chapter 15 . quiz 4. Gastrointestinal System Nociception and Innervation
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Questions and Answers

Which nerves are responsible for innervating the parietal peritoneum, abdominal wall muscles, and skin?

  • Ventral rami of thoracoabdominal nerves (correct)
  • Sympathetic fibers
  • Parasympathetic fibers
  • Splanchnic nerves
  • Which part of the colon receives sympathetic innervation from T5-L2?

  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon
  • Rectum
  • Proximal part of the colon (correct)
  • What is the function of sympathetic efferent nerves in the gastrointestinal system?

  • Stimulate peristalsis and gastric distension
  • Regulate digestive enzyme secretion
  • Inhibit peristalsis and gastric distension and cause GI vasoconstriction (correct)
  • Transmit visceral pain
  • Where do preganglionic sympathetic fibers exit the spinal cord?

    <p>As gray rami communicants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sympathetic afferent fibers in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Transmit visceral pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ganglia and plexus are formed by the sympathetic fibers in the upper abdomen?

    <p>Celiac plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves are responsible for innervating the liver, stomach, pancreas, and small bowel?

    <p>Splanchnic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of sympathetic fibers innervating the descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum?

    <p>T9-L3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the preganglionic sympathetic fibers synapse with postganglionic fibers?

    <p>Celiac plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ventral rami of thoracoabdominal nerves in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Innervation of parietal peritoneum, abdominal wall muscles, and skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of afferent parasympathetic nerves in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Transmitting sensations of satiety, nausea, and distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are parasympathetic postganglionic neurons located in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Myenteric and submucosal plexuses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal cord segments are responsible for innervating the colon, rectum, and internal and external genitalia?

    <p>S2-S4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of efferent parasympathetic nerves in the gastrointestinal system?

    <p>Increasing secretion, sphincter relaxation, and peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of some vagal fibers that supply the abdominal viscera?

    <p>Through the prevertebral fibers (celiac plexus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the colon receives parasympathetic innervation via the vagus nerve?

    <p>Proximal to the splenic flexure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal cord segments are responsible for innervating the internal and external genitalia?

    <p>S2-S4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do some vagal fibers pass through to supply the abdominal viscera?

    <p>Prevertebral fibers (celiac plexus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>It has a diffuse and capable of amplification distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the 'dual-function' properties of abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>To carry sensory evoked potentials and regulate autonomic flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which plexus is responsible for the innervation of the GI organs up to the proximal transverse colon?

    <p>Celiac plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the stimulation of abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>Difficult to stop due to self-aggravation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the connections between nerves, ganglia, and plexuses in abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>There are an abundance of connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the fibers in abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>They have 'dual-function' properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of intraabdominal pathology on visceral innervation anatomy?

    <p>It affects the anatomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the fibers in abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>They frequently communicate with each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the fibers in abdominal visceral innervation?

    <p>they are almost exclusively myelinated A-delta and unmyelinated C fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual location of the greater splanchnic nerve in relation to the T12 vertebral body?

    <p>Anterolateral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which spinal cord segments do the fibers of the lesser splanchnic nerve arise?

    <p>T9-T11</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the celiac ganglia?

    <p>Oval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate width of the celiac ganglia?

    <p>0.5-4.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structures are contained in the prevertebral retroperitoneal space?

    <p>Aorta, IVC, lymph nodes, veins of azygos system, cisterna chyli, and diaphragmatic crura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate level of the inferior border of the celiac plexus?

    <p>T12-L2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical origin of the greater splanchnic nerve?

    <p>T5 to T9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the celiac ganglia in relation to the aorta?

    <p>Ventrolaterally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of cases where the lesser splanchnic nerve is not present?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the fusion of the celiac ganglia?

    <p>Lower border of the L2 vertebra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path taken by the greater splanchnic nerve after originating from the spinal cord?

    <p>It passes through the crura of the diaphragm and enters the retroperitoneal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    normally, of how many splanchnic nerves the celiac plexus is composed?

    <p>2 or 3 splanchnic nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

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