Gas Exchange and Blood Supply of Lungs
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the blood-air barrier in the lungs?

  • To prevent air bubbles from forming in the blood and blood from entering the alveoli (correct)
  • To filter out bacteria and particles from the air
  • To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • To regulate blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation

    • What is the approximate diffusion distance for oxygen and carbon dioxide in the pulmonary capillaries?

  • Five times the diameter of a red blood cell
  • The diameter of a red blood cell
  • Less than the diameter of a red blood cell (correct)
  • Twice the diameter of a red blood cell

    • What is the role of elastic fibers in the pulmonary interstitial space?

  • To maintain lung elasticity and prevent collapse (correct)
  • To filter out bacteria and particles from the air
  • To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • To regulate blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation

    • What is the origin of pulmonary macrophages?

    <p>Monocytes that have escaped from the blood capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the anastomosis between the bronchial and pulmonary capillary beds?

    <p>To ensure a constant supply of oxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thickness of the blood-air barrier in the lungs?

    <p>0.2 to 2.5 µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 'air-blood barrier' in the lungs?

    <p>To facilitate gas exchange between the alveolus and pulmonary capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate total surface area of the alveoli in both lungs?

    <p>70 m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Type II alveolar cells?

    <p>To secrete a surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many alveoli are approximately found in each lung?

    <p>300 to 400 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic shape of Type I alveolar cells?

    <p>Squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total alveolar surface area is covered by Type I alveolar cells?

    <p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>To pump deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following veins receives blood from the right bronchial veins?

    <p>Azygos vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the pulmonary artery in terms of pressure?

    <p>Lower pressure than that in the aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the right pulmonary artery?

    <p>Horizontally towards the hilum of the right lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the pulmonary trunk?

    <p>Right ventricle of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of the pulmonary trunk after it arises from the right ventricle?

    <p>It passes to the left side of the ascending aorta for about 5cm before bifurcating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the left pulmonary artery?

    <p>It is shorter and narrower than the right pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pulmonary veins?

    <p>To carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the bronchomediastinal lymph nodes?

    <p>In the neck, alongside the trachea and esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lobar arteries?

    <p>To carry blood to each lobe of a lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the bronchomediastinal lymph nodes drain into?

    <p>The thoracic duct on the left side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of lymphatic vessels in the lung?

    <p>They are absent on the walls of alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parasympathetic fibers in the pulmonary plexus?

    <p>Bronchoconstriction and secretomotor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inspiration, which muscle is responsible for increasing the vertical thoracic diameter?

    <p>Diaphragmatic muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of expiration in the respiratory cycle?

    <p>Recoil of the respiratory muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides the parasympathetic fibers to the pulmonary plexus?

    <p>Vagus nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proportion of air entering the lungs due to the contraction of the intercostal muscles?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the sympathetic fibers in the pulmonary plexus?

    <p>Sympathetic trunk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser