Global Security and Nuclear Proliferation Study

A political theory that assumes states are self-interested and prioritize their own security, leading to a constant struggle for power and potential conflict.

A political theory that emphasizes cooperation, interdependence, and the role of institutions in promoting peace and international order.

A strategy for reducing the likelihood of war by establishing a collective defense system where an attack on one member is considered an attack on all.

The spread of nuclear weapons to new countries or actors.

The increase in the number and/or capabilities of nuclear weapons within a country.

A major international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting nuclear disarmament.

A military alliance between North American and European countries, formed in 1949 to deter Soviet aggression.

The use of nuclear weapons as a threat to deter an opponent from taking certain actions.

A state's focus on protecting itself from attacks by others, especially from countries like South Korea, Japan, and the US.

North Korea's desire to gain recognition as a major player on the world stage by possessing nuclear weapons, raising its status as a threat.

Iran's motivation to develop nuclear weapons to secure its energy independence, sell its oil reserves, and deter regional threats, particularly Israel.

Iran's nuclear program is considered less threatening than North Korea's due to the devastating impact of past sanctions.

Leaders who have no constraints on their power, leading to a higher risk of using nuclear weapons because they can act without fear of consequences.

Terrorism is a form of violence used by states or non-state actors to create chaos and spread fear among civilians to achieve political or religious goals.

The Islamic State (ISIS) and Hamas in Gaza are two of the deadliest terrorist groups operating today.

Terrorism is prevalent in areas with political instability, conflicts, and grievances, often targeting civilian populations.

Terrorist attacks carried out by individuals acting alone, often motivated by political extremism, nationalism, or racial/religious supremacy.

A set of principles that define fundamental human rights, which are considered universal and should apply to everyone, regardless of their location.

An approach that emphasizes national interests and sovereignty over universal human rights, arguing that states are primarily responsible for protecting their citizens.

A type of conflict that occurs within the borders of a single country, often involving rebel groups challenging the government's authority.

The deliberate and systemic destruction of a cultural group, often through violence, forced assimilation, and suppression of cultural practices.

A set of international agreements that establish rules for conducting warfare and protect civilians during armed conflicts.

A declaration that outlines fundamental human rights and freedoms for all individuals, serving as a global standard for human rights protection.

The disproportionate impact of war on civilians, who often suffer the most from violence, displacement, and deprivation.

A situation where people feel they have been wronged or treated unfairly, often leading to anger, resentment, and a desire for revenge.

The strong desire for wealth, possessions, or power.

The act of using military force by one or more states to protect civilians from harm within another state, even without their consent.

A set of international institutions created after World War II to promote global economic stability and prevent another global depression.

An international financial institution that provides loans to countries facing economic difficulties.

The global interconnectedness of economies through trade, investment, and finance.

A type of poverty measured by a fixed income threshold, typically set at $2.15 per day.

A type of poverty measured relative to the median income or standard of living in a specific country or region.

The unequal distribution of income, wealth, or other resources among individuals or groups within a society.

A broad concept encompassing economic growth, social development, and human well-being.

Leaders with unlimited power in personalist dictatorships pose a greater nuclear threat. They have fewer domestic costs and are harder to deter, increasing the likelihood of nuclear weapons use.

Terrorism is often found in regions with political instability, ongoing conflicts, and widespread grievances, as these factors provide fertile ground for extremist movements.

The idea that states are responsible for protecting their citizens, but in extreme cases, the international community can intervene if a state is failing to do so.

A belief that development should focus on achieving economic growth, integrating poor countries into the global free market, and addressing poverty as a lack of income.

A belief that development should focus on social justice, equitable distribution, and empowering marginalized communities.

Financial assistance provided by developed countries to developing countries to support their development efforts.