40 Questions
Which drug is considered the initial drug of choice for Type 2 Diabetes?
Metformin
What is the usual dosing range for Metformin (Glucophage)?
500 mg BID up to 1000 mg BID
Which drug class stimulates the release of the body's own insulin?
Sulfonylureas
Which of the following is a mechanism of action for Hmg-CoA reductase inhibitors?
Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis
Which of the following drugs is commonly used for lipid management in primary prevention of cardiac disease?
Atorvastatin
Which of the following populations may require renal dose adjustment for certain lipid-lowering drugs?
Patients with liver disease
Which class of antidiabetic medications works by delaying digestion of carbohydrates during meals to prevent after meal spikes in blood glucose?
Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
Which class of antidiabetic medications stimulates receptors on muscle, fat, and liver cells to restore the effectiveness of insulin?
Thiazolidinediones
Which class of antidiabetic medications inhibits renal SGLT2, blocks reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, and promotes renal excretion of excess glucose in the urine?
Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
Which class of antidiabetic medications stimulates release of insulin and inhibits glucagon release in response to a meal to normalize glucose levels?
Incretin hormones
True or false: Metformin (Glucophage) is the initial drug of choice for Type 2 Diabetes.
True
True or false: Metformin (Glucophage) reduces production of glucose by the liver and increases insulin sensitivity.
True
True or false: SULFONYLUREAS (INSULIN RELEASERS) stimulate the release of the body's own insulin.
True
True or false: Lipid management drugs, such as Hmg-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), have a hypoglycemic effect.
False
True or false: Most lipid-lowering drugs are approved for use in children.
False
True or false: Diabetic pregnant women should be on regular insulin for the management of diabetes.
True
True or false: Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors should not be used in patients with intestinal disorders such as IBD or Celiac disease.
True
True or false: Thiazolidinediones decrease insulin resistance by stimulating receptors on muscle, fat, and liver cells.
True
True or false: Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors block reabsorption of glucose in the kidney and promote renal excretion of excess glucose in the urine.
True
True or false: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors do not cause hypoglycemia when used alone.
True
Match the following oral antidiabetic agents with their descriptions:
Metformin (Glucophage) = Reduces production of glucose by the liver, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, increases insulin sensitivity Sulfonylureas = Oldest group of oral agents for T2DM, stimulate the release of the body’s own insulin Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = Should not be used in patients with intestinal disorders such as IBD or Celiac disease Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Do not cause hypoglycemia when used alone
Match the following actions with the corresponding precautions for Metformin (Glucophage):
Withhold the day of surgery = Precaution to prevent risk of Lactic Acidosis 48 hours before the test and do not begin until 48 hours after the test = Precaution for a diagnostic test requiring contrast media Hold if severe kidney compromise/dysfunction = Precaution for severe kidney condition Alone does not cause HYPOGLYCEMIA = Characteristic of Metformin
Match the following drug classes with their associated risks:
Biguanides = No risk of weight gain, may actually see some weight loss Sulfonylureas = Risk of HYPOGLYCEMIA Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = Should not be used in patients with intestinal disorders such as IBD or Celiac disease Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Do not cause hypoglycemia when used alone
Match the following lipid-lowering drugs with their correct mechanism of action:
Hmg-CoA reductase inhibitors = Inhibit the enzyme that controls the rate of cholesterol production in the body Bile acid sequestrants = Bind to bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption and promoting their excretion Fibrates = Activate a receptor called PPAR-alpha, which lowers triglyceride levels and increases HDL cholesterol levels Nicotinic acid = Reduces the liver's production of VLDL, a precursor of LDL
Match the following antidiabetic drug classes with their correct mechanisms of action:
Biguanides = Reduce production of glucose by the liver and increase insulin sensitivity Sulfonylureas = Stimulate the release of the body's own insulin Thiazolidinediones = Decrease insulin resistance by stimulating receptors on muscle, fat, and liver cells Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = Delay digestion of carbohydrates during meals to prevent after meal spikes in blood glucose
Match the following drug classes with their correct effects on glucose levels:
Hmg-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) = Do not have a hypoglycemic effect Sulfonylureas = Have a hypoglycemic effect Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Do not cause hypoglycemia when used alone Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors = Promote renal excretion of excess glucose in the urine
Match the following antidiabetic drug classes with their key characteristics:
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = Works by delaying digestion of carbohydrates during meals to prevent after meal spikes in blood glucose Thiazolidinediones = Decreases insulin resistance by stimulating receptors on muscle, fat, and liver cells Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors = Inhibits renal SGLT2, blocks reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, and promotes renal excretion of excess glucose in the urine Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Minimizes the rate of inactivation of the incretin hormones (GLP1) to increase hormone levels and prolong their activity
Match the following antidiabetic drugs with their associated classes:
Acarbose (Precose) = Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Rosiglitazone (Avandia) = Thiazolidinediones Canagliflozin (Invokana); Jardiance (Empagliflozin) = Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors Sitagliptin (Januvia) = Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors
Match the following antidiabetic drug classes with their adverse effects:
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = GI side effects such as bloating, flatulence, diarrhea Thiazolidinediones = Hepatotoxic (requires LFT monitoring), Risk of Congestive Heart Failure Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors = Dehydration, hypotension, syncope, increased UTI/Vulvovaginal candidiasis/balanitis/Fournier’s gangrene Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Do not cause hypoglycemia alone
Match the following antidiabetic drug classes with their mechanisms of action:
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors = Delays digestion of carbohydrates during meals Thiazolidinediones = Stimulates receptors on muscle, fat and liver cells to restore effectiveness of insulin Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors = Blocks reabsorption of glucose in the kidney Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors = Minimizes the rate of inactivation of the incretin hormones (GLP1)
Which of the following is a risk associated with the use of Metformin (Glucophage)?
Lactic Acidosis
Which of the following is true about SULFONYLUREAS (INSULIN RELEASERS)?
They stimulate the release of the body's own insulin
Which of the following is the initial drug of choice for Type 2 Diabetes?
Metformin (Glucophage)
Which of the following drugs is commonly used for lipid management in primary prevention of cardiac disease?
Atorvastatin
True or false: Lipid management drugs, such as Hmg-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), have a hypoglycemic effect.
False
Which of the following populations may require renal dose adjustment for certain lipid-lowering drugs?
Diabetic pregnant women
Which class of antidiabetic medications stimulates the release of the body's own insulin?
Sulfonylureas
True or false: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors do not cause hypoglycemia when used alone.
False
Which class of antidiabetic medications inhibits renal SGLT2, blocks reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, and promotes renal excretion of excess glucose in the urine?
SGLT2 inhibitors
Which class of antidiabetic medications works by delaying digestion of carbohydrates during meals to prevent after meal spikes in blood glucose?
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Test your knowledge on oral antidiabetic agents with this quiz. Learn about the drug classes, such as biguanides, and their specific functions in managing Type 2 Diabetes. Explore the benefits and dosing guidelines of commonly prescribed medications like Metformin (Glucophage).
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
