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Questions and Answers
What is a key characteristic of intensive agricultural practices?
What is a key characteristic of intensive agricultural practices?
Which of the following is NOT an example of intensive agricultural practice?
Which of the following is NOT an example of intensive agricultural practice?
What is a potential consequence of focusing primarily on cash crop production?
What is a potential consequence of focusing primarily on cash crop production?
Which of these climate types is most suited for growing grapes?
Which of these climate types is most suited for growing grapes?
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Which farming method is best suited for urban areas with limited space?
Which farming method is best suited for urban areas with limited space?
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What is a key difference between clustered and dispersed settlements?
What is a key difference between clustered and dispersed settlements?
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What is a possible socioeconomic implication of extensive agricultural practices?
What is a possible socioeconomic implication of extensive agricultural practices?
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Which of the following is a technological advancement that has significantly impacted agriculture?
Which of the following is a technological advancement that has significantly impacted agriculture?
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What is a key challenge faced by women in less developed regions regarding their economic participation?
What is a key challenge faced by women in less developed regions regarding their economic participation?
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Based on the text, what is a significant consequence of underreporting women's work in the informal economy, particularly in agriculture?
Based on the text, what is a significant consequence of underreporting women's work in the informal economy, particularly in agriculture?
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How does the Gender Inequality Index (GII) relate to women's economic participation?
How does the Gender Inequality Index (GII) relate to women's economic participation?
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Why is formalizing women's work in the informal economy considered crucial for advancing women's rights and improving economic conditions?
Why is formalizing women's work in the informal economy considered crucial for advancing women's rights and improving economic conditions?
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What is a key obstacle to women's empowerment and progress in many less developed regions?
What is a key obstacle to women's empowerment and progress in many less developed regions?
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Which of the following agricultural heartlands is known for the origin of the Neolithic Revolution?
Which of the following agricultural heartlands is known for the origin of the Neolithic Revolution?
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What is the main purpose of the 'Long Lot Survey' method of land division?
What is the main purpose of the 'Long Lot Survey' method of land division?
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Which agricultural practice is associated with the risk of soil depletion and increased vulnerability to pests?
Which agricultural practice is associated with the risk of soil depletion and increased vulnerability to pests?
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What is the main distinction between subsistence and commercial agriculture?
What is the main distinction between subsistence and commercial agriculture?
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Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the Second Agricultural Revolution?
Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the Second Agricultural Revolution?
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What was the primary contribution of Dr. Norman Borlaug to the Green Revolution?
What was the primary contribution of Dr. Norman Borlaug to the Green Revolution?
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According to the bid rent theory, which type of agriculture is likely to be located furthest from urban areas?
According to the bid rent theory, which type of agriculture is likely to be located furthest from urban areas?
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What is the main negative impact of monoculture on agricultural systems?
What is the main negative impact of monoculture on agricultural systems?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of commercial agriculture?
Which of the following is a characteristic of commercial agriculture?
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Which of the following is an example of a commodity chain in agriculture?
Which of the following is an example of a commodity chain in agriculture?
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What is the primary advantage of economies of scale in commercial agriculture?
What is the primary advantage of economies of scale in commercial agriculture?
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Which type of agriculture is most likely to benefit from proximity to urban markets?
Which type of agriculture is most likely to benefit from proximity to urban markets?
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Which of the following is a major environmental challenge associated with the Green Revolution?
Which of the following is a major environmental challenge associated with the Green Revolution?
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Which agricultural hearth is known for its contributions of crops like yams and coffee?
Which agricultural hearth is known for its contributions of crops like yams and coffee?
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What is a key consequence of relying heavily on cash crops in developing countries?
What is a key consequence of relying heavily on cash crops in developing countries?
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Which of the following is NOT a primary diffusion mechanism for agricultural practices?
Which of the following is NOT a primary diffusion mechanism for agricultural practices?
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Which of these agricultural practices is most directly linked to desertification?
Which of these agricultural practices is most directly linked to desertification?
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How do government policies influence agricultural practices?
How do government policies influence agricultural practices?
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What is a key consequence of industrial agriculture's dominance?
What is a key consequence of industrial agriculture's dominance?
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What is a major challenge associated with the overuse of industrial agriculture?
What is a major challenge associated with the overuse of industrial agriculture?
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What is a key advantage of community-supported agriculture (CSA) and urban farming?
What is a key advantage of community-supported agriculture (CSA) and urban farming?
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What is a possible consequence of water scarcity affecting agriculture?
What is a possible consequence of water scarcity affecting agriculture?
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What impact can the Green Revolution have on biodiversity?
What impact can the Green Revolution have on biodiversity?
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What is a potential consequence of the increasing demand for organic and sustainably sourced foods?
What is a potential consequence of the increasing demand for organic and sustainably sourced foods?
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How can the Gender Inequality Index (GII) be used to assess the situation of women in agriculture?
How can the Gender Inequality Index (GII) be used to assess the situation of women in agriculture?
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What is a key reason why the role of women in agriculture is changing in many countries?
What is a key reason why the role of women in agriculture is changing in many countries?
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What is a potential consequence of the rise of aquaculture?
What is a potential consequence of the rise of aquaculture?
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What is a major challenge facing the future of food production, according to the content?
What is a major challenge facing the future of food production, according to the content?
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What is one way consumer preferences are contributing to changes in agricultural practices?
What is one way consumer preferences are contributing to changes in agricultural practices?
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Which of these statements accurately reflects the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexican farmers?
Which of these statements accurately reflects the impact of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexican farmers?
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What is one of the main reasons why agricultural subsidies can have a negative impact on farmers in other countries?
What is one of the main reasons why agricultural subsidies can have a negative impact on farmers in other countries?
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How do advancements in agricultural technology, such as the use of GMOs, raise ethical concerns?
How do advancements in agricultural technology, such as the use of GMOs, raise ethical concerns?
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Flashcards
Global Agricultural Diversity
Global Agricultural Diversity
Different climates support varied crops and practices, like tropical and Mediterranean.
Intensive Agriculture
Intensive Agriculture
High inputs of labor and capital per unit of land, often located near urban centers.
Extensive Agriculture
Extensive Agriculture
Low inputs per unit of land, characterized by larger areas and lower labor and capital, often far from cities.
Fertilizers
Fertilizers
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Vertical Farming
Vertical Farming
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Cash Crops
Cash Crops
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Clustered Settlements
Clustered Settlements
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Nomadic Herding
Nomadic Herding
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Informal Economy
Informal Economy
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Gender Inequality Index (GII)
Gender Inequality Index (GII)
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Barriers to Women in Workforce
Barriers to Women in Workforce
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Political Representation
Political Representation
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Nutritional Disparities
Nutritional Disparities
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Deforestation
Deforestation
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Desertification
Desertification
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Soil Salinization
Soil Salinization
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Water Pollution
Water Pollution
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Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainable Agriculture
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Water Management Challenges
Water Management Challenges
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Biodiversity Concerns
Biodiversity Concerns
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Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA)
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Fair Trade
Fair Trade
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The Green Revolution
The Green Revolution
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Aquaculture
Aquaculture
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Impact of Economic Growth on Gender Equality
Impact of Economic Growth on Gender Equality
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Urbanization and Agricultural Production
Urbanization and Agricultural Production
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Continued Advocacy for Women's Rights
Continued Advocacy for Women's Rights
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Long Lot Survey
Long Lot Survey
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Meets and Bounds
Meets and Bounds
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Bid Rent Theory
Bid Rent Theory
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Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent
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Columbian Exchange
Columbian Exchange
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Second Agricultural Revolution
Second Agricultural Revolution
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Green Revolution
Green Revolution
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Subsistence Agriculture
Subsistence Agriculture
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Commercial Agriculture
Commercial Agriculture
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Intensive Farming
Intensive Farming
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Extensive Farming
Extensive Farming
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Von Thünen's Model
Von Thünen's Model
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Commodity Chains
Commodity Chains
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Mono Cropping
Mono Cropping
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Conflict Impact on Agriculture
Conflict Impact on Agriculture
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Study Notes
Global Agricultural Diversity
- Tropical climates support crops like coffee, sugar, and pineapples.
- Mediterranean climates are suitable for grapes and olives.
Technological Advancements in Agriculture
- Fertilizers increase crop yields.
- Genetic modification enhances crop characteristics, such as disease resistance.
- Vertical farming optimizes space and resource use in urban areas.
- Community gardens promote local food production and community engagement.
Intensive vs. Extensive Agricultural Practices
- Intensive: High inputs (labor, capital) per unit of land, low land use, high labor/capital ratio, near urban centers.
- Examples: Plantation agriculture (large-scale cash crops), mixed crop and livestock farming, market gardening.
- Extensive: Low inputs per unit of land, high land use, low labor/capital ratio, far from urban centers.
- Examples: Shifting cultivation (swidden agriculture), nomadic herding, ranching.
Socio-Economic Implications of Agricultural Practices
- Cash crops can lead to food insecurity if prioritized over food crops for local consumption.
- Food security is impacted by factors like poverty, political instability, and climate change.
Settlement Patterns and Survey Methods
- Settlement Patterns:
- Clustered settlements: Homes/farms close together.
- Dispersed settlements: Homes/farms spread out.
- Linear settlements: Homes/farms along transportation routes.
- Survey Methods:
- Long lot survey: Narrow parcels extending from a transportation route.
- Metes and bounds: Uses natural landmarks to define property boundaries.
- Township and range: A grid system using longitude and latitude.
Agricultural Hearths and Diffusion
- Five primary agricultural hearths: Fertile Crescent, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central America, East Asia, Southeast Asia.
- Diffusion mechanisms include the Columbian Exchange, Silk Road, trading companies, and migration.
The Second Agricultural Revolution
- Technological advancements: Cotton gin, seed drill, steel plow, grain elevators, McCormick Reaper.
- Enclosure movement: Privatization of communal lands for more efficient farming.
- Consequences: Increased food production, population boom, urban migration, improved diets, global trade expansion.
The Green Revolution
- Key innovations: High-yield seeds, increased use of chemicals, mechanization.
- Dr. Norman Borlaug: Developed semi-dwarf, disease-resistant wheat varieties.
- Impact: Increased food production, but also environmental challenges (soil degradation, water contamination, biodiversity loss) and economic disparities.
Subsistence vs. Commercial Agriculture
- Subsistence: Aims to produce enough food for the farmer's family/community, prioritizing sustainability.
- Commercial: Focused on profit maximization, larger farms, advanced machinery, and efficient methods.
Intensive vs. Extensive Farming
- Intensive: Small land area, high yields per unit of land, high labor input, high capital investment.
- Extensive: Large land area, lower yields per unit of land, low labor input, low capital investment.
Bid Rent Theory
- Land prices decrease with distance from urban areas, influencing agricultural location decisions.
Mono Cropping & Monoculture
- Mono cropping: Planting the same crop repeatedly, risks soil depletion and vulnerability to pests.
- Monoculture: Focusing on a single crop type, similar risks to mono cropping, but potentially over a wider area.
Economic Development & Agriculture
- Developed countries: Primarily use commercial agriculture with advanced technology.
- Developing countries: Often rely on subsistence farming due to limited resources and technology.
Market Proximity & Agricultural Location
- Intensive agriculture: Often located near cities for market access.
- Extensive agriculture: Located further from cities where land is cheaper.
The Green Revolution & Its Impacts
- Positive impacts: Increased food security, lower food prices.
- Negative impacts: Environmental concerns, social inequalities, decline of family farms.
Commodity Chains & Economies of Scale
- Commodity Chains: Interconnected steps from production to consumer.
- Economies of Scale: Larger farms benefit from reduced costs, challenging smaller farms.
Von Thünen's Model of Land Use
- Illustrates agricultural land organization around a market based on profit maximization and transportation costs.
Global Agriculture & The Impact of Conflict
- Ukraine's role: Major agricultural producer ("breadbasket of Europe").
- Conflict impact: Disruption of exports, reduced global food supply, rising fertilizer prices.
Environmental Consequences of Agricultural Practices
- Deforestation, desertification, soil salinization, water pollution.
- Growing movements towards sustainable agriculture and environmental restoration.
Agricultural Practices and Environmental Health
- Resource Utilization: Exploitation in developing countries leads to environmental damage.
- Water Management Challenges: Irrigation depletes water and pollutes systems.
- Restoration and Conservation Efforts: Positive initiatives such as reforestation protect ecosystems.
- Shifting Consumer Preferences: Growing demand for sustainable foods drives changes in agricultural practices.
Other Agricultural Practices Topics
- Urbanization and Agricultural Production: Economic development leads to reduced farm labor.
- Government Policies: Influence production decisions and trade dynamics.
- Water Scarcity: Increased irrigation leads to water pollution and depletion.
- Biodiversity Concerns: Monocropping reduces plant diversity.
- Alternative Practices: Community-supported agriculture (CSA), urban farming are gaining popularity.
- Advancements vs. Ethical Concerns: Advances in technology raise ethical debates, regarding safety and sustainability.
- Impact of Industrial Agriculture: Consolidation of food production within large companies challenges smaller farms.
- Subsidies and Global Trade: Government subsidies distort market dynamics, impacting smaller farms globally.
- Aquaculture: Increased production of fish, raises concerns about sustainability.
- Women in Agriculture: Women's crucial role in agriculture, and societal challenges and progress.
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Description
Explore the diverse agricultural practices across different climates, from tropical to Mediterranean. Learn about technological advancements such as genetic modification and vertical farming. Understand the differences between intensive and extensive agriculture and their socio-economic implications.