30 Questions
Who is credited with the discovery of 'nuclein' (nucleic acid - DNA) from white blood cells?
Friedrich Miescher
What was the key contribution of Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty to the field of genetics?
Demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material
Which scientist demonstrated that genes are located on specific chromosomes?
Thomas Hunt Morgan
What was the title of Charles Darwin's publication in 1859?
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection
In what year did James Watson and Francis Crick elucidate the three-dimensional structure of DNA?
1953
Who is credited with identifying chromatin in cell nuclei and linking it to chromosomes and cell division?
Walther Flemming
What is the primary function of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
To carry genetic information
What is the term for the complete set of genetic material in an organism?
Genome
Who are the scientists credited with discovering the structure of DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick
What is the term for the units of length used in biology and genetics?
International System of Units (SI)
What is the term for the organized structures that contain genes in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells?
Chromosomes
What is the term for the process of cellular division that results in four daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Mitosis
During which stage of meiosis do the members of a gene pair and chromosome pair separate from each other?
Meiosis I
What is the resulting product of DNA replication?
Identical DNA molecules
What is the main difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Number of chromosomes
What is the primary function of genome sequencing?
To identify genetic mutations
What is the molecule responsible for encoding genetic information?
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Who is credited with the discovery of the principles of inheritance?
Gregor Mendel
What is the primary focus of the branch of biology concerned with the study of the inheritance of biological traits and variation in biological traits?
The study of genetic material and its impact on biological traits
What type of trait is controlled by a single gene?
Monogenic trait
What is the term for the study of how genes behave in large numbers of individual organisms?
Population genetics
What is the term for the change in genes and genetic variation within populations over time?
Microevolution
What is the purpose of analyzing DNA from different populations and species?
To reconstruct evolutionary relationships between populations and species
What is the significance of understanding genetic principles in various fields?
It has implications for agriculture, medicine, forensics, biological conservation
Who developed the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology?
Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier
What was the approximate size of the yeast genome sequenced in 1996?
14 Mb
What is the process by which information encoded in nucleic acids is translated into amino acid sequences that comprise protein molecules?
Deciphering the genetic code
What is the name of the method developed by Frederick Sanger for DNA sequencing?
Chain termination method
What is the term for a unit of measurement equal to one billion base pairs of DNA?
Gigabase pair (Gb)
What was the approximate cost of sequencing a mammalian genome in 2001?
€100,000,000
This quiz covers the history of genetics, including the contributions of famous scientists such as Francis Crick, Sydney Brenner, and others who deciphered the genetic code. Learn about the crucial discoveries that led to our understanding of DNA structure and function.
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