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Questions and Answers
What is a clone?
What is a clone?
A group of organisms formed by inheriting all its parental characters.
What is a trait or characteristic?
What is a trait or characteristic?
Heterozygous is a term for organisms with identical allelic forms.
Heterozygous is a term for organisms with identical allelic forms.
False
Homozygous refers to a diploid organism having different allelic forms of a gene.
Homozygous refers to a diploid organism having different allelic forms of a gene.
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What are alleles?
What are alleles?
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What is the genotype of an organism?
What is the genotype of an organism?
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Define phenotype.
Define phenotype.
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Which of the following describes dominant characters?
Which of the following describes dominant characters?
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What are recessive characters?
What are recessive characters?
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What is F1 generation?
What is F1 generation?
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What does F2 generation refer to?
What does F2 generation refer to?
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The _______ is a checkerboard that helps to study all possible results of various crosses.
The _______ is a checkerboard that helps to study all possible results of various crosses.
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What is a monohybrid cross?
What is a monohybrid cross?
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What is a dihybrid cross?
What is a dihybrid cross?
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What is a hybrid?
What is a hybrid?
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Study Notes
Definitions of Key Concepts
- Trait or Characteristic: Recognizable features in an organism, such as height in plants or skin color in humans.
- Clone: A group of organisms sharing identical genetic traits, exemplified by a colony of bacteria.
- Alleles: Gene pairs that determine alternative characteristics; represented as 'T' for tallness and 't' for dwarfness in plant crosses.
- Homozygous: A genetic condition where an organism has identical alleles for a gene, indicated by 'tt' or 'TT.'
- Heterozygous: A genetic condition with different alleles for a gene, exemplified by 'Tt.'
- Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism, which is not visually observable.
- Phenotype: The physical expression of the genotype, visible traits resulting from genetic information.
- Dominant Characters: Alleles that express themselves in the F1 generation of a genetic cross, represented by uppercase letters (e.g., 'T' for tallness).
- Recessive Characters: Alleles not expressed in the presence of a dominant allele, shown in lowercase letters (e.g., 't' for dwarfness); only expressed in homozygous conditions.
- F1 Generation: First filial generation from true-breeding parental cross, containing offspring with mixed traits.
- F2 Generation: Second filial generation resulting from self-crossing of the F1 generation.
- Punnet Square: A tool used to predict the genotypic and phenotypic outcomes of genetic crosses.
- Monohybrid Cross: A genetic cross examining a single pair of contrasting traits, such as tall and dwarf plants.
- Dihybrid Cross: A genetic cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits, for instance, tall red-flowered plants crossed with dwarf white-flowered plants.
- Hybrid: An organism with a heterozygous genotype or differing genotypes and phenotypes, resulting from crossing different parental types.
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Description
Test your understanding of essential genetics terminology and concepts. This quiz covers definitions such as traits, clones, alleles, genotypes, and phenotypes. Challenge yourself and gain a deeper insight into genetic inheritance and expression.
