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Questions and Answers
What is a clone?
What is a clone?
A group of organisms formed by inheriting all its parental characters.
What is a trait or characteristic?
What is a trait or characteristic?
- It is a condition of having different allelic forms of a gene.
- It is a group of organisms inheriting parental characters.
- It refers to the genetic expression of an organism.
- It is the recognizable feature in a person. (correct)
Heterozygous is a term for organisms with identical allelic forms.
Heterozygous is a term for organisms with identical allelic forms.
False (B)
Homozygous refers to a diploid organism having different allelic forms of a gene.
Homozygous refers to a diploid organism having different allelic forms of a gene.
What are alleles?
What are alleles?
What is the genotype of an organism?
What is the genotype of an organism?
Define phenotype.
Define phenotype.
Which of the following describes dominant characters?
Which of the following describes dominant characters?
What are recessive characters?
What are recessive characters?
What is F1 generation?
What is F1 generation?
What does F2 generation refer to?
What does F2 generation refer to?
The _______ is a checkerboard that helps to study all possible results of various crosses.
The _______ is a checkerboard that helps to study all possible results of various crosses.
What is a monohybrid cross?
What is a monohybrid cross?
What is a dihybrid cross?
What is a dihybrid cross?
What is a hybrid?
What is a hybrid?
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Study Notes
Definitions of Key Concepts
- Trait or Characteristic: Recognizable features in an organism, such as height in plants or skin color in humans.
- Clone: A group of organisms sharing identical genetic traits, exemplified by a colony of bacteria.
- Alleles: Gene pairs that determine alternative characteristics; represented as 'T' for tallness and 't' for dwarfness in plant crosses.
- Homozygous: A genetic condition where an organism has identical alleles for a gene, indicated by 'tt' or 'TT.'
- Heterozygous: A genetic condition with different alleles for a gene, exemplified by 'Tt.'
- Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism, which is not visually observable.
- Phenotype: The physical expression of the genotype, visible traits resulting from genetic information.
- Dominant Characters: Alleles that express themselves in the F1 generation of a genetic cross, represented by uppercase letters (e.g., 'T' for tallness).
- Recessive Characters: Alleles not expressed in the presence of a dominant allele, shown in lowercase letters (e.g., 't' for dwarfness); only expressed in homozygous conditions.
- F1 Generation: First filial generation from true-breeding parental cross, containing offspring with mixed traits.
- F2 Generation: Second filial generation resulting from self-crossing of the F1 generation.
- Punnet Square: A tool used to predict the genotypic and phenotypic outcomes of genetic crosses.
- Monohybrid Cross: A genetic cross examining a single pair of contrasting traits, such as tall and dwarf plants.
- Dihybrid Cross: A genetic cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits, for instance, tall red-flowered plants crossed with dwarf white-flowered plants.
- Hybrid: An organism with a heterozygous genotype or differing genotypes and phenotypes, resulting from crossing different parental types.
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