Gastrointestinal Pathology Quiz

<p>H.Pylori Infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keratinizing Squamous Carcinoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperacidity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Always cause Carcinoid Syndrome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Well Defined Epitheloid Granuloma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Caseating Granulomas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mucinous Cystadenoma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obstructive Jaundice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heals with Fibrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presence of Goblet Cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is focal weakness in the Colonic Wall (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encircles Abdominal Aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholecystitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rheumatic Carditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crohn's Disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex Hyperplasia with Atypia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ulcerative Colitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commonly associated with crypt abscesses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rupture of Berry Aneurysm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urinary 5HIAA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Has a high incidence of malignancy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tubular Adenoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gastric Lymphoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ulcerative Colitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adenocarcinoma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suppurative Parotitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commonly (more than 50%) become Malignant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Krukenberg Tumor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased Incidence of Carcinoma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metaplasia of Oesophageal Squamous Epithelium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post-Surgical Follow-up of Colo-Rectal Cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cobble-Stone appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-Bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type B- Chronic Gastritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sessile Villous Adenoma larger than 4cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The disease is limited to the Terminal Ileum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudopolyps (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pyloric stenosis is a narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, the opening between the stomach and duodenum, caused by muscle hypertrophy. It is a condition that affects infants and is characterized by projectile vomiting.

Epitheloid granuloma is a type of inflammatory lesion characterized by a cluster of epithelioid cells surrounded by a rim of lymphocytes. It is commonly observed in granulomatous diseases like sarcoidosis but is not a typical finding in Celiac disease.

Pyloric stenosis, a narrowing of the opening between the stomach and duodenum, is not a known complication of duodenal ulcers.

H. pylori infection is primarily associated with gastric ulcers and gastritis, not squamous carcinoma of the esophagus.

Mallory-Weiss syndrome is characterized by tears in the lining of the esophagus, caused by forceful vomiting or retching. Squamous carcinoma is a type of cancer that can occur in the esophagus but is not a direct consequence of Mallory-Weiss syndrome.

Autoimmune gastritis is characterized by immune system attacks targeting the stomach lining. While it can lead to a decrease in stomach acid production (hypochlorhydria), it is not associated with hyperacidity, which refers to excessive stomach acid production.

Keratinizing squamous carcinoma is a type of cancer associated with the squamous cells of the esophagus, not Barrett's esophagus, which is characterized by a change in the lining of the lower esophagus.

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the digestive tract. Acute gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by irritants like alcohol, medications, or stress. However, Crohn's disease is not directly associated with acute gastritis.

Ulcerative colitis involves inflammation that affects all layers of the intestinal wall, from the mucosa to the serosa. It's a deep and pervasive inflammation.

Ulcerative colitis primarily affects the colon, especially the rectum, and its inflammation is continuous, not skipping areas.

Crypt abscesses are collections of pus in the crypts, finger-like projections of the intestinal lining. They're a characteristic feature of ulcerative colitis.

Non-caseating granulomas are clumps of immune cells that don't have a central core of dead cells. They're more common in Crohn's disease, not ulcerative colitis.

Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by excess serotonin, a hormone produced by a tumor called a carcinoid tumor. This is diagnosed by measuring serotonin levels in the urine, specifically 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA).

Crohn's disease also has inflammation that extends through all layers of the intestinal wall, like ulcerative colitis.

Crohn's disease can lead to malabsorption, where the body cannot adequately absorb nutrients. This is due to the inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining.

Gastric lymphoma is a type of cancer that occurs in the stomach. It's a well-known complication of Crohn's disease, particularly affecting the stomach due to chronic inflammation.

Diverticulosis is the presence of out-pouchings in the colonic wall, but these pouches do not necessarily cause symptoms. Taenia coli refers to the muscular bands of the colon.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a condition where excessive fibrous tissue forms around abdominal organs, especially the aorta. It can cause narrowing of the ureters, leading to kidney problems. This condition can occur after taking certain medications like methysergide, and it can progress into a type of cancer called fibrosarcoma.

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the digestive tract. It can cause extraintestinal symptoms like joint pain. It can also affect the eyes, causing redness and inflammation.

Cirrhosis is a serious liver disease characterized by scarring (fibrosis) and the formation of nodules in the liver. These nodules disrupt the normal structure and function of the liver.

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that affects the lining of the digestive tract. It can lead to various complications, including joint pain, eye inflammation, and skin rashes.

Familial Polyposis Coli is a condition that increases the risk of developing colon cancer. It's associated with numerous polyps in the colon, which can become cancerous if left untreated.

Complex Hyperplasia with Atypia is a condition where the lining of the uterus grows abnormally. This condition carries a higher risk of developing into endometrial cancer.

Achalasia is a condition affecting the esophagus preventing food from passing into the stomach, not directly linked to an increased incidence of cancer.

A common cause of sudden bleeding in the space surrounding the brain (subarachnoid hemorrhage). This occurs due to rupture of a weakened and bulging blood vessel, usually in the circle of Willis.

A condition characterized by excessive production of gastric acid, often leading to ulcers and other digestive problems.

A type of polyp in the colon that is less likely to become cancerous as compared to other types of polyps.

A chronic autoimmune disease primarily affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands, often accompanied by immune system abnormalities.

A condition where stones form within the salivary glands, interfering with saliva flow.

A non-cancerous, but sometimes unpredictable, salivary gland tumor with well-defined borders but potentially extending into nearby tissues, composed of both epithelial and mesenchymal cells.

A condition characterized by a narrowing of the esophagus (food pipe) due to formation of folds and associated with iron-deficiency anemia.

A condition where the normal lining of the esophagus is replaced by an abnormal type of tissue found in the stomach, typically linked to acid reflux.

CEA levels are most useful in monitoring the recurrence of colorectal cancer after surgery. It helps track the effectiveness of treatment and detect any potential relapse.

Crohn's disease is characterized by a cobblestone appearance due to the presence of inflamed, ulcerated areas interspersed with islands of normal mucosa.

Ulcerative colitis is characterized by crypt abscesses, pseudopolyps, and broad-based ulcers due to chronic inflammation and ulceration of the colon.

Non-Bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis (NBTE) is a complication seen in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer, often caused by hypercoagulability associated with the cancer.

Familial Polyposis Coli (FPC) is a genetic syndrome causing numerous polyps in the colon, dramatically increasing the risk of colorectal cancer.

Type B chronic gastritis is not strongly associated with smoking. It's more likely linked to Helicobacter pylori infection.

Autoantibodies to parietal cells are associated with a flattened gastric mucosa without acute ulceration, suggesting an autoimmune gastritis.

Crohn's disease is characterized by crypt abscesses, fissures, serpentine ulcers, and granulomas, causing inflammation of the digestive tract.

Non-caseating granulomas are a hallmark of Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel disease similar to Ulcerative Colitis but with a distinct pathology. While both can present with similar symptoms, Crohn's affects the entire intestinal wall, while Ulcerative Colitis primarily affects the mucosal lining.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare condition characterized by the accumulation of mucinous material in the peritoneal cavity, often originating from a mucinous tumor of the appendix. Mucinous cystadenomas are benign tumors often found in the ovaries and can be a source of this mucinous fluid.

In Obstructive Jaundice, the flow of bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine is blocked, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood. Steatorrhea (fatty stools) occurs when the body cannot properly absorb fat, often due to issues with pancreatic enzymes, bile ducts, or intestinal malabsorption. This is not a direct consequence of bile flow blockage.

Non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis is a rare condition associated with hypercoagulability of blood, often seen in patients with advanced cancer. Head of Pancreas cancer can lead to hypercoagulability due to its proximity to venous drainage.

Acute gastric ulcers are usually superficial and heal without leaving much scarring. Chronic ulcers, that occur over a longer time, often lead to scarring and fibrosis.