General Study Quiz

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What is an Achieved Status?

A social position assigned at birth.
The process of learning social norms.
A social position that an individual earns or chooses (correct)
The ability to act independently.
A system where power is divided.

Who introduced the concept of Anomie?

Herbert Spencer
Max Weber
Auguste Comte
Émile Durkheim (correct)
Karl Marx

What does "Alienation" refer to according to Karl Marx?

A feeling of separation or estrangement from society (correct)
The transition from rural to urban life
Emergence of social norms
A sense of connection to one's workplace
A state of lawlessness

What type of authority did Max Weber NOT identify?

Divine (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Bourgeoisie according to Karl Marx?

The capitalist class that owns the means of production (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Cultural Relativism?

Judging a culture by its own standards (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Social Stratification?

The hierarchical organization of society into classes or groups (E) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Ethnocentrism" mean?

The belief that one's own culture is superior to others (C) Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the set of shared beliefs that unify a society?

Collective Conscience (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Consumerism?

Emphasis on acquiring goods (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Deviance" refer to?

Behavior that violates social norms (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a Subculture?

A group within society with distinct norms and values (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Discrimination?

Unequal treatment of individuals based on group membership (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the Division of Labor?

Specialization of work tasks in society (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Gender" refer to in sociological terms?

Social roles and behaviors associated with being male or female (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Globalization" refer to?

The interconnectedness of the world through trade, communication, and cultural exchange (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of "Hegemony"?

Dominance of one group over others, often maintained through cultural means (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is an Ideology?

A system of beliefs, values, and ideas that influences perceptions and behavior (E) Signup and view all the answers

What is Industrialization?

The transformation from an agrarian society into an industrial one (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Suburbanization?

Movement from urban centers to suburbs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Kinship" refer to?

The system of social relationships connecting individuals in a family (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of macrosociology?

Largescale social processes (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Mass Media?

Means of communication that reach a large audience (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Materialism?

The importance placed on material goods and physical comfort (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does Meritocracy mean?

A system in which advancement is based on individual ability or achievement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Micro-Level Analysis" focus on?

Small-scale social interactions (E) Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of "Modernization"?

The transformation from traditional to modern societies (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Multiculturalism?

Recognition and appreciation of cultural diversity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are "Norms" in a sociological context?

Accepted social behaviors and expectations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "Patriarchy" refer to?

A social system where men hold primary power (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which concept suggests that knowledge should be based on observable phenomena?

Positivism (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Proletariat according to Karl Marx?

The working class who sell their labor (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does Quantitative Research involve?

Numerical research focusing on statistical data (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Race in sociological terms?

Socially constructed categories based on physical traits (E) Signup and view all the answers

What is Rationalization according to Weber?

The process of making society more efficient and calculable (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is Reciprocity in social terms?

The social norm of exchanging benefits and services (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does symbolic interactionism focus on?

Social meanings created through interactions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Religion in sociology?

An organized system of beliefs and practices around sacred things (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a Taboo?

Prohibited or restricted social behaviors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Role" mean in sociology?

The behavior expected of someone in a particular social position (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are Sanctions in social terms?

Social responses to deviant behavior, which can be positive or negative (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Self-Concept" refer to?

An individual's perception of themselves (E) Signup and view all the answers

What is Sexism?

Discrimination based on gender (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Social Capital?

Resources available through social connections and networks (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "Social Change" refer to in sociology?

The transformation of cultural, economic, and political structures over time (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is Social Construction?

The creation of social realities through collective agreement (C) Signup and view all the answers

Achieved Status

A social position that an individual earns or chooses through effort, talent, or achievement.

Alienation (Marx)

A feeling of separation or estrangement from society, particularly in the workplace, due to a lack of control over one's labor and products.