Gout Pharmacology Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Probenecid

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Questions and Answers

What is the first-line management for acute gout attacks?

Allopurinol

Colchicine (correct)

NSAID such as indomethacin

Corticosteroid

What lifestyle changes are recommended for management between gout attacks?

Avoiding purine-rich foods (correct)

Increasing alcohol consumption

Taking certain medications

Weight gain

Which medication may be indicated in patients with frequent acute gout attacks?

Febuxostat

Allopurinol

Probenecid (correct)

Anakinra

What is the role of xanthine oxidase inhibitors in gout management?

Lowering uric acid levels Signup and view all the answers

In patients with refractory chronic gout, which newer agent has been shown to be effective in lowering uric acid levels?

Pegloticase Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested role of anakinra in gout management?

Management of acute gout Signup and view all the answers

When should uric acid lowering therapy be considered in gout management?

After the acute inflammatory process has subsided Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of corticosteroids in gout management?

Anti-inflammatory effects Signup and view all the answers

What do uricosuric agents such as probenecid do in gout management?

Correct hyperuricemia and dissolve deposited urate Signup and view all the answers

What factors are specific treatment decisions based on in gout management?

Serum uric acid level, 24-hour urinary uric acid excretion, and renal function Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal serum uric acid level?

3.0 to 7.0 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect is a risk factor with the use of allopurinol?

Hepatotoxicity Signup and view all the answers

What are the CNS adverse effects of allopurinol?

Drowsiness, headache, and vertigo Signup and view all the answers

Which medication increases the risk of uricosuric-associated toxicity when combined with allopurinol?

Probenecid Signup and view all the answers

What is the dosage adjustment of allopurinol based on in patients with renal impairment?

Creatinine clearance Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse assess for in patients taking allopurinol?

Decreased pain and inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for taking allopurinol?

History of idiopathic hemochromatosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common GI adverse effect of allopurinol?

Nausea and vomiting Signup and view all the answers

Which medication, when combined with allopurinol, increases the risk of developing a rash?

Ampicillin Signup and view all the answers

What should the nurse assess for to monitor liver function in patients taking allopurinol?

Alanine aminotransferase levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of colchicine?

26 to 31 hours Signup and view all the answers

How is colchicine primarily eliminated from the body?

Feces Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial recommended dose of allopurinol for geriatric patients?

100 mg/d Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of allopurinol?

Xanthine oxidase inhibition Signup and view all the answers

What is a contraindication for the use of colchicine?

Known hypersensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What are the adverse effects of colchicine?

GI issues, hematologic effects, hepatotoxicity Signup and view all the answers

How should colchicine be administered to reduce gastric distress?

With food Signup and view all the answers

What should be assessed by the nurse to evaluate the therapeutic effects of colchicine?

Decreased pain, swelling, and inflammation of affected joints Signup and view all the answers

What is the peak of action of allopurinol?

2 to 6 hours Signup and view all the answers

For which condition is allopurinol not indicated?

Arthritis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Colchicine and Allopurinol in Gout Treatment

Colchicine is used to treat and prevent gout, with a slow onset of action and a half-life of 26 to 31 hours.
It is primarily eliminated in the feces and is administered cautiously in older adults, with a reduced dosage for those 70 years and older.
For patients with renal impairment, a regular dosage is administered for mild to moderate impairment, but for creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min, a reduced dosage is necessary.
Colchicine should be administered cautiously in patients with hepatic impairment, and adverse effects include GI issues, hematologic effects, and hepatotoxicity.
It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity and should not be given concurrently with certain medications or in pregnancy.
Colchicine can result in toxicity and severe adverse effects when combined with specific medications, and it should be administered with food to reduce gastric distress.
Therapeutic effects of colchicine occur within 24 to 48 hours after oral administration, with the nurse assessing for decreased pain, swelling, and inflammation of affected joints.
Adverse effects of colchicine include severe GI issues, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, bone marrow depression, and altered liver enzymes.
Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to reduce serum uric acid levels in gout treatment, with a peak of action at 2 to 6 hours and a half-life of 1 to 3 hours.
It inhibits the enzyme responsible for the conversion of purines to uric acid, reducing uric acid production and the symptoms of gout.
Allopurinol is administered for the management of primary and secondary gout, acute and chronic tophaceous gout, and other indications such as leukemia and lymphoma.
In geriatric patients, the initial dose of allopurinol is 100 mg/d, which can be increased until the desired uric acid level is obtained, with a reduced dosage for diminished renal function.

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"Colchicine and Allopurinol in Gout Treatment" Quiz Test your knowledge of the pharmacology and administration of colchicine and allopurinol in the treatment of gout. Assess your understanding of dosage considerations, contraindications, therapeutic effects, and potential adverse reactions associated with these medications.

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