Guidance Principles and Elements

Guidance Outline

• Guidance is a process helping individuals solve problems and choose paths matching abilities and aspirations.
• Guidance addresses psychological, sociological, and educational needs.
• Psychological reasons for guidance include individual differences, developmental stages, personality development, and maximizing opportunities.
• Sociological reasons include proper use of human energy, religious/moral beliefs, promoting democracy, and lacking guidance at home.
• Educational reasons involve helping students in traditional subjects, choosing courses and careers, minimizing wasted time, and assisting exceptional children.

Elements of Guidance

• Focuses on the individual, not the problem.
• Reveals individual abilities.
• Considers individual assets and limitations.
• Facilitates self-development and direction.
• Encourages wise planning for the present and future.
• Promotes adjustment to the environment.
• Aims for success and happiness.

Types of Guidance

• Educational guidance.
• Vocational guidance.
• Personal guidance.
• Social guidance.
• Avocational guidance.
• Health guidance.

Guidance Personnel

• Teachers.
• Advisors.
• Deans.
• Parents.
• Library staff.
• Medical staff.
• Wardens.
• Liaison officers.
• Physical education instructors.
• Counselors.
• Psychiatrists.
• Psychologists.

Counselling Definition

• Counselling is a method assisting clients in using problem-solving to manage stress and improve interpersonal relationships with family and healthcare teams.

Basic Components of Counselling

• Rapport building.
• Effective communication.
• Understanding client needs.
• Facilitating emotional/behavioral change.
• Structuring counselling interviews.

Need for Counselling

• Pupils need reliable information interpreted meaningfully to overcome personal difficulties.
• Students benefit from experienced listeners who understand their specific challenges.
• Awareness of personal problems is crucial for addressing them effectively.
• Temporary issues, diagnosed by experts, require careful consideration.

Levels of Counselling

• Informal counseling.
• Non-specialist counseling.
• Professional counseling.

Elements of Counselling

• Rapport with the client.
• Effective communication between counselor and client.
• Counselor uses background knowledge and skills in the counselling process.
• Client's feelings change and develop during counselling.
• Structured counselling interviews are used.

Media of Counselling

• Regional centers.
• Study centers.

Counselling Procedure

• Six steps in counselling: Analysis, Synthesis, Diagnosis, Prognosis, Counseling, and Follow-up.

Types of Counselling

• Directive counselling.
• Non-directive counselling.
• Short-term counselling.
• Long-term counselling.
• Psychological counselling.
• Clinical counselling.
• Student counselling.
• Placement counselling.
• Marriage counselling.
• Vocational counselling.
• Psychotherapeutic counselling.
• Individual counselling.
• Group counselling.
• Behavioral counselling.
• Dietary counselling.
• Motivational counselling.

Phases of Counselling

• Five phases: Establishing Relationship, Assessment, Setting Goals, Intervention, and Termination & Follow-up.

Qualities of a Counselor

• Strong interpersonal skills, including friendly nature, fairness, sincerity, tact, patience, and confidentiality.
• Ability to understand and respect clients.
• Speaks in a manner understandable to the client.
• Capacity for trustworthiness.
• Demonstrates personal adjustment.

Scholastic Potentiality and Educational Background

• Motivated and committed.
• Aware of local community policies, beliefs, and misconceptions.
• Shows interest in cultural aspects of society.
• Capable of work.
• Intelligent problem-solving ability
• Positive interest in the area.
• A Master's degree in the relevant area of guidance.
• Ability to work effectively with people.

Health and Personal Appearance

• Pleasing voice and appearance.
• Freedom from annoying mannerisms.
• Neatness.

Leadership

• Ability to lead others.
• Reinforces important information.
• Helps clients choose appropriate methods for resolving problems.

Philosophy of Life

• Good character.
• Positive philosophy of life.
• Integrated personality.
• Faith in people.
• Demonstrates religious/spiritual values.

Professional Dedication

• Demonstrates interest in the field of guidance.
• Shows loyalty and enthusiasm for students.
• Willing to work beyond normal hours.

Purposes of Organizing Guidance and Counselling Programs

• Assisting adolescents with normal development issues.
• Guiding individuals through temporary crises.
• Identifying signs of emotional distress.
• Referring cases needing specialized care.
• Facilitating communication within school, home, and available resources.
• Supporting tutors assisting individuals.

Counselling Personnel

• Principal, tutor, or medical superintendent.
• Counselors.

Difference Between Guidance and Counselling

• Guidance is a comprehensive process; counselling is an integral part of guidance, focusing on individuals at a time.
• Guidance can involve groups; counselling usually focuses on one person.
• Guidance addresses educational and vocational matters; counselling aims to resolve mental health and emotional issues.
• Guidance can use various media; counselling often involves mutual consultation and reasoning.