General Chemistry MED-102: Chemical Equilibrium 2
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the equilibrium position when temperature is increased in an exothermic reaction?

  • It shifts to the right.
  • It remains unchanged.
  • It shifts to the left. (correct)
  • It shifts to the higher energy state.
  • In an industrial process, how does using a medium temperature affect reaction speed?

  • It slows the reaction to an undesirable level.
  • It balances the equilibrium and reaction rate. (correct)
  • It has no effect on the reaction speed.
  • It accelerates the reaction significantly.
  • What happens to the equilibrium position when a stress is applied to a system according to Le Châtelier’s Principle?

  • The system remains unchanged.
  • The equilibrium position shifts in the direction that relieves the stress. (correct)
  • The rate of the forward reaction increases.
  • The concentration of the reactants decreases.
  • According to Le Châtelier’s Principle, what occurs if more reactant is added to a system at equilibrium?

    <p>The system shifts to the right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Haber process, what is the ratio of nitrogen to hydrogen gas used?

    <p>1 part N2 to 3 parts H2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a catalyst affect the position of equilibrium in a chemical reaction?

    <p>It accelerates both forward and reverse reactions equally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will occur if the pressure of an equilibrium mixture is increased?

    <p>The system will shift to the side with fewer moles of gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the iron catalyst in the Haber Process?

    <p>To speed up the reaction without being consumed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be observed about ammonia (NH3) in the equilibrium gas mixture during the Haber process?

    <p>It condenses and can be easily removed from the reaction container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does reducing the temperature have on an endothermic reaction?

    <p>It shifts the reaction to the left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when product is removed from an equilibrium mixture?

    <p>The system shifts to the right to produce more product.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does adding nitrogen (N2) to the system have on the reaction quotient (Qc)?

    <p>It decreases the value of Qc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it beneficial to continuously remove NH3 during the Haber process?

    <p>To force the system to use up all the reactants and maximize ammonia production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an exothermic system, how does a decrease in temperature affect product formation?

    <p>It shifts the equilibrium to the right to increase product output.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equilibrium expression for the Haber process in terms of concentrations?

    <p>Qc = [NH3]2/[H2][N2]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the specified conditions of the Haber process, what range of temperature is typically used?

    <p>400-450 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does reducing the volume of a gas in a chemical reaction have on pressure and equilibrium position?

    <p>It increases pressure and shifts equilibrium to the right side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Haber process, how does an increase in temperature affect the equilibrium position?

    <p>It shifts the equilibrium to the left side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the equilibrium constant of a reaction?

    <p>It remains constant at a given temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction regarding equilibrium?

    <p>It speeds up both forward and reverse reaction rates without affecting equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌ 2 HI(g), how does changing the pressure affect the equilibrium?

    <p>It has no effect on the equilibrium position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an endothermic reaction, increasing the temperature has what effect on the equilibrium position?

    <p>It shifts equilibrium toward the products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g), how does increasing the pressure impact the equilibrium?

    <p>It shifts equilibrium to the left side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Le Chatelier’s Principle state regarding changes in reaction conditions?

    <p>The system will adjust to counteract changes in conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of $[NO]$ when the equilibrium concentrations are $[NO2] = 5.0 \times 10^{-2} M$ and $[O2] = 1.0 \times 10^{-3} M$?

    <p>$3.6 \times 10^{-6} M$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the equilibrium constant $K_c$ when the concentration of reactants is reduced?

    <p>It remains constant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At equilibrium, if $[H2]$ and $[I2]$ both are calculated to be $0.021 M$, what is the concentration of $[HI]$?

    <p>$0.158 M$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When expanding the equilibrium expression into a quadratic equation, which terms correspond to coefficients a, b, and c?

    <p>All terms must be included.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the reaction $H2(g) + I2(g) \rightarrow 2 HI(g)$, if $K_c = 57.0$ at 700 K, what is the main consideration before using the quadratic formula?

    <p>Whether x is negligible compared to initial concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the equilibrium expression $K_c = \frac{[HI]^2}{[H2][I2]}$, if $K_c$ is known to be 57.0, what does this imply about the favorability of the formation of products?

    <p>Products are favored.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the forward reaction is represented as $2 NO(g) + O2(g) \rightarrow 2 NO2(g)$, how would an increase in temperature affect $K_c$, assuming the reaction is exothermic?

    <p>It would decrease $K_c$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equilibrium expression $K_c = \frac{[NO2]^2}{[NO]^2 [O2]}$, what should be the initial concentrations of $NO$ and $O2$ to achieve equilibrium concentrations of $[NO2] = 0.05 M$ and $K_c = 6.9 \times 10^5$?

    <p>$0.1 M$ for both $NO$ and $O2$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Test your understanding of chemical equilibrium with this quiz on MED-102. You will perform calculations, predict disturbances, and discuss the relationship between kinetics and equilibrium. Challenge yourself with example reactions and see if you can simplify complex equations.

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