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Genetic Information and Gene Expression Quiz

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Genetic Information and Gene Expression Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the three main forms of RNA?

mRNA, rRNA, tRNA

What is the universal triplet code in genetics?

The genetic code

What are the basic elements of gene regulation?

Promoter, operator regions

What are the monomers of a polypeptide chain?

Amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Which organelles are involved in the export of proteins via the secretory pathway?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of CRISPR-Cas9 in bacteria?

Editing organism's genome Signup and view all the answers

Explain the steps involved in gene expression in eukaryotic cells.

Transcription, RNA processing, and translation by ribosomes. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of genes, including exons, introns, and promoter and operator regions.

Genes contain exons (coding regions), introns (non-coding regions), and regulatory regions like promoters and operators. Signup and view all the answers

What are the hierarchical levels of structure that give rise to a functional protein?

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the function of enzymes in biochemical pathways.

Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biochemical pathways. Signup and view all the answers

How do rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and vesicles contribute to protein export from a cell?

Rough ER synthesizes proteins, Golgi modifies and packages them, and vesicles transport them to the cell membrane for export. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of CRISPR-Cas9 in editing an organism's genome?

CRISPR-Cas9 is used to precisely edit DNA sequences in an organism's genome. Signup and view all the answers

How is DNA amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)?

PCR involves cycles of denaturation, annealing, and extension to amplify specific DNA sequences. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the use of gel electrophoresis in sorting DNA fragments.

Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on size by applying an electric field through a gel matrix. Signup and view all the answers

How are genetically modified and transgenic organisms used in agriculture?

They are used to increase crop productivity and provide resistance to diseases. Signup and view all the answers