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Questions and Answers
Who invented the first compound microscope?
Who invented the first compound microscope?
- Robert Hooke
- Zacharias Janssen (correct)
- King Charles II
- Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke published his findings in a book called 'MICROGRAPHIA'.
Robert Hooke published his findings in a book called 'MICROGRAPHIA'.
True (A)
What term did Robert Hooke use to describe the small compartments he observed in cork?
What term did Robert Hooke use to describe the small compartments he observed in cork?
cellula
Match the parts of the microscope with their functions:
Match the parts of the microscope with their functions:
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Which type of microscope is most commonly used in biology?
Which type of microscope is most commonly used in biology?
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The first scientists to observe sperm and egg cells were _____ and _____ cells.
The first scientists to observe sperm and egg cells were _____ and _____ cells.
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What is the role of the diopter adjustment in a microscope?
What is the role of the diopter adjustment in a microscope?
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Study Notes
The Invention of Microscope
- King Charles II of England collaborated with Robert Hooke to study insect anatomy.
- Romans pioneered lens experimentation, leading to popular eyeglasses in the 13th century with magnification of 6x-10x.
- The term "lens" comes from the Latin "lentil," reflecting the shape of lentil beans.
- Zacharias Janssen invented the first compound microscope, enhancing magnification through multiple lenses.
- Robert Hooke introduced the term "cellula" after examining cork, documenting his findings in 'MICROGRAPHIA'.
- Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek developed a microscope with greater magnification, discovering bacteria, blood cells, and sperm.
Parts of the Microscope
- Eyepiece (ocular lens): Standard magnification of 10x; interchangeable for 5x-30x.
- Eyepiece Tube: Holds the eyepiece in alignment with objective lenses.
- Diopter Adjustment: Corrects minor vision issues for the viewer.
- Interpupillary Adjustment: Adjusts the distance between ocular lenses for user comfort.
- Head: Connects eyepiece to objective lenses.
- Arm: Connects head to base for structural support.
- Base: Provides stability for the microscope.
- Objective Lenses: Critical for magnifying specimens; includes:
- Scanning Objective Lens (4x): For slide overview.
- Lower Power Objective Lens (10x): General viewing.
- High Power Objective Lens (40x): For fine detail observation.
- Oil Immersion Objective Lens (100x): Highest power; requires immersion oil for clarity.
Types of Microscopes
- Simple Microscope: Consists of a single lens.
- Compound Microscope: Most common, utilizes multiple lenses for enhanced magnification.
- Light Microscope: Primarily used in biology for illumination through light.
- Electron Microscope: Uses electron beams for high-resolution imaging.
- Stereomicroscope/Dissecting Microscope: Provides a 3D view for analyzing specimens.
Key Scientific Contributions
- Robert Remak in 1855 established the concept that all cells arise from preexisting cells (Omnis cellula e cellula) by demonstrating cell division.
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