16 Questions
What is the purpose of the first step in glycolysis, which involves phosphorylation of glucose?
To prevent glucose from being transported out of the cell
Why is the conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P considered an isomerization reaction?
It involves a change in the arrangement of atoms without losing any atoms
Which enzyme is responsible for converting glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P in glycolysis?
Phosphoglucose isomerase
What does the term 'kinases' typically do in biochemical reactions?
Transfer a phosphate to their substrate from ATP
Which enzyme catalyzes the irreversible phosphorylation of fructose-6-P at the second carbon to form fructose-1,6bisphosphate?
Phosphofructokinase
What is the significance of the prefix 'bis' in bisphosphate?
It signifies two separate monophosphates are present.
Which molecule is formed by the cleavage of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by aldolase?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate
What happens to dihydroxyacetone phosphate in the glycolytic pathway?
It is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by an isomerase.
What is the significance of a rise in fructose-1,6-bisP in the context of glycolysis?
Clear indication of an increased flux through the pathway
Why does the liver perform glycolysis despite not needing energy for contraction?
To maintain glucose levels in the blood
How does pyruvate kinase activity respond to an increased flux through glycolysis?
Increases to handle the higher flux
What is one major role of glycolysis in the liver according to the text?
To generate reducing power in the form of NADPH
What is the net reaction for the entire glycolysis pathway?
Glucose + 2 Pi +2 ADP + 2 NAD+ 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 H2O
In the formula ΔG = ΔG° + RT ln [C][D]/[A][B], what does ΔG° represent?
The free energy change under standard conditions
Why is glycolysis considered irreversible as a pathway?
Glycolysis only flows in one direction towards pyruvate production
What additional term is adopted for biochemical reactions to refer to the standard free energy change at pH 7?
ΔG°'
Learn about the net reaction of glycolysis pathway along with the individual reactions involved. Understand the significance of the overall free energy change and the direction of the pathway.
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