Globalization of Religion Overview

Globalization of Religion

• Religion originates from Latin words "Religio" (respect for sacred) and "Religare" (bond with God).
• A unified system of beliefs and practices related to faith, sacred values and higher morals.
• Classification includes: Monotheism (one God), Polytheism (multiple Gods), Animism (personhood to non-human), Atheism (no God).
• Global religions include: Christianity (one God with Father, Son, Holy Spirit), Judaism (one transcendent God), Islam (surrender to Allah), Hinduism (Brahman with multiple forms), and Buddhism (reincarnation of souls).
• Religion seeks meaning in the sacred, relating to spirituality.

Duties of a Globalist

• Globalist duties involve sealing trade deals, boosting profits, collecting taxes ethically.

Affiliation Motivation

• Affiliation with religion is often motivated by positive social interactions.
• Factors include religious coping, spiritual experiences, self-control, and moral behavior.

Secularization

• Hypothesis that religion's influence decreases with modernization.
• This suggests a separation between religious and secular life.

Religious Fundamentalism

• Focus on literal interpretation of religious texts.
• Can be violent or non-violent.
• Extreme fundamentalism involves intolerance towards non-believers.

Religious Tolerance

• Acceptance of different beliefs, practices, and non-beliefs within a society.

Cultural Pluralism

• Small groups retain unique cultural practices while aligning with societal norms.

Duties of Religious People

• The duty is to live virtuously, avoid sin, and aim for a better afterlife.

Globalization of Religion

• Global religions merge with local contexts, adjusting to regional traditions.
• A blend of universal and local particularity emerges.

Forms of Glocalization

• Vernacularization is adapting sacred practices to local languages.
• Indigenization is incorporating local elements into religious practice.
• Nationalization is connecting religion to national identities.
• Transnationalization involves a global religious community regardless of borders.

Global Demography

• Demography is the study of human populations.
• Population growth is influenced by birth and death rates.
• Components of Population Change include mortality and fertility.
• Migration is the movement of people, influenced by various factors.

Migration

• Factors driving migration include economic opportunities, environmental crises, and political conflicts.
• Integration is the adaptation of migrants to host communities.
• Remittances are funds transferred internationally by migrants.

The Malthusian Theory

• Population growth outpaces resource capacity leading to conflict.

Demographic Transition

• Societies transition from high birth and death rates to low rates.

Global Cities

• Major centers for advanced services, technology, and global economic activity.
• Examples include London, New York, Tokyo, etc.

Media Culture

• A culture shaped by media and its influence on global society.
• Cultural exchange and flows include cultural differentialism, hybridization, and convergence.
• Cultural flows can be viewed in three perspectives based on cultural encounters.

Gentrification

• The urban renewal process where poor areas become wealthier due to a higher influx of higher earners. This often results in displacement of long-term residents.