18 Questions
What is the primary difference between motivated and unmotivated workers?
Productivity levels
What do content theories of motivation focus on?
Individual needs or rewards that may satisfy those needs
Which of the following is NOT a type of content theory?
Expectancy theory
What is the primary focus of process theories of motivation?
How motivation works to direct staff's performance
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what type of needs do physiological, safety, and social needs belong to?
Lower-order needs
What is the desire for psychological growth and development associated with in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Self-actualization needs
What is the primary focus of the expectancy theory?
The role of rewards and their relationship to desired behaviors
According to Victor Vroom's expectancy theory, what is a crucial factor in motivating individuals?
The belief that favourable performance will result in a desirable reward
What is the term for the belief that the consequences of one's actions will actually materialize?
Instrumentality
According to the expectancy theory, what determines motivational outcomes?
Perceptions of rewards
What is the term for the perception of capability, or confidence in one's ability to do the work?
Expectancy
How many factors interact to create motivation, according to Vroom's expectancy theory?
Three
What is the primary factor that determines an individual's motivation according to expectancy theory?
Valence
What is the relationship between motivation, expectancy, instrumentality, and valence according to the expectancy theory?
M = E x I x V
According to goal-setting theory, what is the primary motivator for an individual to expend effort?
The goal itself
What is one of the motivational effects of task goals according to goal-setting theory?
Provide a foundation for behavioral self-management
What is one of the key principles in the goal-setting process?
Set specific goals
What happens to motivation if either expectancy, instrumentality, or valence is low?
Motivation will be low
Test your understanding of motivational theories, including what drives human behavior, directs it towards goals, and sustains it over time. Explore content theories and their emphasis on individual needs and rewards.
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