Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes and Dyslipidemia

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which symptom is commonly observed in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Polydipsia

Polyphagia

Delayed wound healing (correct)

Polyuria

Which test is used to measure long-term blood sugar control over the past 2-3 months?

Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (correct)

Fasting blood glucose test

Random blood glucose test

Glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test

What is a distinct difference in the symptoms presentation between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Delayed wound healing is more common in type 2 diabetes (correct)

Polyphagia is more common in type 1 diabetes

Polyuria is more common in type 1 diabetes

Polydipsia is more common in type 2 diabetes

Which condition can lead to the presence of ketones in urine, typically seen in type 1 diabetes?

Hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which test involves drinking a sweet solution and then having blood glucose levels measured after a certain period?

Random blood glucose test (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which test can help detect abnormally high glucose levels in the urine?

Urine glucose test (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells?

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diabetes is mainly associated with insulin resistance and/or less severe insulin deficiency?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main genetic factor associated with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (A) Signup and view all the answers

In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, what is the primary defect that leads to elevated blood glucose levels?

Insulin resistance and/or less severe insulin deficiency (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which autoimmune antibodies are commonly found in individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

Autoantibodies to insulin and GAD (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used to manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by increasing insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues?

Metformin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Peripheral resistance to insulin (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of insulin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Stimulate insulin signaling and achieve normal blood glucose levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment approach for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Lifestyle intervention (physical activity, diet, weight loss) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT a known risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

High blood glucose levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to inflammation and insulin resistance in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Excessive visceral fat (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common acute complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (C) Signup and view all the answers