Gels and Hydrogels

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What property of gels allows them to behave like solids despite being mostly liquid?

Their semi-solid, jelly-like consistency

Their high water content

The absence of any crosslinks

The presence of a three-dimensional crosslinked network (correct)

Which type of gel is composed of a liquid organic phase entrapped in a three-dimensionally cross-linked network?

Organogel (correct)

Hydrogel

Ointment

Cream

Which type of topical formulation is best for covering large areas of the skin or to avoid the greasiness associated with an ointment?

Gel

Ointment

Cream (correct)

Paste

Which type of topical formulation is best for treating dry skin conditions, such as psoriasis?

Ointment Signup and view all the answers

What is the dispersion medium in hydrogels?

Water Signup and view all the answers

Which type of topical formulation is considered the best moisturizer?

Ointment Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common purpose of creams when applied to the skin or mucous membranes?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical composition of an ointment?

80% oil and 20% water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of properly designed oil-in-water (O/W) creams?

Suitable for oozing wounds Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of water-in-oil (W/O) cream?

Cold creams Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key requirement for the packaging of ointments?

Containers should be well-closed and light resistant Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Minimum Fill Test for ointments?

To ensure net weight and volume compliance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hydrophilic bases is correct?

They require aqueous solutions to be incorporated. Signup and view all the answers

Which semisolid preparation contains the highest proportion of solid components?

Pastes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following semisolid preparations is an emulsion system with a creamy white appearance and good spreadability over the skin?

Creams Signup and view all the answers

Which type of base is white petrolatum classified as?

Oleaginous Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following methods can be used to enhance percutaneous absorption of drugs from semisolid preparations?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors should be considered when formulating semisolid preparations for percutaneous absorption?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of oleaginous/hydrocarbon ointment bases?

They are water-soluble Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using ointment bases?

To act as emollients or lubricating agents Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about petrolatum, USP is correct?

It has a melting point range of 38°C - 60°C Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a classification of ointment bases?

Emulsion bases Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of non-medicated ointments?

To provide their emollient or lubricating effect Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about medicated ointments is NOT correct?

They are used as emollients or lubricating agents Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary purpose of using a levigating agent when incorporating insoluble substances into an ointment base?

To facilitate the dispersion of the insoluble substances into the base Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended technique for incorporating insoluble substances into an ointment base?

Powdering the insoluble substances finely and mixing them with an equal amount of base until a smooth mixture is obtained, then adding the rest of the base in increments Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary purpose of melting the oil and water phases separately when preparing an emulsion-based ointment?

To allow for the incorporation of ingredients with different melting points Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ointment base is most suitable for incorporating insoluble substances?

Emulsion-based ointment Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a spatula with a long, broad blade when incorporating ingredients into an ointment base?

To ensure even distribution of the ingredients throughout the ointment Signup and view all the answers

Gels and Hydrogels

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Questions and Answers

What property of gels allows them to behave like solids despite being mostly liquid?

Which type of gel is composed of a liquid organic phase entrapped in a three-dimensionally cross-linked network?

Which type of topical formulation is best for covering large areas of the skin or to avoid the greasiness associated with an ointment?

Which type of topical formulation is best for treating dry skin conditions, such as psoriasis?

What is the dispersion medium in hydrogels?

Which type of topical formulation is considered the best moisturizer?

What is the most common purpose of creams when applied to the skin or mucous membranes?

What is the typical composition of an ointment?

Which of the following is a key characteristic of properly designed oil-in-water (O/W) creams?

Which of the following is a type of water-in-oil (W/O) cream?

Which of the following is a key requirement for the packaging of ointments?

What is the purpose of the Minimum Fill Test for ointments?

Which of the following statements about hydrophilic bases is correct?

Which semisolid preparation contains the highest proportion of solid components?

Which of the following semisolid preparations is an emulsion system with a creamy white appearance and good spreadability over the skin?

Which type of base is white petrolatum classified as?

Which of the following methods can be used to enhance percutaneous absorption of drugs from semisolid preparations?

Which of the following factors should be considered when formulating semisolid preparations for percutaneous absorption?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of oleaginous/hydrocarbon ointment bases?

What is the primary purpose of using ointment bases?

Which of the following statements about petrolatum, USP is correct?

Which of the following is NOT a classification of ointment bases?

What is the primary function of non-medicated ointments?

Which of the following statements about medicated ointments is NOT correct?

Which of the following is the primary purpose of using a levigating agent when incorporating insoluble substances into an ointment base?

What is the recommended technique for incorporating insoluble substances into an ointment base?

Which of the following is the primary purpose of melting the oil and water phases separately when preparing an emulsion-based ointment?

Which type of ointment base is most suitable for incorporating insoluble substances?

What is the primary purpose of using a spatula with a long, broad blade when incorporating ingredients into an ointment base?

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