Growth Disturbances and Developmental Abnormalities
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of agenesis?

  • Congenital malformation in which there is diminished growth of an organ
  • Reversible change in which one mature cell type is replaced by another cell of the same type
  • Increase in organ size due to an increase in the size of its cells
  • Complete absence of an organ (correct)
  • What is the distinguishing feature between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

  • Reversible change in cell type
  • Increase in the size of cells (correct)
  • Increase in the number of cells
  • Complete absence of an organ
  • What is the term for the congenital malformation in which there is diminished growth of an organ?

  • Hyperplasia
  • Agenesis
  • Hypertrophy
  • Hypoplasia (correct)
  • Which of the following is an example of physiological hyperplasia?

    <p>Mammary gland proliferation during lactation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reversible change in which one mature cell type is replaced by another cell of the same type to adapt to environmental changes?

    <p>Metaplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of pathological hyperplasia?

    <p>Endometrial hyperplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of metaplasia involves the transformation of muscle tissue into bone?

    <p>Traumatic myositis ossificans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of dysplastic cells?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between normal cervix and uterine cervix dysplasia?

    <p>Disorganization and crowding of epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for non-neoplastic atypical cellular changes caused by chronic irritation?

    <p>Metaplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of normal squamous epithelium?

    <p>Low nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the transformation of connective tissue into bone?

    <p>Connective tissue metaplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a decrease in the size of a fully developed organ due to a diminution in the size and/or number of cells?

    <p>Atrophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a complete failure of cell growth and multiplication, such as in the case of bone marrow aplasia (aplastic anemia)?

    <p>Aplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a malformation in which there is failure of an organ to develop into its full adult size, leading to a small, underdeveloped organ?

    <p>Hypoplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for an abnormal increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in an abnormal growth?

    <p>Hyperplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a change in the type of cells in a tissue or organ, resulting in an abnormal growth?

    <p>Metaplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a disordered formation of cells or tissues, resulting in an abnormal growth?

    <p>Dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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