Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Diagnosis and TLC

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What is the drug of choice for treating GERD?

H2 Blockers

Antacids

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (correct)

Antiemetics

What are the common symptoms of GERD?

Heartburn, regurgitation, noncardiac chest pain (correct)

Shortness of breath, muscle weakness, fatigue

Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea

Coughing, fever, sore throat

What should be performed in those who have issues swallowing or breathing?

Pulmonary function tests

Cardiac stress test

MRI of the brain

Upper endoscopy (correct)

What lifestyle change is recommended for those with nocturnal GERD?

Avoiding meals 2-3 hours before bed (B) Signup and view all the answers

What should be continued in those with continued symptoms after stopping PPI therapy and in those with erosive or Barrett’s esophagus?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern regarding H2 Blockers for GERD?

Body becoming resistant by producing more histamine (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of foods should patients with GERD be aware of?

Chocolate, caffeine, alcohol, acidic food, spicy food (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment duration for those with erosive esophagitis using PPIs?

8-week course (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of H2 Blockers?

Headache, diarrhea, dizziness (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of H2 Blockers for treating GERD?

Inhibit gastric acid secretion by blocking histamine at H2 receptors (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concern when using routine global elimination of trigger foods for GERD?

Not recommended, but patients should be aware of foods that may cause them issues. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an adverse effect associated with Clarithromycin (Biaxin) used in the treatment of H. pylori ulcers?

Metallic taste (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do prostaglandins play in the stomach, and how do NSAIDs affect them?

Prostaglandins protect the stomach lining; NSAIDs block their formation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is known to cause a disulfiram-like reaction if alcohol is consumed while taking it?

Metronidazole (Flagyl) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for Sucralfate used as an acid-reducing agent?

It forms complex gels with normal and necrotic mucosa to protect the cells from damage from acid (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is specifically contraindicated in pregnant patients due to its potential to cause miscarriage?

Misoprostol (Cytotec) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important concern when using Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) in children?

It should not be used in children due to its salicylate content (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOA of Amoxicillin (Amoxil) used in the treatment of H. pylori ulcers?

It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to one or more penicillin-binding proteins (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important concern related to Tetracycline when used in treatment?

It may lead to tongue discoloration (black) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason that NSAIDs can make a patient at risk for developing an ulcer?

They block the formation of protective prostaglandins in the stomach lining (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of Emetrol in treating nausea?

It contains fructose, dextrose, and phosphoric acid to neutralize stomach acid (B) Signup and view all the answers