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Gear Measurement and Inspection
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Gear Measurement and Inspection

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the Parkinson Gear Tester?

  • To measure the angular differences of gears
  • To measure the straightness of surfaces
  • To record the radial variations of the gear
  • To test the quality and accuracy of gears (correct)

    • What type of gears is the Parkinson Gear Tester mainly suitable for?

  • Helical gears and bevel gears
  • All types of gears
  • Worm gears and complex gear geometries
  • Spur gears and simple gear profiles (correct)

    • What is a limitation of the Parkinson Gear Tester?

  • It is fully automated, requiring no human intervention
  • It is manually operated, which can introduce human error (correct)
  • It can test all types of gears accurately
  • It is only used for high-volume production environments

    • What is an application of the Autocollimator?

    <p>To measure the straightness and flatness of surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spring pressure in the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>To regulate the movement of the right mandrel slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recorded on the chart in the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>The movement of the floating carriage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of the Autocollimator?

    <p>It is not suitable for measuring the quality of gears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feature of the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>It has a dial indicator to measure radial variation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an optical dividing head?

    <p>To accurately divide a circle into equal parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an optical dividing head is used to select specific holes on the index plate?

    <p>Sector Arms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using an optical dividing head?

    <p>Higher precision in angular measurements and divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of a toolmaker's microscope?

    <p>Inspecting and measuring small parts, tools, and components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the micrometer head in a toolmaker's microscope?

    <p>To measure the stage movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is regular cleaning important for an optical dividing head?

    <p>To ensure the accuracy of angular measurements and divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the sector arms in an optical dividing head?

    <p>To select specific holes on the index plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using a toolmaker's microscope in manufacturing and quality control?

    <p>Higher magnification and accuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of gear measurement?

    <p>Dimensional accuracy and eccentricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of poorly machined gear teeth?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a standard roller in tooth space?

    <p>To check parallelism off a surface plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>To mount a standard gear on a fixed vertical spindle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the spring pressure in the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>To maintain the gears in mesh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the dial indicator in the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>To measure variations in center distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gears can be tested using the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>Spur gears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the alternative to the dial indicator in the Parkinson Gear Tester?

    <p>Auto-graphic recorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stage in a toolmaker's microscope?

    <p>To bring the area of interest under the optical system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a toolmaker's microscope?

    <p>High precision and versatility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interferometer is commonly used for measuring small changes in distance or refractive index?

    <p>Michelson Interferometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calibration in a toolmaker's microscope?

    <p>To ensure accuracy of measurements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle of interferometry?

    <p>Interference of light waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of a toolmaker's microscope in quality control?

    <p>To verify the accuracy of manufactured components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the coherent light source in interferometry?

    <p>To produce light waves with a constant phase difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of toolmaker's microscope is used for measuring micro-machined parts?

    <p>Measuring Microscopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main application of the Sagnac Interferometer?

    <p>Measuring rotation rates in navigation systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of Interferometry?

    <p>It is a non-contact measurement method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of Interferometry?

    <p>It is sensitive to environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of surface texture in modern engineering products?

    <p>It influences the functioning of the machined parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reason for controlling surface texture?

    <p>To reduce the initial wear of parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is measured in Fiber Optics using Interferometry?

    <p>The properties of optical fibers and components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a field of application where Interferometry is used?

    <p>Biology and Medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required to maintain the accuracy of Interferometry measurements?

    <p>Regular calibration and environmental control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gear Measurement

    • Importance of paying attention to raw material, production cycle, machining, heat treatment, cutting, and surface finish of teeth for proper gear inspection
    • Key dimensional accuracy checks: face width, bore, hub, length, and outside diameter
    • Eccentricity and concentricity of blanks are crucial, and side faces should be true to the bore
    • Additional measurements for precise gears: tip radius, shape of root, and surface finish

    Good Alignment of Each Tooth

    • Importance of even load distribution over the face of the gear
    • Poor tooth alignment can lead to high bearing stresses and concentrated load on one edge
    • Checking tooth alignment using a standard roller and surface plate

    Parkinson Gear Tester

    • Principle: measuring gear variations using a standard gear on a fixed spindle and the gear to be tested on a sliding carriage
    • Movement of the sliding carriage indicates gear irregularities, which can be recorded using a dial indicator or a circular chart
    • Used for testing spur gears

    Limitations of Parkinson Gear Tester

    • Limited to simple gear types (e.g., spur gears) and not suitable for complex gear geometries
    • Manual operation may introduce human error
    • Limited measurement range and accuracy limitations
    • No advanced data recording and analysis capabilities
    • Slow and labor-intensive process
    • Subject to wear and tear, requiring regular calibration and maintenance
    • Cost and maintenance concerns
    • Single-purpose device

    Autocollimator

    • Optical instrument used for measuring small angular differences, changes, or deflections
    • Principle: using a collimating lens to project parallel light beams and measure reflected light
    • Applications:
      • Measuring straightness and flatness of surfaces
      • Precise angular indexing using polygons
      • Comparative measurements using master angles
      • Assessing squareness and parallelism of components
      • Measuring small linear dimensions

    Optical Dividing Head

    • Precision tool used for accurately dividing a circle into equal parts
    • Components:
      • Base
      • Spindle
      • Index plate
      • Sector arms
      • Optical system
      • Crank or handwheel
    • Working principle:
      • Mounting the workpiece
      • Setting the angle using the index plate and sector arms
      • Dividing the circle using the crank or handwheel
      • Verifying the angle using the optical system
    • Applications:
      • Gear cutting
      • Spline cutting
      • Tool grinding
      • Rotary table operations
    • Advantages:
      • High precision
      • Versatility
      • Repeatability

    Tool Makers Microscope

    • Highly precise optical instrument used for inspecting and measuring small parts, tools, and components
    • Components:
      • Optical system
      • Stage
      • Micrometer head
      • Illumination
      • Focusing mechanism
      • Measurement scales
      • Base
    • Working principle:
      • Placing the workpiece on the stage
      • Adjusting the stage using micrometer heads
      • Focusing the optical system
      • Illuminating the workpiece
      • Measuring dimensions using reticles or graduated scales
    • Applications:
      • Inspecting small parts
      • Tool and die making
      • Quality control
      • Research and development
      • Micro-machining
    • Advantages:
      • High precision
      • Versatility
      • Enhanced visibility
      • Ease of use
      • Durability

    Interferometry

    • Powerful technique for measuring small displacements, refractive index changes, surface irregularities, and other minute changes
    • Basic principles:
      • Interference of light waves
      • Coherent light source
      • Splitting and recombining light
    • Types of interferometers:
      • Michelson interferometer
      • Fabry-Pérot interferometer
      • Mach-Zehnder interferometer
      • Sagnac interferometer
    • Applications:
      • Metrology
      • Astronomy
      • Fiber optics
      • Material science
      • Biology and medicine
    • Advantages:
      • High precision
      • Non-contact measurement
      • Versatility
    • Disadvantages:
      • Sensitivity to environmental factors
      • Complex setup
      • Cost

    Surface Texture

    • Importance of controlling surface texture in modern engineering products
    • Influence of surface texture on:
      • Appearance
      • Corrosion resistance
      • Wear resistance
      • Fatigue resistance
      • Lubrication
      • Initial tolerance
      • Load carrying capacity
      • Noise reduction
    • Reasons for controlling surface texture:
      • Improving service life
      • Reducing fatigue resistance
      • Reducing initial wear

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    Description

    This quiz covers the importance of gear measurement and inspection, including dimensional accuracy, eccentricity, and concentricity of gear blanks.

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