22 Questions
What is the genetic condition characterized by having 3 X chromosomes?
Triple X Syndrome
What genetic event leads to Down syndrome?
Trisomy 21
What procedure involves taking amniotic fluid to conduct biochemical tests for genetic screening?
Amniocentesis
In which genetic condition do males have an extra X chromosome, resulting in small testes and a feminine body contour?
Klinefelter Syndrome
Aneuploidy refers to a condition involving:
Too many or too few chromosomes
How does the SBE1 gene contribute to pea development?
Converts sugar into starch
What term describes the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate in meiosis I or sister chromatids in meiosis II?
Nondisjunction
In Mendelian genetics, what did scientists in the 1800s believe about how genetic material from parents combined?
It mixes together in a blending hypothesis
What is the term used to describe the orderly display of an individual's chromosomes?
Karyotype
Which law of Mendelian genetics explains how two alleles of a gene separate into different gametes during gamete formation?
Law of segregation
During independent assortment in genetics, which chromosomes segregate independently if they are close together?
Linked genes on the same chromosome
In a monohybrid cross of homozygous plants for both seed color and seed texture traits, what would be the phenotype of the F1 offspring?
All yellow and smooth peas
In meiosis, what is the function of the synaptonemal complex?
Holds homologous chromosomes together during synapsis
What is a characteristic of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mentioned in the text?
Serve as DNA markers outside genes
How does sickle cell anemia provide a selective advantage in malaria areas?
Through resistance to malaria infection
What is the role of tandem repeats in genetic variation?
Identify unique individuals through VNTRs
Which technique is used to detect variations in copy number variations (CNVs)?
DNA microarray analysis
What causes sickle cell anemia at the molecular level?
Single nucleotide substitution in the Beta-globin gene
During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles?
Anaphase I
What is the significance of copy number variations (CNVs) in genetic analysis?
Identify variations in DNA sequence length
How do single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to haplotype grouping?
By being shared among individuals within haplotype groups
What distinguishes the structure of HbS protein in individuals with sickle cell trait?
It has a valine substitution due to a single nucleotide mutation.
Explore the concepts of genetic variation, non-protein coding regions, tandem repeats, and polymorphism in Module 1 of Theme 5. Learn about the different forms of alleles and chromosomal variations.
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