18 Questions
What are corals made of?
Tiny marine animals called Polyps
Which rivers drain into the Bay of Bengal?
Mahanadi and Kaveri
Where are the Lakshadweep Islands located?
Arabian Sea
What is the Sunderban delta formed by?
Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers
What caused the Tsunami in 2004?
Earthquake on the sea floor
Which country does India share its land boundaries with to the east?
Bangladesh
Which hemisphere does India belong to if we divide the world into eastern and western hemispheres?
Eastern Hemisphere
What geographic features bound India in the north?
The Himalayas
Which body of water washes the west coast of India?
Arabian Sea
What is the total area of India in square kilometers?
3.28 million sq.km
Who has a higher population between China and India?
China
Why are the Northern Indian plains fertile and suitable for cultivation?
Because of the alluvial deposits from rivers
What is the approximate north-south extent of India from Ladakh to Kanyakumari?
$3200$ km
Which physical feature in India is described as 'the abode of snow'?
Himalayas
What is the main basis for the formation of states in India?
Languages spoken
Which mountain range in India is home to many popular hill stations?
Middle Himalaya or Himachal
Where is the Great Indian Desert located within India?
Western part of India
Why are the Northern Indian plains densely populated?
Fertile land for cultivation
Study Notes
Physical Features of India
- Corals are skeletons of tiny marine animals called Polyps, which form coral islands when living polyps die and new ones grow on top of the hard skeleton.
- Figure 6.4 shows Coral islands.
- India's coastal plains are narrow in the west and broader in the east.
- The eastern Coastal plains have many east-flowing rivers, including Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri, which drain into the Bay of Bengal and form fertile deltas at their mouths.
Islands of India
- Lakshadweep Islands are coral islands located off the coast of Kerala in the Arabian Sea.
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands lie to the southeast of the Indian mainland in the Bay of Bengal.
Geographical Extent of India
- India has an area of about 3.28 million sq.km.
- The north-south extent from Ladakh to Kanyakumari is about 3,200 km.
- The east-west extent from Arunachal Pradesh to Kuchchh is about 2,900 km.
- India has a population of more than one hundred twenty crores since the year 2011.
Location of India
- India is located in the northern hemisphere.
- The Tropic of Cancer (23 30'N) passes almost halfway through the country.
- From south to north, India's main land extends between 8 4' N and 37 6' N latitudes.
- From west to east, India extends between 68 7'E and 97 25'E longitudes.
- India belongs to the eastern hemisphere.
Administrative Divisions of India
- India is divided into 28 States and 8 Union Territories for administrative purposes.
- Delhi is the national capital.
- States have been formed mainly on the basis of languages.
Physical Divisions of India
- India is marked by a diversity of physical features such as mountains, plateaus, plains, coasts, and islands.
- The Himalayas are divided into three main parallel ranges: the Great Himalaya or Himadri, Middle Himalaya or Himachal, and the Shiwalik.
- The Northern Indian plains lie to the south of the Himalayas and are formed by the alluvial deposits laid down by the rivers.
- The Peninsular plateau lies to the south of the northern plains.
- The Great Indian Desert is a dry, hot, and sandy stretch of land in the western part of India.
Test your knowledge about the vast geographical expanse of India, from the Himalayas in the north to the Indian Ocean in the south. Explore the key features and dimensions of the Indian peninsula.
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