Genetic Engineering Overview

<p>They grow faster and are low in fat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bt corn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transfer DNA from one organism to another (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inheriting different alleles from each parent (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA serves as the genetic material in nearly all living organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide variations of a gene at a specific location (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Recombinant DNA technology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By aiding in the packaging of DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trait (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genotype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dominant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Classical breeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have faced scrutiny regarding safety and ethics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cut DNA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phenotype (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both alleles are the same. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is the source of the desired DNA section. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To manipulate genetic materials for various applications. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By using bacteria as vectors and host cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An organism modified to include a gene from a different species. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced growth rates and disease resistance in plants. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential unintended effects on ecosystems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transformation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vectors facilitate the insertion of foreign DNA into a host. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artificial and natural methods of manipulating genetic materials. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Islet cells of the pancreas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between DNA strands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription factor binding site (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biolistics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responsible for DNA replication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat shock treatment with Calcium chloride (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They possess a high copy number (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phosphodiester bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To allow the identification of successful transformants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By various methods including microinjection and biolistics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their ability to replicate inside bacteria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of altering an organism's genetic makeup by introducing DNA from another organism.

A segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein, influencing traits.

Thread-like structures in the cell nucleus containing DNA and proteins. They carry genetic information.

The molecule in every cell that carries the genetic code, dictating an organism's traits.

A chemical base found in DNA, contributing to the genetic code. There are four types: Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine.

A variation of a gene responsible for a specific trait, influencing its expression.

Having two identical copies of a gene, resulting in a consistent trait expression.

A large molecule made up of repeating units called nucleotides. It carries genetic information.

The repeating unit that makes up DNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

The enzyme responsible for copying DNA during replication, creating two identical DNA molecules.

An enzyme that joins DNA strands together by creating a phosphodiester bond, helping to seal breaks in DNA.

Small, circular pieces of DNA that can replicate independently in a host cell.

Viruses that infect bacteria and can be used to transfer genes into other organisms.

The origin of replication is a specific sequence of nucleotides on a DNA molecule, where replication is initiated.

Genes that provide resistance to antibiotics, allowing for the selection of cells that carry a specific plasmid.

Specific sites on a vector recognized by restriction enzymes, where foreign DNA can be inserted.

The process of inserting foreign DNA into a host organism.

A DNA molecule created by combining genetic material from different sources.

The process of manipulating genetic material to create recombinant DNA, leading to new combinations of genes.

An organism with a gene from another species inserted into its DNA through recombinant DNA technology.

The organism that provides the desired gene for insertion into a different organism.

The organism whose DNA is modified by inserting a gene from another organism.

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood sugar levels. Recombinant DNA technology allows for the production of synthetic insulin using bacteria as vectors.

Vaccines are biological substances made from weakened or killed pathogens. Recombinant DNA technology can be used to produce vaccines in various ways, such as by using genetically modified organisms to produce the antigen.

Recombinant DNA technology is used to create organisms with desirable traits, such as increased yield, pest resistance, or disease resistance in crops.

Recombinant DNA technology is used in various industrial applications, such as the production of enzymes, biofuels, and biodegradable plastics.

The combination of alleles that an organism carries. An organism's genotype is homozygous if the paired alleles are the same, and heterozygous if the paired alleles are different.

The physical or chemical expression of an organism's genes. It's what you actually see or can measure.

A characteristic of an organism that can be described or measured. Traits can be physical or behavioral. For example, eye color, hair color, and hairline shape are traits.

Occur when there are more than two different versions of a gene for a trait in a population. This can lead to a wide variety of phenotypic traits, such as blood type, eye color, and hair color.

Dominant version (allele) of a gene shows its specific trait even if only one parent passed the gene to the child. When a child inherits dominant brown‐hair gene form (allele) from dad, the child will have brown hair.

Recessive gene shows its specific trait when both parents pass the gene to the child. When a child inherits recessive blue‐eye gene form (allele) from both mom and dad, the child will have blue eyes.

A type of enzyme that is responsible for forming new copies of DNA, in the form of nucleic acid molecules.

A substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of antibodies against a specific antigen. This helps the body defend itself against diseases caused by that antigen.

Chemical substances used to treat bacterial infections. They are produced by cultivating and manipulating fungal cells.

Animals that have been genetically modified to contain genes from other organisms. Examples include cows, sheep, goats, and fish.

Plants that have been genetically modified to be resistant to diseases, pests, herbicides, and droughts.

The first genetically modified crop legalized in the Philippines, known for its resistance to insect pests.