Geography Unit 1: Map Projections & Locations

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Questions and Answers

What is a significant drawback of the Mercator projection?

It accurately represents area.

It distorts shapes near the poles. (correct)

It shows the curvature of the Earth accurately.

It uses a cylindrical mapping technique.

Which of the following elements is NOT typically found on a map?

Latitude (correct)

Compass Rose

Legend

Scale

What distinguishes absolute location from relative location?

Absolute location is expressed in percentage terms, while relative location is in degrees.

Absolute location is less precise than relative location.

Absolute location refers to a fixed point, while relative location is based on landmarks. (correct)

Absolute location can change over time, while relative location is constant.

Which of the following is an example of cultural diffusion?

The spread of cuisine to different countries. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of John Snow's contribution to disease study?

Mapping the correlation between geography and disease outbreaks. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes environmental opportunities?

They provide beneficial resources or conditions for human development. Signup and view all the answers

How has McDonald's utilized cultural diffusion in its global expansion?

By adopting local tastes and preferences into their menu. Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the idea of cultural homogeneity as a result of globalization?

Cultural homogenization Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary factors contributing to high fertility rates in developing countries?

Cultural norms and economic needs Signup and view all the answers

How do fertility rates typically differ between developed and developing countries?

Developed countries often prioritize economic stability Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential impact of falling fertility rates on global migration patterns?

Increased emigration from developed to developing nations Signup and view all the answers

What cultural factors contribute to the beliefs about the importance of Jerusalem in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?

It holds significant historical events for each faith Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes a difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?

Hinduism includes a pantheon of gods, whereas Buddhism is non-theistic Signup and view all the answers

Which factors typically lead to lower life expectancy in specific regions?

High levels of pollution and inadequate healthcare Signup and view all the answers

What is one major unintended consequence of the one-child policy in China?

A demographic imbalance favoring males Signup and view all the answers

How do push and pull factors influence migration patterns?

They impact decisions to migrate based on various circumstances Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Unit 1

Map Projections: All map projections are inaccurate because a 3D sphere cannot be perfectly represented on a 2D surface.
Mercator Projection: Good for navigation, but distorts size and shape, particularly at higher latitudes. Peters Projection attempts to correct size distortion, but may distort shape.
Map Elements: Maps contain elements like title, legend, scale, compass rose, and symbols, each with specific purposes.
Absolute Location: Determined by coordinates (latitude and longitude).
Absolute vs. Relative Location: Absolute pinpoints a precise point; relative describes location in relation to other places.
City Coordinates: Students should practice finding coordinates for New York, Paris, Shanghai, and Rio de Janeiro.
John Snow & Disease Mapping: John Snow's use of maps to track cholera outbreaks revolutionized disease study, demonstrating a link between geography and disease spread.
Thematic Maps: Types of thematic maps (e.g., choropleth, dot density, cartograms) should be analyzed. Analysis should be done using four levels.
Human-Environment Interaction: Students should analyze how humans impact and are impacted by the environment. Case studies of climate change and its effects in the U.S. should be understood.
Environmental Opportunities vs Constraints: Students should define and give examples of environmental opportunities and constraints from "Human Planet" (text).

Unit 2

Culture: Defining culture as a learned set of meanings for understanding and interacting with the world.
Levels of Culture: Cultural traits at different levels (e.g., iceberg model - visible and invisible aspects).
PERSIA GEM: The aspects of PERSIA GEM (Politics, Economics, Religion, Social structures, Interactions, and Art/architecture) and examples of each should be clarified
Cultural Hearths: Major locations where cultural traits originated (e.g., ancient civilizations).
Cultural Diffusion: How cultural traits spread through different means (e.g. migration, trade).
Examples of Diffusion: Relevant instances of cultural diffusion (e.g. Silk Road and the Columbian Exchange)
Cultural Diffusion & Traits: Analyzing how cultural traits are diffused according to various forms of diffusion.
Cultural Diffusion in food: (e.g. fortune cookies and Chinese food).
McDonald's Global Expansion/Cultural Diffusion: How McDonald's uses regional preferences to expand globally, and the type of diffusion associated with those actions.
Homogenization: The process of making cultures more similar.

Unit 3

High Fertility Rates: Reasons behind high fertility rates in developing countries and the possible ramifications.
Low Fertility Rates: Explanations for low fertility rates in developed countries.
Global Fertility Trends: Concerns around global trends related to fertility.
Migration Patterns: The impact of falling fertility rates on global migration.
Economic Impacts: How falling fertility can affect a country's economic future.
Specific Factors: Why women in specific regions (e.g., Niger) have high fertility rates.
Population Structure: How age structure of a population (e.g. population with a lot of young people or a Lot of older people) affects countries.
Pronatalism/Antinatalism: Students should define these concepts and recognize their contexts.
One Child Policy: Defining and analyzing the one-child policy, its outcomes, and how it has affected the country.
Migration Factors: Definition and analysis of factors that shape migration patterns, including push and pull factors.
Refugees & Displaced People: Definition and examples of refugees and internally displaced persons. Issues associated with refugees fleeing certain regions.
Motivations for Migration: Understanding the reasons why people migrate. Region-specific cases.

Unit 4

Imperialism & Colonialism: Motivations for imperialism and colonialism, with specific relevance to the African continent.
Impact of Imperialism: Impact on countries of interest, particularly in India and South Africa.
World Organization: The formation of the United Nations, its work, and challenges faced.
Apartheid: Definition and explanation of the apartheid system in South Africa and the reasons behind.
Apartheid legacy: The legacy of the apartheid system and how it ended.

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Description

Explore the essentials of map projections, including the Mercator and Peters projections, and understand the differences between absolute and relative location. Delve into the significance of thematic maps and learn how John Snow utilized mapping to combat disease outbreaks. This quiz will enhance your geographical knowledge and mapping skills.