Which assessment finding of a lymph node warrants immediate investigation for possible malignancy?
A patient is suspected of having 'thyroid storm'. Which of the following assessment findings is most consistent with this condition?
A patient is suspected of having 'thyroid storm'. Which of the following assessment findings is most consistent with this condition?
What is a key consideration when assessing skin lesions on older adults?
What is a key consideration when assessing skin lesions on older adults?
Which of the following cranial nerves is LEAST likely to be directly assessed during a standard head and neck examination focused on common symptoms like headache, facial pain, or limited neck movement?
Which of the following cranial nerves is LEAST likely to be directly assessed during a standard head and neck examination focused on common symptoms like headache, facial pain, or limited neck movement?
A researcher is designing a study to investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders across different racial and ethnic groups. Based solely on the provided information, what nuance should the researcher consider regarding hyperthyroidism and goiter?
A researcher is designing a study to investigate the prevalence of thyroid disorders across different racial and ethnic groups. Based solely on the provided information, what nuance should the researcher consider regarding hyperthyroidism and goiter?
Flashcards
Chapter 12 Overview
Chapter 12 Overview
The chapter focuses on the anatomy, physiology, assessment, and health promotion related to the head and neck.
Head and Neck Anatomy
Head and Neck Anatomy
Understanding the structures and functions of the head and neck, and how they relate to other body systems.
Subjective Data Topics
Subjective Data Topics
Includes headache, head trauma, neck pain, neck masses, and thyroid dysfunction.
Objective Data Collection
Objective Data Collection
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Documentation
Documentation
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Head Inspection
Head Inspection
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Temporal Artery Palpation
Temporal Artery Palpation
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Neck Inspection
Neck Inspection
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Lymph Node Palpation
Lymph Node Palpation
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Diagnostic Testing
Diagnostic Testing
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Body Systems of Head & Neck
Body Systems of Head & Neck
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Lymph Node Function
Lymph Node Function
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Older Adult Head/Neck Changes
Older Adult Head/Neck Changes
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Kyphosis
Kyphosis
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Thyroid Disorders & Demographics
Thyroid Disorders & Demographics
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Acute Head Injury Response
Acute Head Injury Response
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Concerning Lymph Node Signs
Concerning Lymph Node Signs
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Health Promotion for Head/Neck
Health Promotion for Head/Neck
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Study Notes
- Chapter 12 focuses on the assessment of the head and neck.
Structure and Function
- Structures in the head and neck region interact with multiple body systems, like integumentary, neurological, respiratory, vascular, gastrointestinal, lymphatic, and endocrine systems.
- The head comprises skeletal structures, muscles, blood and nerve supply, and salivary glands
- The neck includes the trachea (windpipe), thyroid and parathyroid glands, and lymphatics, spanning from C1 to C7.
Lymphatics
- Approximately 80 lymph nodes are present in the head and neck region
- Lymph node enlargement indicates inflammation or infection.
Lifespan Considerations for Older Adults
- Bony structures in the head become more pronounced due to decreased subcutaneous fat.
- Skin lesions are more likely, necessitating careful skin cancer assessments, especially in sun-exposed areas.
- Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are more common, with hypothyroidism being more prevalent.
- Thinning hair, exaggerated concave curve of the upper spine (kyphosis), and reduced neck range of motion are also common.
Cultural Variations and Health Disparities
- Skin color and shape of the eyes, nose, and lips vary across different populations.
- Hypo- and hyperthyroidism are more common in females.
- Hyperthyroidism, often characterized by goiter, is more prevalent in females and more common in African Americans than Whites.
- Thyroid cancer is more prevalent in females
- Thyroid cancer is highest among Asian/Pacific Islanders and Whites.
Urgent Assessment
- Acute head injuries and neurological changes require stabilization of the head and neck, and trauma assessments.
- Severe head/neck pain, usually from muscle tension or spasm, warrants caution if accompanied by fever and headache, indicating possible cardiac issues.
- Lymph nodes larger than 1 cm, fixed, irregular, hard, or rubbery require emergency investigation for cancer.
- Hyperthyroidism can lead to thyroid storm or thyroid crisis, causing hypermetabolism in all systems.
- Acute bacterial thyroiditis carries a high risk of airway compromise and thyroid dysfunction.
Subjective Data Collection
- Multiple systems influence structure, function; risk factors and health promotion are very important to assess.
- Includes a personal, medication and family history
- Focus on reducing injury risk, preventing thyroid disorder complications, and early detection of masses or malignant lymph nodes are.
Common Symptoms
- Common symptoms include headaches, neck pain, limited neck movement, vision and hearing issues, facial pain, lumps/masses, hypo/hyperthyroidism, and sleepiness.
Assessment of Head and Face
- Inspect the head for size, shape, and configuration.
- Palpate the head using gloves to assess consistency.
- Inspect the face for symmetry, features, movement, and expression.
- Palpate the temporal artery for tenderness and the temporomandibular joint for swelling or tenderness.
- Assess for malocclusion by instructing the client to open and shut their jaw, exposing their teeth.
- Assess the temporal pulse.
Assessment of Neck
- Inspect the neck for position, symmetry, and the and any presence of lumps or masses.
- Palpate the head and neck lymph nodes, including preauricular, post auricular, occipital, superficial, posterior and deep cervical, supraclavicular, tonsillar, submandibular, and submental nodes.
- Palpate the trachea for position, nodes, and tenderness.
- Palpate and auscultate the thyroid for nodules and tenderness.
Critical Thinking
- Common laboratory and diagnostic tests for the head and neck include CT scans, MRIs, lumbar punctures, and thyroid labs (TSH, T3, T4).
- Diagnostic reasoning involves nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions with collaboration.
- Outcomes include patient verbalizing increased energy and well-being.
- Allow for periods of rest before planned activity.
- Set small, achievable short-term activity goals.
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Description
Chapter 12 covers the assessment of the head and neck region. The head includes skeletal structures, muscles, blood and nerve supply, and salivary glands. The neck includes the trachea, thyroid and parathyroid glands, and lymphatics, spanning from C1 to C7.
