Gastrointestinal Disorders and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the most feared consequence of esophageal varices?

  • Bleeding (correct)
  • Ulcerations
  • Malignant change
  • Hiatal hernia
  • Strictures
  • Which hormone is increased in achalasia, leading to incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter?

  • Motilin
  • Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
  • Nitric oxide (N.O.)
  • Prostaglandin F2α
  • Gastrin (correct)
  • What is the defining characteristic of Barrett's esophagus?

  • Reduced reparative ability of gastric mucosa
  • Increased levels of histamine
  • Slowed reflux clearing
  • Delayed gastric emptying
  • Presence of goblet cells in the esophageal mucosa (correct)
  • Which condition is characterized by progressive dysphagia starting in the teenage years?

    <p>Achalasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which substance is decreased in achalasia, contributing to incomplete relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter?

    <p>Nitric oxide (N.O.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of laceration in the lower esophagus according to the text?

    <p>Longitudinal tears</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is the SINGLE most common risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma?

    <p>Barrett esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can be recognized as one or several tongues or patches of red, velvety mucosa extending upward from the gastroesophageal junction?

    <p>Barrett esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commonest oral cavity neoplasm associated with squamous carcinoma?

    <p>Betel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following provides protection from acidity in the stomach?

    <p>Mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes loss of superficial epithelium, limited to the lamina propria in gastritis?

    <p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor causes chronic solitary ulcers in adults, with 80% being caused by it?

    <p>$H. pylori$ infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ulcers accounts for the most frequent complications in $PEPTIC$ ulcers?

    <p>$Stress$ ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition accounts for two-thirds of deaths related to ulcers?

    <p>$Peptic$ ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most frequent complication in $PEPTIC$ ulcers?

    <p>Bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What denotes loss of the superficial epithelium, limited to the lamina propria in gastritis?

    <p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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