Grade 4 Review Sheet: The Midwest Chapter 4
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for a flat-topped rock hill that has steep sides and is taller than it is wide?

  • Arroyo
  • Presidio
  • Butte (correct)
  • Mission

    • What is the primary purpose of the missions established by the Spanish?

  • Military conquest
  • Economic trade
  • Religious conversion and instruction (correct)
  • Cultural exchange

    • What is the term for an arrangement of machines, equipment, and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled?

  • Discrimination
  • Assembly line (correct)
  • Expedition
  • Reservation

    • What is the term for unfair treatment of one particular person or group of people?

    <p>Discrimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a tract of land set aside by a government to house a certain group of people?

    <p>Reservation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a watercourse in an arid region, such as a creek or a water-carved gully?

    <p>Arroyo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a garrisoned place, especially a military post or fortified settlement in areas currently or originally under Spanish control?

    <p>Presidio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a group of people who travel together to a new place, often for exploration or conquest?

    <p>Expedition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Sacagawea's role in the expedition?

    <p>A guide and interpreter for the expedition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Treaty of Greenville?

    <p>It was a treaty between the United States and Native Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main reason for the United States breaking the treaty with the Lakota?

    <p>The discovery of gold in the region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the occupation of Louis Jolliet?

    <p>A fur trader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet's expedition?

    <p>To explore the Midwest region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the expedition led by Marquette and Jolliet?

    <p>They explored the Midwest region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the railroad in the Midwest?

    <p>It allowed settlers to move to the Midwest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Tecumseh's main concern during the settlement of Native American lands?

    <p>He opposed the settlement of Native American lands in the Northwest Territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the gold discovery in 1875?

    <p>The United States broke the treaty with the Lakota</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant outcome of the Lewis and Clark expedition?

    <p>The size of the United States was doubled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a provision of the Northwest Ordinance?

    <p>Slavery was not allowed in the Northwest Territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the United States government's treatment of Native Americans?

    <p>Native Americans were forced to help build railroads that often ran through their own land.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the discovery of gold in the Black Hills?

    <p>Americans settled Native American land in the Black Hills despite a treaty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the War of 1812?

    <p>The United States refused to allow Native Americans to join their side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of pioneers heading to the west on wagon trails?

    <p>Pioneers settled in the Northwest Territory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Northwest Territory?

    <p>It was a region where slavery was not allowed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why cities along the Great Lakes can trade with other parts of the world?

    <p>Because of the water access provided by the Great Lakes and connecting canals and rivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main benefit of using steel instead of iron?

    <p>Steel was lighter than iron and easier to make.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Henry Ford's use of an assembly line?

    <p>The mass production of automobiles was made possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Great Chicago Fire?

    <p>Instead of wood, steel was used to rebuild Chicago.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Illinois and Michigan Canal?

    <p>It was a major factor in the growth of cities in the Midwest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was the assembly line important in the production of automobiles?

    <p>It allowed workers to specialize in specific tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of Henry Ford's development of the Model T?

    <p>The mass production of automobiles was made possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Great Lakes and connecting canals and rivers?

    <p>They enabled cities along the lakes to trade with other parts of the world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a series of smaller buildings that combine to make one large factory?

    <p>Industrial complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a system of working in which one person performs one job as part of a larger project?

    <p>Division of labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a long ramp on which manufactured products are shown to people who want to buy the product?

    <p>Catwalk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a way of producing a machine in which groups of people talk about which parts are needed the most?

    <p>Brainstorming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes immigrants who came to the Midwest?

    <p>They often moved to areas with people who spoke the same language.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best supports the conclusion that many African Americans faced discrimination even after moving to the Midwest?

    <p>They were discouraged from moving into certain areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evidence from the text best supports the correct answer to the previous question?

    <p>Many were not welcomed in established neighborhoods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the reason why people came to the Midwest from other places?

    <p>To find jobs and better living conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of the people mentioned in the text?

    <p>They were all Native American groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the climate of the Southwest region?

    <p>It is hot and dry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Athabaskan group?

    <p>They were part of the first Navajo people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why the Colorado River is important today?

    <p>It is a major source of fresh water for the Southwest region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the homes built by the people mentioned in the text?

    <p>They were made of mud and stone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the western part of Oklahoma?

    <p>It is part of the Great Plains.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the people who painted beautiful art on their walls and pottery?

    <p>They were skilled artists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do ponderosa pine and spruce trees thrive on the Colorado Plateau?

    <p>They are able to survive the area's cold winters and cool summers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a butte?

    <p>A narrow tower of rock formed by wind and rain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the Navajo people mentioned in the text?

    <p>They developed and grew 24 different kinds of corn and grew squash, beans, and pumpkins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Pueblo people adapt to their environment?

    <p>They built adobe dwellings that stayed cool.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the Southwestern Native American groups?

    <p>They all adapted to their environment in unique ways.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Monument Valley?

    <p>It is a region of steep mountains with flat tops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the Continental Divide?

    <p>It lies to the west of Oklahoma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the missionary who made maps?

    <p>Eusebio Francisco Kino</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Popé?

    <p>He was a Pueblo who led a revolt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was not a reason why people in New Spain decided to fight for independence from Spain?

    <p>The establishment of Santa Fe as the capital of New Spain in 1610.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a rancho?

    <p>A large ranch or farm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the priest who fought for Mexican independence?

    <p>Miguel Hidalgo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the explorer who searched for cities of gold?

    <p>Francisco Vázquez de Coronado</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary goal of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado's expedition?

    <p>To find the seven cities of gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the presidio in the mission system?

    <p>A military structure that housed soldiers who guarded nearby missions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did Native Americans revolt against the Spanish?

    <p>They wanted the Spanish off their land and they wanted to return to their way of life before the arrival of the Spanish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the heart of the mission system?

    <p>The church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the purpose of the mission itself?

    <p>To educate people and serve as a place of worship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Spanish missionaries treat Native Americans?

    <p>They forced them to convert and labor for the mission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the mission system?

    <p>It played a key role in the spread of Christianity in the New World.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the meeting between Spanish missionaries and Native Americans?

    <p>The Native Americans were forced to convert and labor for the mission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    4th Quarter Examination Review Sheet

    • The 4th Quarter Examination is scheduled for May 28, 2024, and consists of three types of tests: Vocabulary (8 points), Multiple Choice (15 points), and Essay (20 points), totaling 43 points.

    Chapter 4: The Midwest

    • Lesson 2: Pathways of the Plains
    • Lesson 3: Building Cities

    Chapter 5: The Southwest

    • Lesson 1: The Landscape of the Southwest
    • Lesson 2: Spanish Arrivals

    Key Terms

    Geography

    • Buttes: a flat-topped rock hill with steep sides and is taller than it is wide.
    • Arroyos: a watercourse (such as a creek) in an arid region, often a water-carved gully or channel.

    History

    • Missions: explicitly established for the purpose of religious conversion and instruction in the Catholic faith, but also served as the primary means of integrating Indians into the political and economic structure of Florida's colonial system.
    • Presidio: a garrisoned place, especially a military post or fortified settlement in areas currently or originally under Spanish control.

    Society

    • Reservation: a tract of land set aside by a government to house a certain group of people.
    • Discrimination: unfair treatment of one particular person or group of people.

    Industry

    • Assembly line: an arrangement of machines, equipment, and workers in which work passes from operation to operation in direct line until the product is assembled.

    Important Historical Figures

    • Tecumseh was a Shawnee who opposed the settlement of Native American lands in the Northwest Territory.

    The Lewis and Clark Expedition

    • The Lewis and Clark expedition resulted in the size of the United States being doubled.
    • A water route to the Pacific Ocean was mapped during the expedition.

    The Northwest Ordinance

    • The Northwest Ordinance prohibited slavery in the Northwest Territory.
    • The ordinance ensured that American settlers did not take land from Native Americans without their permission.

    Mistreatment of Native Americans

    • Native Americans were forced to help build railroads that often ran through their own land.
    • Despite a treaty, Americans settled on Native American land in the Black Hills after gold was discovered.

    Treaty of Greenville

    • The Treaty of Greenville was signed in 1795 between the United States and Native Americans.

    Pioneers and Survival

    • Pioneers had to use their own skills to survive, such as packing tools to make wagon repairs along the trail.

    The Expedition of Marquette and Jolliet

    • Marquette and Jolliet were the first European settlers in the Midwest region of the United States.
    • An expedition is a journey made for a specific reason.

    Comparison of Expeditions

    • The expeditions of Marquette and Jolliet and Lewis and Clark were similar in that they were all journeys made for a specific reason.
    • The expeditions differed in their specific goals and routes taken.

    Waterways in the Midwest

    • The Illinois and Michigan Canal was completed in Illinois in 1848.
    • Canals and rivers connect the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, enabling trade with other parts of the world.
    • The Great Lakes border eight states in the United States.

    Steel vs. Iron

    • Steel is stronger and heavier than iron.

    The Great Chicago Fire

    • The iron ore industry grew as demand for steel increased after the fire.
    • Steel was used to rebuild Chicago instead of wood.

    Henry Ford and the Assembly Line

    • Henry Ford started the Ford Motor Company in Michigan in 1903.
    • The company built the Model T automobile in 1908 using an assembly line.
    • An assembly line is a system where workers assemble the same part of each product as it reaches their spot on the line.
    • This allows for mass production of automobiles in a short amount of time.

    Immigrants in the Midwest

    • Immigrants who spoke the same language often moved to the same places.
    • Immigrants brought traditions from their original countries with them.

    African Americans in the Midwest

    • Many African Americans faced discrimination even after moving to the Midwest.
    • They were discouraged from moving into certain areas.
    • Evidence from the text suggests that they were not welcomed in established neighborhoods.

    People Coming to the Midwest

    • People came to the Midwest from other places, attracted by job opportunities in factories.
    • Examples include people who traveled by boat, railroad, and car to get to the Midwest.

    Oklahoma

    • Oklahoma's southern border is formed by the Pecos River.
    • The western part of Oklahoma lies in the Great Plains.
    • Oklahoma reaches the farthest south among the Southwestern states.

    Colorado Plateau

    • Ponderosa pine and spruce trees thrive on the Colorado Plateau due to the area's high elevation.
    • The area's high elevation allows the trees to grow tall.

    Monument Valley, Arizona

    • Monument Valley is located on the Colorado Plateau in Arizona.
    • Mesas are steep mountains with flat tops.
    • Buttes are narrow towers of rock formed by wind and rain wearing away the sides of a mesa.
    • The Navajo lived in homes called hogans, often made of wood and clay.
    • They developed and grew 24 different kinds of corn and grew squash, beans, and pumpkins.

    Southwestern Native American Groups

    • The Hopi lived in adobe dwellings that stayed cool.
    • The Pueblo descended from the Ancient Puebloans.

    Colorado River

    • The Colorado River is a major source of fresh water for the Southwest region.
    • It serves as a home for various Native American groups.

    Southwest Region

    • The Southwest region is considered "harsh" due to the hot, dry desert conditions.
    • The region's cold winters and cool summers also contribute to its harsh environment.

    Francisco Vázquez de Coronado's Expedition

    • Goal: to find the seven cities of gold

    Spanish Missionaries and Native Americans

    • Native Americans did not often have a choice and were forced to convert and labor for the mission
    • Evidence of unfair treatment: forced conversions and labor

    Mission System

    • Three key parts:
      • Mission: place to worship and educate people
      • Presidio: fort with soldiers to protect the mission and enforce its rules
      • Town and fields: grew food and kept the mission supplied
    • Presidio: a military structure that housed soldiers who guarded nearby missions

    Native American Revolt against Spanish

    • Reasons for revolt:
      • Wanted to return to their way of life before Spanish arrival
      • Wanted Spanish off their land

    Historical Figures

    • Francisco Vázquez de Coronado: explorer who searched for cities of gold
    • Popé: Pueblo who led a revolt
    • Eusebio Francisco Kino: missionary who made maps
    • Miguel Hidalgo: priest who fought for Mexican independence

    Fight for Independence in New Spain

    • Reasons for fighting:
      • People born in New Spain were considered lower class and had fewer chances to earn money
      • Europeans born in Spain were favored, holding top offices in church and government
      • Spain controlled trade in New Spain to protect its economy

    Ranchos

    • A rancho was a type of settlement
    • Work done on a rancho: not specified in the text

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    Description

    This quiz reviews lessons from Chapter 4 of Grade 4 curriculum, covering topics such as The Midwest, Pathways of the Plains, and Building Cities. It consists of vocabulary, multiple choice, and essay questions.

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