General Quiz on Study Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What was the first recorded attack by the Vikings in England?

  • Attack on Dublin
  • Attack on York
  • Attack on Wessex
  • Attack on Lindisfarne (correct)

King Alfred the Great successfully united England under one rule during his reign.

False (B)

Who was known as the first king of England?

Athelstan

The Vikings settled in England and established an area known as ______.

<p>Danelaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following figures with their contributions:

<p>Alfred the Great = Defended Wessex against Viking invasions Cnut = Unified England and established a strong army Edward the Confessor = Became king after Cnut's sons Ethelred the Unready = Struggled with succession and governance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of life did the Vikings in Orkney integrate into their society?

<p>Fishing and trading (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Lewis Chess Pieces were made in England.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the term 'burh' during the Viking Age?

<p>Forts for protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records important events in ______ history.

<p>English</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the community organize itself during King Alfred's rule?

<p>By creating localized fortifications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material were most of the playing pieces made from?

<p>Walrus ivory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Lewis hoard does not include any pieces for playing the game of tables.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which game is similar to tables and found in medieval sites?

<p>Backgammon</p> Signup and view all the answers

The peace treaty agreed upon during the time of Alfred and Guthrum is known as _______.

<p>Witin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical figures with their contributions or facts:

<p>Willibald = Stories recorded by Hygeburg Arculf = Visited Jerusalem, stories recorded by Adomnan Offa = Minted coin in Mercia Adomnan = Recorded stories of Arculf</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could the buried playing pieces have been a possession of?

<p>A merchant (B), A local leader (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The designs and carvings of the playing pieces vary greatly in quality.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the law established following the agreement between Alfred and Guthrum?

<p>Dane law</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the plantations initiated under Queen Mary?

<p>To settle Catholic settlers in Ireland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Queen Mary ruled over the entire island of Ireland.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots?

<p>Mary of Guise</p> Signup and view all the answers

James became King of England and Scotland as James _____ and _____ respectively.

<p>I, VI</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following companies was founded to establish the first permanent British colony in America?

<p>Virginia Company (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

George Buchanan believed that kings were above the law.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts of 1651 and 1660?

<p>To ensure that all goods from English colonies were transported to England in English ships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event marked the first significant arrival of Puritans in America?

<p>Plymouth Colony in 1620 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the monarch with their notable action:

<p>Henry VIII = Attempted to make Ireland more English Mary I = Initiated Catholic plantations in Ireland James I = Wrote about divine right of kings Charles I = Ruled without Parliament</p> Signup and view all the answers

The English population in the Americas by 1700 was approximately _____ colonists.

<p>400,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was primarily in power during the reign of William and Mary?

<p>William (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Act of Settlement stipulated that all monarchs had to be followers of the Church of England.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the War of Spanish Succession in 1713?

<p>The treaty of Utrecht was signed, ending the conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

William died in 1702 after being thrown off his ______.

<p>horse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their corresponding dates:

<p>Act of Union = 1707 Act of Settlement = 1701 Treaty of Utrecht = 1713 William's death = 1702</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant construction was built for military purposes in the Highlands during William's reign?

<p>Fort William (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mary and William had several children during their reign.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one major consequence of the Act of Union for Scotland?

<p>It established the United Kingdom with one parliament at Westminster.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Jacobites supported the ______ line.

<p>Stuart</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the 'Glencoe Massacre'?

<p>A betrayal by the Campbells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who played a vital role in the conversion of Northumbria?

<p>Paulinus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Vikings had horns on their helmets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What day were 10,000 Saxons converted to Christianity?

<p>Christmas day</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ was a significant Viking ship known for having women buried in it.

<p>Oseberg Ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major reason for the Viking settlement in Iona?

<p>Wealth of the monastery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following Viking ships with their notable characteristics:

<p>Oseberg Ship = Had women buried in it/Royal Barge Gokstad Ship = Preserved with blue clay Viking Ships = Shallow draft, flexible design</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Celtic Church and the Church of Rome had harmonious relations throughout the early conversions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What geographic regions did the Vikings actively trade and settle in during the Viking Age?

<p>From Baghdad to North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following individuals is known for translating the Bible into English?

<p>John Wycliffe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Henry VII was known for establishing heavy taxes to increase the crown's wealth.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two sacraments Martin Luther retained after his reforms?

<p>Baptism and Communion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Act of Supremacy was passed in _____, asserting Henry VIII's control over the Church in England.

<p>1534</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scientists with their contributions:

<p>Copernicus = Proposed the heliocentric theory Galileo = Advanced the understanding of motion and falling objects Kepler = Described the orbits of planets Newton = Formulated the laws of gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which monarch was known as 'Bloody Mary' due to her persecution of Protestants?

<p>Mary I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

John Cabot was commissioned by Henry VII to explore new territories.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the chief advisor that helped Henry VIII in obtaining his divorce?

<p>Cardinal Wolsey</p> Signup and view all the answers

Edward VI was known for introducing the _____ of Uniformity, which mandated church attendance.

<p>Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following Tudor monarchs with their key characteristics:

<p>Henry VII = Strengthened the crown's finances Henry VIII = Separated the Church of England from Rome Edward VI = Pushed for radical Protestant reforms Mary I = Reinstated Catholicism in England</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a main concern of Martin Luther?

<p>Role of clergy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the world between Spain and Portugal.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was John Wycliffe's group known as?

<p>The Lollards</p> Signup and view all the answers

Thomas Cranmer wrote the _____ of Common Prayer.

<p>Book</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Augustine of Canterbury

A Christian missionary who played a key role in converting the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity in Kent.

Viking Age

A period of history (roughly 8th to 11th centuries) during which Scandinavian peoples raided, traded, and settled across Europe, including Britain and Ireland.

Viking Ships

The primary form of transportation for Vikings, used for raiding, trading, and exploration.

Viking religion

Norse polytheistic belief system with unique Gods and rituals unlike early Christianity

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Conversion of Northumbria

The process of adopting Christianity in the region of Northumbria, England, primarily through the efforts of Paulinus.

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Birsay settlement

A Viking settlement in Scotland showing evidence of interaction between Viking and Pictish cultures.

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Celtic Church

Early Christian communities in Britain with unique traditions, practices, and an eventually merging with Roman Christianity

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Mass Conversion

A large-scale adoption of Christianity by a community, notably during the period of Augustine.

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Viking Settlement in Shetland

Early Viking settlements in Shetland included Jarlshof, Brochs, and Viking Long Houses, which were primarily used as living quarters, animal barns, and storage for goods.

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Viking Influence in Orkney

Vikings settled in Orkney and became farmers, fishermen, traders, and eventually part of the ruling class, establishing a significant Nordic presence.

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Viking Raids in England

Early Viking activities in England involved sporadic raiding, permanent colonization, co-existence, tribute-taking, and full-scale political conquest.

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Alfred's Burhs

Series of fortified settlements built by King Alfred to defend against Viking attacks.

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Danelaw

The area in England where Vikings settled after a treaty with Alfred the Great.

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King Alfred the Great

King of Wessex who successfully resisted Viking invasions and established defensive strategies.

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Viking influence on York

Vikings changed the name and culture of York, an important city.

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Hundred Meetings

Local administrative units in England, part of a sophisticated system of governance.

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King Cnut

Danish King who ruled England after Ethelred the Unready.

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Cnut's Letter

A letter by Cnut expressing his commitment to Christian faith, just laws, and maintaining order in England and Denmark

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Medieval gaming pieces

Pieces used for games like backgammon, found in medieval sites in Scotland, often made from walrus ivory or sperm whale teeth.

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Lewis hoard

A collection of medieval gaming pieces discovered in Lewis, Scotland, linking to the Scandinavian world and the Kingdom of Norway

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Trade connections, Early Medieval Britain and the Islamic World

Evidence suggesting trade relationships between Early Medieval Britain and the Islamic world during this period.

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Alfred and Guthrum's Peace Treaty

A peace treaty between Alfred the Great and Guthrum, an agreement emphasizing oaths and promises that were considered binding.

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Willibald and Arculf

Figures associated with early medieval Britain and Islamic world connections, with recorded stories.

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Offa's Coin (Mercia)

A coin minted in Mercia, England, demonstrating possible trade relationships with the Islamic world.

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Kings' Council (Witin)

The advisory body to a king, prominent in the peace treaty agreements of Alfred and Guthrum.

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Plantation of Settlers (Henry VIII)

The policy of encouraging English settlers to move to Ireland during the reign of Henry VIII to establish English control and influence.

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Queen Mary's Rule (Pale)

Queen Mary I of England controlled only a small area of Ireland known as the 'Pale', where English influence was strongest.

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Mary of Guise’s role

Mary, Queen of Scots' mother who held power as Regent of Scotland until her death in 1560 with attempts to maintain French influence.

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James VI/I's Religious Views

James believed in the divine right of kings, arguing they were appointed by God and subject only to God's authority.

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East India Company

A powerful trading company chartered by James I to trade with Asia, primarily India, for spices and luxury goods.

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Jamestown (1607)

The first permanent English settlement in North America, established by the Virginia Company, important for colonization.

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Puritans and the Mayflower (1620)

Puritans, radical Protestants seeking religious freedom, sailed to Plymouth Colony on the Mayflower, establishing their own community.

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Wycliffe's Bible Translation

John Wycliffe translated the Bible into English, challenging the Church's authority.

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Luther's 95 Theses

Martin Luther's publication of 95 arguments critiquing Church practices, initiating the Reformation.

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Luther's views on Clergy

Martin Luther opposed the idea that priests were special or superior, challenging the Church hierarchy.

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Reformation's impact on sacraments

Luther reduced the number of sacraments from seven to two (baptism and communion), reforming Church rituals.

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Atlantic trade routes

The growth of trade along the Atlantic coast of Africa, disrupting Mediterranean trade patterns after the fall of Constantinople.

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Treaty of Tordesillas

A treaty dividing the world into two halves to distribute newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal.

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John Cabot's Voyages

John Cabot sailed for England, exploring North America for England in 1497 and 1498, commissioned by Henry VII.

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Scottish Independence

Scotland maintained its independence, often allying with France during the Renaissance.

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Wars of the Roses

England's internal conflict during the 15th century.

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Henry V's reign

Henry V was an English king known for his military successes in France during the Hundred Years' War.

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King's Chamber

Henry VII's personal treasury, used to centralize royal finances.

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Justice of the Peace

Unpaid local officials appointed by Henry VII to enforce law and order.

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Act of Supremacy (1534)

Legislation declaring Henry VIII the supreme head of the Church of England, severing ties with Rome.

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Edward VI's Reign

Edward VI's reign saw a move toward radical Protestant reforms, including significant changes in English religious practice.

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Elizabethan Religious Settlement

Elizabeth I's religious policies sought compromise between Catholics and Protestants in England.

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Act of Settlement (1701)

This act established that only Protestant monarchs could rule England, ensuring religious continuity and preventing Catholic rule. It also addressed the issue of succession, selecting Sophia, the granddaughter of James I, as the next heir.

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Sophia's Role

Sophia, the granddaughter of James I, was chosen as the next heir to the English throne by the Act of Settlement, ensuring a Protestant line of succession.

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Act of Union (1707)

This act formally united Scotland and England, creating the Kingdom of Great Britain. It aimed to address Scotland's financial difficulties and ensure political stability for both countries.

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Jacobite Uprising

Supporters of the Stuart line, who believed James II was the rightful king, rebelled against William and Mary. This resulted in conflicts and military actions.

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Glencoe Massacre

This incident involved the Campbell clan killing their MacDonald hosts in their sleep. It was a brutal act of revenge and heightened tensions between the clans during the Jacobite uprising.

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War of Spanish Succession

A major European conflict (1701-1714) sparked by the fear of French dominance in Europe. French and Spanish monarchs sought to control vast territories, leading to numerous battles and alliances.

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Treaty of Utrecht

This treaty, signed in 1713, ended the War of Spanish Succession. It aimed to establish a balance of power in Europe, preventing any single nation from becoming too powerful.

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Rise of Britain and France as World Powers

Following the War of Spanish Succession, Britain and France emerged as the dominant powers in the world, having significantly strengthened their positions through conquest and diplomacy.

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Key Events During Queen Anne's Reign

Queen Anne's reign (1702-1714) saw significant events unfold, including the Act of Union, the War of Spanish Succession, and the Treaty of Utrecht. Her reign witnessed a period of great political and social change.

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Importance of the Act of Settlement

The Act of Settlement has long-lasting implications for the British monarchy. It solidified the Protestant faith as a requirement for rulers, ensuring religious stability, and established a clear line of succession to the throne.

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Plantation of Settlers

A policy during Henry VIII's reign that encouraged English settlers to move to Ireland to establish English control and influence.

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Queen Mary I's Rule in Ireland

Queen Mary I of England controlled a small area of Ireland called the 'Pale', where English influence was strongest.

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Mary, Queen of Scots' Mother

Mary, Queen of Scots' mother, Mary of Guise, held power as Regent of Scotland until her death in 1560 with attempts to maintain French influence.

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James VI/I's Religious Beliefs

James believed in the divine right of kings, arguing that kings were appointed by God and subject only to God's authority.

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Navigation Act of 1651, 1660

All goods from English colonies were to be transported to England in English ships. This was to keep money within English hands and was key for the development of the British empire.

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Charles I's Personal Rule

Charles I ruled without parliament, re-established relationships with Rome and Spain, and faced conflict with parliament.

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English Civil War (1642-1651)

A conflict between supporters of Charles I and parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell. This resulted in the execution of Charles I and the establishment of the Commonwealth.

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Study Notes

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