Questions and Answers
Which type of biomacromolecules are separated and analyzed using gel electrophoresis?
What property of nucleic acid molecules allows them to be separated by gel electrophoresis?
In gel electrophoresis, how are proteins separated?
Which type of gel is typically used for proteins and has high resolving power for small fragments of DNA?
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What is the main reason for tropomyosin's abnormal migration on SDS-PAGE gels?
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Which type of gel is typically used for DNA fragments of usually 50–20,000 bp in size?
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What is the main difference in casting methodology between agarose and polyacrylamide gels?
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Which of the following is true about electrophoresis?
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What is the purpose of the electric field in electrophoresis?
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What is the role of the gel in electrophoresis?
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What is the relationship between the distance traveled by a band and the size of the molecule in electrophoresis?
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Which of the following statements about electrophoresis is true?
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Who observed the electrokinetic phenomenon of electrophoresis for the first time?
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What is the main basis for analytical techniques used in chemistry for separating molecules by size, charge, or binding affinity?
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According to Smoluchowski's theory of electrophoresis, the electrophoretic mobility of a dispersed particle is defined as:
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According to the Smoluchowski theory, the validity of the theory is limited to thin double layers, where the particle radius $a$ is much greater than the Debye length $κ^{-1}$. This condition can be expressed as:
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In the context of electrophoresis, the Debye length $κ^{-1}$ is a measure of:
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The Smoluchowski theory of electrophoresis neglects the contributions from:
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Study Notes
Gel Electrophoresis
- Nucleic acids, proteins, and biomacromolecules are separated and analyzed using gel electrophoresis.
- The property of nucleic acid molecules that allows them to be separated by gel electrophoresis is their charge-to-mass ratio.
Protein Separation
- Proteins are separated based on their molecular weight and charge in gel electrophoresis.
Gel Types
- Polyacrylamide gel is typically used for proteins and has high resolving power for small fragments of DNA (50-20,000 bp in size).
- Agarose gel is typically used for DNA fragments of usually 50-20,000 bp in size.
Tropomyosin Migration
- Tropomyosin's abnormal migration on SDS-PAGE gels is due to its high charge density.
Electrophoresis Basics
- The main purpose of the electric field in electrophoresis is to separate molecules based on their charge and size.
- The gel in electrophoresis acts as a sieve, slowing down the migration of larger molecules.
- The distance traveled by a band is inversely proportional to the size of the molecule in electrophoresis.
Electrophoresis Theory
- Electrophoresis is based on the principles of electrokinetic phenomenon.
- The main basis for analytical techniques used in chemistry for separating molecules is based on size, charge, or binding affinity.
Smoluchowski Theory
- According to Smoluchowski's theory of electrophoresis, the electrophoretic mobility of a dispersed particle is defined as its velocity per unit electric field strength.
- The Smoluchowski theory is limited to thin double layers, where the particle radius is much greater than the Debye length.
- The Debye length is a measure of the thickness of the electric double layer surrounding a charged particle in a colloidal suspension.
- The Smoluchowski theory neglects the contributions from surface conductivity and relaxation effects.
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Description
Test your knowledge of gel electrophoresis with this quiz! Learn about the method used for separating and analyzing biomacromolecules based on size and charge. Explore its applications in clinical chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology.
