Gastrointestinal Pathology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following does NOT predispose to Gastric Carcinoma?

  • Cigarette Smoking
  • Infection with H.Pylori
  • Hypochlorhydria
  • Pyloric Stenosis (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT seen in Celiac Disease?

  • Epitheloid Granuloma (correct)
  • Loss of Microvillous Brush Border
  • Elongated Crypts
  • Atrophy of Villi

    • Which of the following is NOT a known complication of Duodenal Ulcers?

  • Malignant Transformation (correct)
  • Obstruction
  • Pyloric Stenosis
  • Bleeding

    • Squamous Carcinoma of the Oesophagus is associated with the following EXCEPT:

    <p>H.Pylori Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT associated with Barrett's Oesophagus?

    <p>Keratinizing Squamous Carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The following are features of Autoimmune Gastritis EXCEPT:

    <p>Hyperacidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of Appendiceal Carcinoids?

    <p>Always cause Carcinoid Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The following are features of Ulcerative Colitis EXCEPT:

    <p>Well Defined Epitheloid Granuloma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following morphologic features are not seen in Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Non-Caseating Granulomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pseudomyxoma Peritonei is most closely associated with which condition?

    <p>Mucinous Cystadenoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT associated with steatorrhea?

    <p>Obstructive Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feature that distinguishes Acute Gastric Ulcers?

    <p>Heals with Fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which histological feature is crucial for the diagnosis of Barrett's Esophagus?

    <p>Presence of Goblet Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about Diverticular Disease?

    <p>There is focal weakness in the Colonic Wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about Retroperitoneal Fibrosis?

    <p>Encircles Abdominal Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an Extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Cholecystitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a necessary component of Cirrhosis of the Liver?

    <p>Fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Crohn's Disease is associated with each of the following Extraintestinal manifestations EXCEPT?

    <p>Rheumatic Carditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disease is likely to be complicated by Malignancy?

    <p>Crohn's Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Uterine Lesion has the greatest potential to evolve into carcinoma?

    <p>Complex Hyperplasia with Atypia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following GI diseases has been shown to be associated with an increased incidence of malignancy EXCEPT?

    <p>Ulcerative Colitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Commonly associated with crypt abscesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the leading cause of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage?

    <p>Rupture of Berry Aneurysm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily used for diagnosing Carcinoid Syndrome?

    <p>Urinary 5HIAA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute is NOT characteristic of Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Has a high incidence of malignancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition is increased maximal gastric acid output most characteristic?

    <p>Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of adenoma is least likely to experience complications due to Colorectal Carcinoma?

    <p>Tubular Adenoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a known complication of Gastric Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Gastric Lymphoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is NOT true concerning Sjogren's Syndrome?

    <p>Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT exhibit non-caseating granulomas?

    <p>Ulcerative Colitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which malignant tumor is most likely found in the jejunum?

    <p>Adenocarcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a known association for Salivary Gland Calculi?

    <p>Suppurative Parotitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Pleomorphic Salivary Gland Adenoma is incorrect?

    <p>Commonly (more than 50%) become Malignant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is most likely to arise as a complication of Gastric Adenocarcinoma?

    <p>Krukenberg Tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding Plummer-Vinson Syndrome is NOT accurate?

    <p>Increased Incidence of Carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Barrett's Esophagus is characterized by which type of cellular change?

    <p>Metaplasia of Oesophageal Squamous Epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition is the estimation of CEA most beneficial for post-surgical follow-up?

    <p>Post-Surgical Follow-up of Colo-Rectal Cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What appearance is associated with Crohn's Disease?

    <p>Cobble-Stone appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiac lesion is most likely in a patient with advanced pancreatic carcinoma?

    <p>Non-Bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT strongly linked to smoking?

    <p>Type B- Chronic Gastritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following polyps has the highest cancer risk?

    <p>Sessile Villous Adenoma larger than 4cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which association is correct with Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about Crohn's Disease is NOT true?

    <p>The disease is limited to the Terminal Ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What histological feature is noted in Ulcerative Colitis?

    <p>Pseudopolyps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastric Carcinoma Predisposing Factors

    • Infection with H. Pylori is a predisposing factor for Gastric Carcinoma.
    • Cigarette Smoking is a predisposing factor for Gastric Carcinoma.
    • Smoked and salted foods are a predisposing factor for Gastric Carcinoma.
    • Hypochlorhydria, Pyloric Stenosis are NOT predisposing factors for Gastric Carcinoma.

    Celiac Disease Characteristics

    • Atrophy of villi is a feature of Celiac Disease.
    • The presence of Epitheloid Granuloma is NOT a feature of Celiac Disease.
    • Loss of Microvillous Brush Border is a feature of Celiac Disease
    • Elongated Crypts are a feature of Celiac Disease.
    • Infiltration of Lamina Propria by Plasma Cells and Lymphocytes is a feature of Celiac Disease.

    Duodenal Ulcer Complications

    • Bleeding is a possible complication of Duodenal Ulcers.
    • Malignant Transformation is a possible complication of Duodenal Ulcers.
    • Perforation is a possible complication of Duodenal Ulcers.
    • Obstruction is a possible complication of Duodenal Ulcers.
    • Pyloric stenosis is NOT a known complication of Duodenal Ulcers

    Squamous Carcinoma of the Oesophagus

    • High incidence in Blacks is NOT associated with Squamous Carcinoma of the Oesophagus.

    Mallory-Weiss Syndrome

    • Severe Retching is associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome.
    • Alcoholism is associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome.
    • Excessive Vomiting is associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome.
    • Haematemesis (vomiting blood) is associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome.
    • Squamous Carcinoma is NOT associated with Mallory-Weiss Syndrome.

    Autoimmune Gastritis

    • Association with Hashimoto's Thyoiditis is a feature of Autoimmune Gastritis.
    • Autoantibodies to Gastric Parietal Cells are a feature of Autoimmune Gastritis.
    • Gastric Mucosal Atrophy is a feature of Autoimmune Gastritis.
    • Hyperacidity is NOT a feature of Autoimmune Gastritis.
    • Intestinal Metaplasia is NOT a feature of Autoimmune Gastritis.

    Barrett's Oesophagus

    • Gastrointestinal Bleeding is associated with Barrett's Oesophagus.
    • Reflux Oesophagitis is associated with Barrett's Oesophagus.
    • Keratinizing Squamous Carcinoma is associated with Barrett's Oesophagus.
    • Long History of Heartburn is associated with Barrett's Oesophagus.
    • Epithelial Dysplasia is associated with Barrett's Oesophagus.

    Acute Gastritis

    • Severe Stress is associated with Acute Gastritis.
    • Shock is associated with Acute Gastritis.
    • Excessive Alcohol Consumption is associated with Acute Gastritis.
    • Crohn's Disease is NOT associated with Acute Gastritis.
    • Excessive use of Aspirin is associated with Acute Gastritis.

    Colo-Rectal Cancer Risk Factors

    • Low Fibre Diet is a risk factor for Colo-Rectal Cancer.
    • Familial Polyposis Coli is a risk factor for Colo-Rectal Cancer.
    • Intestinal Amoebiasis is NOT a risk factor for Colo-Rectal Cancer.

    High Cholesterol Intake and Obesity

    • High Cholesterol Intake is potentially a risk factor for certain cancers.
    • Obesity is potentially a risk factor for certain cancers.

    Appendiceal Carcinoids

    • Can be Asymptomatic
    • Can be detected incidentally
    • No remarkable Pleomorphism or Mitotic Activity
    • Can Metastasize to the Liver
    • Always cause Carcinoid Syndrome

    Ulcerative Colitis Features

    • Well-Defined Epitheloid Granuloma is NOT a feature.
    • Pseudopolyps are a feature.
    • Crypt Abscesses are a feature.
    • Ulcers along the Long Axis of the Colon are a feature.
    • Completely Normal Serosal Surface is a feature.

    Crohn's Disease Features and Complications

    • Skip Areas are a feature.
    • Transmural Inflammation is a feature.
    • Non-Caseating Granuloma is a feature.
    • Megacolon is a feature.
    • Cobblestone Appearance is a feature.

    Diverticular Disease (Colonic Diverticulosis)

    • Sigmoid Colon is the most common site.
    • Risk factor for Carcinoma.
    • Occurs alongside Taenia coli.
    • Focal weakness in the Colonic Wall.

    Retroperitoneal Fibrosis

    • Causes Obliteration of the Ureters.
    • Encircles Abdominal Aorta.
    • Shows Prominent Lymphocyte Infiltrate.
    • Reported following administration of Methysergide and other medicine.
    • Develops into well-differentiated Fibrosarcoma (in some cases).

    Extraintestinal Manifestations of Crohn's Disease

    • Polyarthritis.
    • Ankylosing Spondylitis.
    • Cholecystitis.
    • Erythema Nodosum.
    • Uveitis.

    Cirrhosis of the Liver

    • Fibrosis is a component.
    • Nodules of Regenerating Liver Cells are a component.
    • Active (acute) Inflammatory Process with Piece Meal Necrosis is a component.
    • Distortion of Entire Liver Architecture is a component.
    • Distortion of Intrahepatic Blood Flow is a component.

    Crohn's Disease Extraintestinal Manifestations

    • Pernicious Anemia is NOT an extraintestinal manifestation.
    • Uveitis is an extraintestinal manifestation.
    • Ankylosing Spondylitis is an extraintestinal manifestation.
    • Rheumatic Carditis is an extraintestinal manifestation.
    • Erythema Nodosum is an extraintestinal manifestation.

    Diseases Prone to Malignancies

    • Familial Polyposis Coli is likely to be complicated by Malignancy.
    • Crohn's Disease is potentially implicated in Malignancy.

    Uterine Lesions Prone to Carcinoma

    • Complex Hyperplasia with Atypia has the highest potential to evolve into carcinoma.

    GI Diseases Associated with Increased Malignancy

    • Achalasia is not a GI disease associated with increased Malignancy, Celiac Sprue is, Whipple's Disease is, Crohn's Disease is, Ulcerative Colitis

    Chronic Idiopathic Ulcerative Colitis

    • Fistula-in-Ano is a possible finding.
    • Linear serpiginous ulcers are a possible finding.
    • Both Fistula-in-Ano and Linear serpiginous ulcers are possible findings.
    • Neither Fistula-in-Ano nor Linear serpiginous ulcers are possible findings.

    Differences between Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

    • Crohn's tends to occur in young adults.
    • Crohn's disease involves the colon wall transmurally.
    • Crohn's disease may occur in both the large and small intestines.

    Causes of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

    • Rupture of Berry Aneurysm is the common cause.
    • Rupture of Vascular Malformations is a cause.

    Increased Maximal Gastric Acid Output

    • Pernicious Anemia.
    • Gastric Carcinoma.
    • Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome.
    • Aging is NOT associated with increased maximal gastric acid output.

    Least Likely to be Complicated by Colorectal Carcinoma

    • Ulcerative Colitis is the least likely.
    • Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Coli has a high risk.
    • Villous Adenoma has a higher risk than the others listed.
    • Tubular Adenoma has a higher risk of Cancer.
    • Hyperplastic polyps are associated with a low risk of cancer.

    Sjogren's Syndrome

    • Autoimmune aetiology(etiology)
    • Affects salivary and lacrimal glands
    • Associated with hypergammaglobulinemia
    • Can develop into epithelial carcinoma
    • Associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis

    Salivary Gland Calculi

    • Sjogren's Syndrome is NOT associated with salivary gland calculi.
    • Mumps is not associated with salivary gland calculi.
    • Salivary Gland Carcinoma is not associated with salivary gland calculi.
    • Suppurative Parotitis is potentially associated with salivary gland calculi.
    • Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma is potentially associated with salivary gland calculi.

    Pleomorphic Salivary Gland Adenoma

    • Arises most commonly in the parotid glands.
    • Well-circumscribed but sometimes extends to surrounding tissues.
    • Composed of epithelial and mesenchymal components.
    • Not commonly malignant, but a portion of them becomes malignant.
    • The most common salivary gland tumor

    Plummer-Vinson Syndrome

    • Transverse folds of oesophageal mucosa
    • Associated with megaloblastic anemia
    • More common in females
    • Increased incidence of carcinoma
    • Visualized by radiologist during Barium Swallow

    Barrett's Esophagus

    • Metaplasia of esophageal squamous epithelium
    • A web formed of folded mucosa
    • A Pulsion Diverticulum
    • In-situ Carcinoma of the Oesophagus.
    • Oesophageal Candidiasis

    Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis

    • Commonly affects females
    • Usually presents at age 5 years
    • Obstruction caused by thickened Pyloric Muscle
    • Predisposes to Chronic Peptic Ulcer.

    Gastric Mucosa Protection Mechanisms

    • Mucus secretion, Bicarbonate secretion
    • Bacterial Flora
    • Epithelial barrier are mechanisms.
    • Prostaglandins are also protection mechanisms.
    • The other options are NOT a protection mechanism.

    Ulcerative Colitis

    • Inflammation is NOT Transmural.
    • The disease is NOT characterized by skip lesions.
    • It affects parts of the GIT.
    • Crypt abscesses are frequently seen.
    • Non-caseating granulomas are NOT seen.

    Estimation for Carcinoid Syndrome

    • Urinary 5HIAA
    • Urinary VMA
    • Urinary Amino Acids is used to diagnose Carcinoid Syndrome.

    Crohn's Disease

    • Inflammation is Transmural.
    • Affects both small and large intestines.
    • Commonly complicated by Malignancy.
    • NOT a cause of Malabsorption
    • Is NOT associated with Extraintestinal lesions

    Gastric Lymphoma Complications

    • Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
    • Autoimmune Gastritis
    • Gastric Crohn's Disease

    Crohn's Disease Features

    • Skip Lesions
    • Deep Fissures
    • Granuloma Formation
    • Fistula
    • High Incidence of Malignancy

    Highest Risk of Malignant Complications

    • Familial Polyposis Coli has the highest risk.

    String Sign in Radiology

    • Carcinoma of the Oesophagus:
    • Achalasia
    • Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
    • Crohn's Disease
    • Hirschsprung Disease

    Non-Caseating Granulomas

    • Crohn's Disease
    • Ulcerative Colitis
    • Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
    • Temporal Arteritis
    • Sarcoidosis.

    Jejunum Malignant Tumors

    • Adenocarcinoma is most likely found in the Jejunum.
    • Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    • Clear Cell Carcinoma
    • Lymphoma
    • Fibrosarcoma

    Ulcerative Colitis Association

    • Acute Pancreatitis is NOT associated with Ulcerative Colitis.
    • Fistula Formation is NOT associated with Ulcerative Colitis.
    • H. Pylori associated Gastritis IS associated with Ulcerative Colitis.
    • Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis is associated with Ulcerative Colitis.
    • Primary Biliary Cirrhosis is NOT associated with Ulcerative Colitis

    Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors

    • Familial Polyposis Coli has highest risk for colorectal carcinoma.
    • Ulcerative Colitis has a higher risk, than Crohn's Disease, Non-familial Polyposis, Diverticulosis

    Smoking Associated Conditions

    • Thromboangitis Obliterans
    • Atherosclerosis
    • Type B- Chronic Gastritis
    • Renal Cell Carcinoma
    • Impotence

    Flattened Gastric Mucosa

    • Diet High in Nitrites
    • Hyperchlorahydria
    • Hypoparathyroidism
    • Menetrier Disease
    • Autoantibodies to Parietal Cells

    Crypt Abscesses, Fissures, Ulcers

    • Intestinal Schistosomiasis
    • Intestinal Amoebiasis
    • Crohn's Disease
    • Ulcerative Colitis
    • Enteric Fever

    Large Intestinal Polyps

    • Sessile Villous Adenoma (larger than 4cm in diameter) carries highest risk of cancer.
    • The highest risk is not for smaller tubular adenomas

    Crohn's Disease

    • Transmural Involvement of bowel
    • Non-Caseating Granulomas
    • Fistula Formation
    • Cobblestone mucosal appearance
    • Limited to Terminal Ileum

    Ulcerative Colitis Association

    • Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
    • Secondary Biliary Cirrhosis.
    • Hepatic Adenoma
    • Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
    • Hepatic Granuloma

    Ulcerative Colitis Morphological Features

    • Non-Caseating Granulomas are NOT seen in Ulcerative Colitis.
    • Pseudopoplyps are a feature of Ulcerative Colitis
    • Toxic Megacolon is a feature.
    • Crypt Abscesses are a feature in Ulcerative Colitis.

    Lamina Propria Infiltration

    • Infiltration of the Lamina Propria by Mononuclear Inflammatory Cells.

    Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Association

    • Mucinous Cystadenoma
    • Granulosa Cell Tumor
    • Endometroid Carcinoma
    • Dysgerminoma
    • Hilus Cell Tumor

    Celiac Disease and Steatorrhea

    • Celiac Disease IS associated with steatorrhea.
    • Liver Cirrhosis IS NOT associated with steatorrhea.
    • Giardiasis IS associated with steatorrhea.
    • Obstructive Jaundice IS associated with steatorrhea.
    • Chronic Intestinal Schistosomiasis IS associated with steatorrhea.

    Carcinoma of the Head of the Pancreas

    • Dilated Cardiomyopathy
    • Non-Bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis
    • Acute Fibrinous Pericarditis
    • Endocardial Fibrosis
    • Acute Myocardial Infarction

    Acute Gastric Ulcer

    • Found anywhere in the stomach is a feature of acute gastric ulcer.
    • Typically multiple ulcers
    • Usually small, less than 1cm.
    • Adjacent mucosa is not remarkable.
    • Heals with fibrosis.

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    Gastrointestinal System Questions PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on various gastrointestinal conditions and their complications with this quiz. It covers topics including Gastric Carcinoma, Celiac Disease, and Ulcerative Colitis. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals looking to refresh their understanding of these subjects.

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