Genetic Variation and Polymorphism in Theme 5 Modules 1-2
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Questions and Answers

What is the genetic condition characterized by having 3 X chromosomes?

  • Klinefelter Syndrome
  • Triple X Syndrome (correct)
  • Turner Syndrome
  • Jacobs Syndrome
  • What genetic event leads to Down syndrome?

  • Trisomy 13
  • Trisomy 21 (correct)
  • Monosomy X0
  • Trisomy 18
  • What procedure involves taking amniotic fluid to conduct biochemical tests for genetic screening?

  • Chorionic Villus Sampling
  • Karyotype analysis
  • Blood test with phytohemagglutinin
  • Amniocentesis (correct)
  • In which genetic condition do males have an extra X chromosome, resulting in small testes and a feminine body contour?

    <p>Klinefelter Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aneuploidy refers to a condition involving:

    <p>Too many or too few chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the SBE1 gene contribute to pea development?

    <p>Converts sugar into starch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate in meiosis I or sister chromatids in meiosis II?

    <p>Nondisjunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Mendelian genetics, what did scientists in the 1800s believe about how genetic material from parents combined?

    <p>It mixes together in a blending hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the orderly display of an individual's chromosomes?

    <p>Karyotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law of Mendelian genetics explains how two alleles of a gene separate into different gametes during gamete formation?

    <p>Law of segregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During independent assortment in genetics, which chromosomes segregate independently if they are close together?

    <p>Linked genes on the same chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a monohybrid cross of homozygous plants for both seed color and seed texture traits, what would be the phenotype of the F1 offspring?

    <p>All yellow and smooth peas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In meiosis, what is the function of the synaptonemal complex?

    <p>Holds homologous chromosomes together during synapsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mentioned in the text?

    <p>Serve as DNA markers outside genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does sickle cell anemia provide a selective advantage in malaria areas?

    <p>Through resistance to malaria infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tandem repeats in genetic variation?

    <p>Identify unique individuals through VNTRs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technique is used to detect variations in copy number variations (CNVs)?

    <p>DNA microarray analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes sickle cell anemia at the molecular level?

    <p>Single nucleotide substitution in the Beta-globin gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes separate to opposite poles?

    <p>Anaphase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of copy number variations (CNVs) in genetic analysis?

    <p>Identify variations in DNA sequence length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contribute to haplotype grouping?

    <p>By being shared among individuals within haplotype groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the structure of HbS protein in individuals with sickle cell trait?

    <p>It has a valine substitution due to a single nucleotide mutation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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