Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Chapters 53-55
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Questions and Answers

What is the main drug mechanism for treating acid-related disorders?

  • Increasing mucosal defenses
  • Stimulating gastric acid secretion
  • Enhancing H+ transport
  • Inhibition of H+,K+-ATPase (correct)
  • Under what condition does the stoichiometry of transport vary to one H+ and one K+ per molecule of ATP?

  • Alkaline pH (correct)
  • Slightly acidic conditions
  • Neutral pH
  • Highly acidic conditions
  • Which preparation dissolves only at alkaline pH to improve oral bioavailability?

  • Sublingual tablets
  • Delayed-release tablets (correct)
  • Chewable capsules
  • Immediate-release tablets
  • What types of drugs can be administered parenterally for patients unable to take oral medications?

    <p>Esomeprazole sodium and pantoprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary defense mechanism of the esophagus against gastric acid?

    <p>Robust defense mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which omeprazole inhibits the proton pump?

    <p>It interacts covalently with sulfhydryl groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding the metabolism of PPIs is correct?

    <p>PPIs are metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following PPIs are known to inhibit CYP2C19?

    <p>Omeprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential risk is associated with the long-term use of PPIs?

    <p>Rebound hypersecretion of gastric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which side effect has NOT been associated with PPI usage?

    <p>Severe headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In relation to anti-infective agents, which PPI has been reported to interact with atazanavir or nelfinavir?

    <p>Esomeprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect of PPIs that may occur due to their mechanism of action?

    <p>Hypergastrinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which H2 receptor antagonist has the highest affinity for hepatic CYP enzymes?

    <p>Cimetidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical suppression percentage of gastric acid secretion achieved by H2 receptor antagonists?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus for preventing relapse in most peptic ulcers?

    <p>Eliminating H. pylori from the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tolerance to the acid-suppressing effects of H2 receptor antagonists may develop within how many days of starting treatment?

    <p>3 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following H2 receptor antagonists is considered to have the least propensity for drug interactions?

    <p>Nizatidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following PPIs is considered the safest choice for women with intractable symptoms?

    <p>Lansoprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nonpharmacologic approach to alleviating symptoms of pediatric GERD?

    <p>Dietary adjustments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect may arise from concomitant use of H2 receptor antagonists and alcohol?

    <p>Increased blood alcohol concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which H2 receptor antagonist has an interaction affinity with hepatic CYPs of only 10% compared to cimetidine?

    <p>Ranitidine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should the use of NSAIDs be minimized in patients with gastroduodenal ulcers?

    <p>They suppress mucosal prostaglandin synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about H2 receptor antagonists is true?

    <p>They suppress basal gastric acid secretion significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible adverse effect of PPIs in newborns and infants?

    <p>Respiratory tract infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may trigger histamine release from ECL cells during H2 receptor antagonist treatment?

    <p>Hypergastrinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drug is preferred for patients with acute bleeding ulcers?

    <p>PPIs such as pantoprazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant concern when using PPIs in infants?

    <p>Low therapeutic efficacy and high risk of adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were some preparations of ranitidine and nizatidine withdrawn from use?

    <p>Contamination issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition must be ruled out before diagnosing GERD in infants and young children?

    <p>Cow’s milk allergy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do PPIs play in treating peptic ulcers?

    <p>They suppress stomach acid production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastrointestinal Pharmacology

    • The document outlines chapters within a section on gastrointestinal pharmacology
    • Chapter 53 covers pharmacotherapy for gastric acidity, peptic ulcers, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (1073 pages)
    • Chapter 54 discusses gastrointestinal motility, water flux, emesis, and biliary and pancreatic disease (1085 pages)
    • Chapter 55 details pharmacotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease (1111 pages)

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    Description

    Explore the key concepts of gastrointestinal pharmacology with a focus on chapters 53 to 55. These chapters delve into pharmacotherapy related to gastric acidity, motility issues, and inflammatory bowel disease. Test your understanding of these crucial topics in gastrointestinal health and pharmacological treatments.

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